Nornir文档翻译----第七节 过滤的深入研究
2022-10-05 本文已影响0人
Bless_H
Filtering Deep Dive
这篇教程中我们将探索nornir过滤的能力并且证明为什么nornir是最好的inventory管理框架。
这篇教程将会演示一些通用的网络使用案例以及nornir是如何精确的锁定到主机或者主机组。
Tutorial Inventory
首先，我们初始化我们的nornir inventory。
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir.core.filter import F
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
接下来我们看下我们教程的hosts.yaml文件。不要被这个inventory的大小或者内容搞的不知所措，我们将会在接下来的教程中探索更多的细节。
---
lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- lab
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.16
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 16.6.4
site_code: mel
dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local:
hostname: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- lab
- bcn
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.1
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 16.6.3
site_code: bcn
lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local
groups:
- eos
- lab
- mtl
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.11
vendor: arista
device_type: switch
os_version: 4.22.0F
site_code: mtl
lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local
groups:
- eos
- lab
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.18
vendor: arista
device_type: switch
os_version: 4.23.2F
site_code: mel
lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local
groups:
- junos
- lab
- mtl
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.15
vendor: juniper
device_type: router
os_version: 18.4R2-S5
site_code: mtl
lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local
groups:
- nxos
- lab
- mtl
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.14
vendor: cisco
device_type: switch
os_version: 9.3(6)
site_code: mtl
lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local:
hostname: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local
groups:
- panos
- lab
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.21
vendor: palo alto
device_type: firewall
os_version: 10.0.3
site_code: mel
lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local
groups:
- panos
- lab
- bcn
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.22
vendor: palo alto
device_type: firewall
os_version: 9.1.3-h1
site_code: bcn
lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local
groups:
- junos
- lab
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.23
vendor: juniper
device_type: switch
os_version: 18.4R2-S5
site_code: mel
prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.16
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 16.6.4
site_code: mel
dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local:
hostname: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.1
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 16.6.3
site_code: mel
prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local
groups:
- eos
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.11
vendor: arista
device_type: switch
os_version: 4.21.1F
site_code: mel
prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local:
hostname: prd-arista-02.prd.norn.local
groups:
- eos
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.18
vendor: arista
device_type: switch
os_version: 4.23.1F
site_code: mel
prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local
groups:
- junos
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.15
vendor: juniper
device_type: router
os_version: 15.1R7-S6
site_code: mel
prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local
groups:
- nxos_ssh
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.14
vendor: cisco
device_type: switch
os_version: 7.0(3)
site_code: mel
prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local
groups:
- panos
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.21
vendor: palo alto
device_type: firewall
os_version: 10.0.3
site_code: mel
prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local
groups:
- panos
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.22
vendor: palo alto
device_type: firewall
os_version: 9.1.6
site_code: mel
prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local:
hostname: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local
groups:
- junos
- prod
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.16.23
vendor: juniper
device_type: switch
os_version: 12.1R3-S4
site_code: mel
tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- test
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.16
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 16.6.4
site_code: mel
dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local:
hostname: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- test
- mel
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.1
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 15.1.4
site_code: mel
tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local
groups:
- eos
- test
- ptl
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.11
vendor: arista
device_type: switch
os_version: 4.21.1F
site_code: ptl
tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local
groups:
- eos
- test
- ptl
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.18
vendor: arista
device_type: switch
os_version: 4.21.1F
site_code: ptl
tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local
groups:
- junos
- test
- ptl
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.15
vendor: juniper
device_type: router
os_version: 15.1R7-S6
site_code: ptl
tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local
groups:
- nxos
- test
- chc
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.14
vendor: cisco
device_type: switch
os_version: 7.0(4)
site_code: chc
tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local
groups:
- panos
- test
- chc
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.21
vendor: palo alto
device_type: firewall
os_version: 10.0.3
site_code: chc
tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local
groups:
- panos
- test
- chc
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.22
vendor: palo alto
device_type: firewall
os_version: 8.0.8
site_code: chc
tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local:
hostname: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local
groups:
- junos
- test
- chc
data:
mgmt_ip: 10.0.32.23
vendor: juniper
device_type: switch
os_version: 12.1R3-S4
site_code: chc
Next, let’s look at our tutorial groups.yaml file. There are a mixture of group types in here.
Some appear to be based on network operating systems, some on operating environments and others based on physical location.
nornir has no pre-conceived ideas or limits on group composition or structures:
[23]:
%cat filtering_deep_dive/inventory/groups.yaml
---
ios:
platform: ios
data:
vendor: cisco
junos:
platform: junos
data:
vendor: juniper
eos:
platform: eos
data:
vendor: arista
nxos:
platform: nxos
data:
vendor: cisco
nxos_ssh:
platform: nxos_ssh
data:
vendor: cisco
panos:
platform: paloalto_panos
data:
vendor: palo alto
lab:
data:
sla: 70
production: false
prod:
data:
sla: 90
production: true
test:
data:
sla: 80
production: false
mel:
data:
full_name: Melbourne
country: Australia
region: apac
hemisphere: southern
site_type: primary
hbt:
data:
full_name: Hobart
country: Australia
region: apac
hemisphere: southern
site_type: tertiary
chc:
data:
full_name: Christchurch
country: New Zealand
region: apac
hemisphere: southern
site_type: secondary
ptl:
data:
full_name: Port Louis
country: Mauritius
region: amea
hemisphere: southern
site_type: primary
mtl:
data:
full_name: Montreal
country: Canada
region: amer
hemisphere: northern
site_type: primary
bcn:
data:
full_name: Barcelona
country: Spain
region: amea
hemisphere: northern
site_type: primary
接下来我们看下这个教程groups.yaml,这里有一些混合的组合。有些是基于网络设备操作系统的，有些是基于操作环境，有些是基于物理位置的。
nornir没有任何预置的想法或者限制在group组件或架构上。
Customer inventory data
在我们进行过滤之前，介绍一些关于自定义数据的概念是很重要的。
nornir允许你去填充自定义数据在hosts或者groups对象的data键中，无论你选择什么key/value数据结构。你可以为这些keys其任何名字去适配的业务需要。
首先，我们看下从原始的hosts.yaml和groups.yaml中摘取的一个host和一个group。
%cat filtering_deep_dive/inventory/hosts_extract.yaml
---
lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- lab
- mel
data: # Anything under this key is custom data
mgmt_ip: 10.0.0.16 # This is custom data
vendor: cisco # So is this
device_type: router # Same as this
os_version: 16.6.4 # Also this too
site_code: mel # Yes, and also this
%cat filtering_deep_dive/inventory/groups_extract.yaml
---
mel:
data: # Anything under this key is custom data
full_name: Melbourne # This is custom data
country: Australia # So is this
region: apac # Same as this
hemisphere: southern # Also this too
site_type: primary # Yes, and also this
如你所见在上面的两个例子中，你可以通过你喜欢的自定数据来记录信息。上面这些例子是在data中的一个“胖”数据结构，你还可以嵌套数据结构来适配你的需要。
在下面的例子中，我们拿到了mgmt_ip的值是10.0.0.16，并且我们重新调整数据结构，把他调整到了mgmt这个key中，这样方便以后的扩展。
%cat filtering_deep_dive/inventory/hosts_extract_alternate.yaml
---
lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local:
hostname: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
groups:
- ios
- lab
- mel
data: # Anything under this key is custom data
ip_addresses:
mgmt: 10.0.0.16 # Alternate way of managing mgmt_ip data
vendor: cisco
device_type: router
os_version: 16.6.4
site_code: mel
随着时间的推移，你需要存储的自定义数据需要改变，理想情况下你会随着业务的增长丰富你的数据。
在下面的例子中，一些关于节点的键/值对关联在location这个key下。这意味着即使一些代码影响现有的数据结构也不需要去重构。
%cat filtering_deep_dive/inventory/groups_extract_alternate.yaml
---
mel:
data: # Anything under this key is custom data
full_name: Melbourne
country: Australia
region: apac
hemisphere: southern
site_type: primary
location: # New location data is stored about the site
address: 1 Wurundjeri Street
suburb: Northcote
zip_code: 3070
View host/group data
在我们返回过滤之前，我们将会展示如何访问哪些可访问的或者归属于host和group的所有数据。
首先，我们将初始化nornir然后过滤一个单独的host lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local：
from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir.core.filter import F
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
# 输出inventory中host的数量
print(f"Number of hosts in entire inventory: {len(nr.inventory.hosts)}")
# 通过标准的python方法访问 host lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
single_host = nr.inventory.hosts['lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local']
# 输出这个host
print(f"Single host: {single_host}")
输出:
Number of hosts in entire inventory: 27
Single host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
# Import the JSON module
import json
# Dump the dictionary, assign to variable
single_host_data = json.dumps(single_host.dict(), indent=2)
# Print seperator
print("=" * 50)
# Print header and host data structure
print(f"Displaying information for host: {single_host}")
print(f"{single_host_data}")
# Print seperator
print("=" * 50)
如上所见，所有相关的数据都可以在后面的代码中查看和使用。无论你使用JSON或者YAML，数据结构是相同的。
下面是一些展示一些key的数据的例子：
print(f"Displaying data for host: {single_host}")
# Access the site_code value, nested under the data key
single_host_site_code = single_host.dict()["data"]["site_code"]
print(f"Site code is: {single_host_site_code}")
# Access the platform value
single_host_platform = single_host.dict()["platform"]
print(f"Platform is: {single_host_platform}")
# Access the os_version value, nested under the data key
single_host_os_version = single_host.dict()["data"]["os_version"]
print(f"OS Version is: {single_host_os_version}")
输出:
Displaying data for host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
Site code is: mel
Platform is: None
OS Version is: 16.6.4
Filtering Types
nornir提供三种类型的过滤能力：
- 通过filter方法实现基础或中级过滤
- 通过F对象实现高级过滤
- 通过filter函数实现高级过滤
大家应该注意到filter方法可以解决的过滤需求F对象都可以解决，但是F对象还可以解决filter方法解决的过滤需求。这个教程会团所两个过滤方法，这样你可以理解他们的使用他们使用的案例、限制、权衡。
Basic Filtering
让我们探索filter方法，它可以用在简单、直接的过滤需求中。我们将重新初始化教程开始时的nornir仓库。
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir.core.filter import F
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
# Informational printouts
print(f"There are {len(nr.inventory.hosts)} hosts in this tutorial inventory.")
print(f"There are {len(nr.inventory.groups)} groups in this tutorial inventory.")
#output
There are 27 hosts in this tutorial inventory.
There are 15 groups in this tutorial inventory.
基础的filter方法允许去过滤主机或主机组的任何键。下面的例子中我们过滤一个单独的主机：
# Assign filter value to a variable for usage
filter_query = "lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local"
# Filter inventory for all hostnames which equal the filter value
target_hosts = nr.filter(hostname=filter_query)
print(f"Filtering entire inventory on {filter_query} ...")
print(f"Total results found: {len(target_hosts.inventory.hosts)}")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Hostname: {data.hostname}"
)
Filtering entire inventory on lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local ...
Total results found: 1
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - Hostname: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local
Host-based basic filters
让我们看一些更有用的案例，我们直接过滤host的属性，例如：
- 通过vendor过滤
- 通过device_type过滤
- 通过mgmt_ip过滤
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
# Use Case 1 - filter hosts by platform
# Assign platform to variable for later usage
platform="junos"
# Execute filter based on platform
target_hosts = nr.filter(platform=platform)
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"The hosts which have platform {platform} are:")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 2 - filter hosts by production equals false
# Assign production equals false to variable for later usage
production = False
# Execute filter based on production
target_hosts = nr.filter(production=production)
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"The hosts which have production boolean value of {production} are:")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Production: {data['production']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 3 - filter hosts by site_type of tertiary
# Assign site_type of secondary to variable for later usage
site_type="secondary"
# Execute filter based on site_type
target_hosts = nr.filter(site_type=site_type)
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"The hosts which have site_type of {site_type} are:")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Site Type: {data['site_type']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(target_hosts.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
#output
==================================================
The hosts which have platform junos are:
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Total: 6
==================================================
==================================================
The hosts which have production boolean value of False are:
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - Production: False
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Total: 18
==================================================
==================================================
The hosts which have site_type of secondary are:
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Site Type: secondary
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Site Type: secondary
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Site Type: secondary
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Site Type: secondary
Total: 4
==================================================
Intermediate filtering
我们可以通过连续过滤的filter方法来细化过滤的结果并且获得指定的设备。
在下面的例子中，我们将通过输出一个过滤的结果，并且把它用于后面的filter中，逐渐地在最后找到一台思科的Christchurch设备。
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
# Filter all devices for Cisco devices
cisco_devices = nr.filter(vendor="cisco")
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All cisco devices")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in cisco_devices.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Vendor: {data['vendor']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(cisco_devices.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Filter all Cisco devices for Cisco switches
cisco_switches = cisco_devices.filter(device_type="switch")
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All cisco switches")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in cisco_switches.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Device Type: {data['device_type']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(cisco_switches.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Filter all Cisco switches for Christchurch switches
chc_cisco_switches = cisco_switches.filter(full_name="Christchurch")
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All Christchuch cisco switches")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in chc_cisco_switches.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} \n"
+ " " * 8 + f"- Vendor: {data['vendor']}\n"
+ " " * 8 + f"- Device Type: {data['device_type']}\n"
+ " " * 8 + f"- Site Name: {data['full_name']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(chc_cisco_switches.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
#output
==================================================
All cisco devices
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Vendor: cisco
Total: 9
==================================================
==================================================
All cisco switches
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Device Type: switch
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local - Device Type: switch
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Device Type: switch
Total: 3
==================================================
==================================================
All Christchuch cisco switches
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local
- Vendor: cisco
- Device Type: switch
- Site Name: Christchurch
Total: 1
Advanced filtering
最强大的过滤方式是通过F对象实现的，正如上面介绍的，F对象可以实现所有形式的过滤。
这一节中我们将介绍:
- F对象的运算符
- F对象的操作符
- filter_func函数
F对象有三个如下所示的运算符：
| 运算符 | 描述 |
|---|---|
| ~ | NOT |
| & | AND |
| | | OR |
在执行的代码中，我们将展示如何使用这些运算符：
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir.core.filter import F
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
# Use Case 1 - NOT operator
# Filter for NOT equals platform of "junos"
not_junos = nr.filter(~F(platform__eq="junos"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All non-junos devices - using NOT operator")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in not_junos.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(not_junos.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 2 - AND operator
# Filter for platform equals "nxos" AND device_type equals "switch"
nxos_switches = nr.filter(F(platform__eq="nxos") & F(device_type__eq="switch"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All nxos switches - using AND operator")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in nxos_switches.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform} "
+ f"- Device Type: {data['device_type']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(nxos_switches.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 3 - OR operator
# Filter for site code equals "ptl" OR site code equals "chc"
ptl_or_chc_devices = nr.filter(
F(site_code__eq="ptl") | F(site_code__eq="chc")
)
print("=" * 50)
print("All ptl or chc site code devices - using OR operator")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in ptl_or_chc_devices.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Site Code: {data['site_code']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(ptl_or_chc_devices.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
#output:
==================================================
All non-junos devices - using NOT operator
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: nxos
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local - Platform: eos
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: nxos_ssh
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: nxos
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Total: 21
==================================================
==================================================
All nxos switches - using AND operator
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: nxos - Device Type: switch
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: nxos - Device Type: switch
Total: 2
==================================================
==================================================
All ptl or chc site code devices - using OR operator
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Site Code: ptl
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Site Code: ptl
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Site Code: ptl
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Site Code: chc
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Site Code: chc
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Site Code: chc
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Site Code: chc
Total: 7
==================================================
F object operations
F对象有如下11种操作符：
| 运算符 | 描述 | 类型 |
|---|---|---|
| eq | 等于 | 字符串、整型 |
| ge | 大于等于 | 整型 |
| gt | 大于 | 整型 |
| le | 小于等于 | 整型 |
| lt | 小于 | 整型 |
| contains | 包含 | 字符串 |
| startswith | 开始于 | 字符串 |
| endswith | 结束于 | 字符串 |
| any | 任何一个之中 | 字符串 |
| has_parent_group | 有一个父组 | 字符串 |
| in | 在其中【感觉和any区别不大】 | 字符串 |
| all | 所有 | 列表 |
在下面的代码重，我们将展示如何使用这些操作符：
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir.core.filter import F
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
# Use Case 1 - eq operation
# Filter for equals platform of "junos"
junos_devices = nr.filter(F(platform__eq="junos"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All junos devices - using eq operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in junos_devices.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(junos_devices.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 2 - ge operation
# Filter for sla greater than or equal to 80
sla_eighty_or_greater = nr.filter(F(sla__ge=80))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices with SLA greater than or equal to 80 - using gt operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in sla_eighty_or_greater.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- SLA: {data['sla']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(sla_eighty_or_greater.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 3 - gt operation
# Filter for sla greater than 79
sla_more_than_seventy_nine = nr.filter(F(sla__gt=79))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices with SLA greater than 79 - using gt operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in sla_more_than_seventy_nine.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- SLA: {data['sla']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(sla_more_than_seventy_nine.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 4 - le operation
# Filter for sla lesser than or equal to 80
sla_eighty_or_lesser = nr.filter(F(sla__le=80))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices with SLA less than or equal to 80 - using le operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in sla_eighty_or_lesser.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- SLA: {data['sla']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(sla_eighty_or_lesser.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 4 - lt operation
# Filter for sla lesser than 80
sla_less_than_eighty = nr.filter(F(sla__lt=80))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices with SLA less than 80 - using lt operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in sla_less_than_eighty.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- SLA: {data['sla']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(sla_less_than_eighty.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
#output
==================================================
All junos devices - using eq operation
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Total: 6
==================================================
==================================================
All devices with SLA greater than or equal to 80 - using gt operation
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Total: 18
==================================================
==================================================
All devices with SLA greater than 79 - using gt operation
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - SLA: 90
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Total: 18
==================================================
==================================================
All devices with SLA less than or equal to 80 - using le operation
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - SLA: 80
Total: 18
==================================================
==================================================
All devices with SLA less than 80 - using lt operation
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - SLA: 70
Total: 9
==================================================
# Use Case 5 - contains operation
# Filter for a platform that contains "nos" in it.
# i.e match "paloalto_panos" or "junos" but not "nxos"
network_nos = nr.filter(F(platform__contains="nos"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices contain 'nos' in platform - using contain operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in network_nos.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(network_nos.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 6 - startswith operation
# Filter for a platform that starts with "am".
# i.e match "amer", "amea" but not "apac"
am_devs = nr.filter(F(region__startswith="am"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices starts with 'am' in region - using startswith operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in am_devs.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data['region']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(am_devs.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 7 - endswith operation
# Filter for a platform that ends with "l".
# i.e match "mtl", "mel" or "ptl", but not "chc", "hbt" or "bcn"
l_site_code_devs = nr.filter(F(site_code__endswith="l"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("All devices ends with 'l' in site code - using endswith operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in l_site_code_devs.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data['site_code']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(l_site_code_devs.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 8 - any operation
# Filter for a platform that is any of elements in our cisco_platforms
# list
cisco_platforms = ["catos", "ios", "iosxe", "iosxr", "nxos"]
cisco_devs = nr.filter(F(platform__any=cisco_platforms))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"All devices which contains {cisco_platforms} - using contains operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in cisco_devs.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(cisco_devs.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 9 - has_parent_group operation
# Filter for any hosts which have the parent group of test
test_devs = nr.filter(F(has_parent_group="test"))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"All devices which has parent group of test - using has_parent_group operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in test_devs.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Production: {data['production']}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(test_devs.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 10 - in operation
# Filter for a platform that is in one of elements in our non_cisco_platforms
# list
# NOTE: Not sure how different this is to the "any" operation in case you
# were wondering too.
non_cisco_platforms = ["eos", "paloalto_panos", "junos"]
non_cisco_devs = nr.filter(F(platform__in=non_cisco_platforms))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"All devices which are in the list {non_cisco_platforms} - using in operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in non_cisco_devs.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Platform: {data.platform}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(non_cisco_devs.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 11 - all operation
# Filter for a device which has all groups
all_groups = ["eos","prod", "mel"]
eos_prod_mel = nr.filter(F(groups__all=all_groups))
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print(f"All devices which all the groups {all_groups} - using all operation")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in eos_prod_mel.inventory.hosts.items():
print(
f"Host: {host} "
+ f"- Groups: {data.groups}"
)
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(eos_prod_mel.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
#output
==================================================
All devices contain 'nos' in platform - using contain operation
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Total: 12
==================================================
==================================================
All devices starts with 'am' in region - using startswith operation
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - Platform: amea
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: amer
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: amer
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: amer
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: amea
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: amea
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: amea
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: amea
Total: 8
==================================================
==================================================
All devices ends with 'l' in site code - using endswith operation
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: mtl
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: mtl
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: mtl
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - Platform: mel
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - Platform: mel
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: ptl
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: ptl
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: ptl
Total: 21
==================================================
==================================================
All devices which contains ['catos', 'ios', 'iosxe', 'iosxr', 'nxos'] - using contains operation
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: nxos
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - Platform: ios
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: nxos
Total: 8
==================================================
==================================================
All devices which has parent group of test - using has_parent_group operation
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Production: False
Total: 9
==================================================
==================================================
All devices which are in the list ['eos', 'paloalto_panos', 'junos'] - using in operation
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local - Platform: eos
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: eos
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local - Platform: paloalto_panos
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local - Platform: junos
Total: 18
==================================================
==================================================
All devices which all the groups ['eos', 'prod', 'mel'] - using all operation
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local - Groups: [Group: eos, Group: prod, Group: mel]
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local - Groups: [Group: eos, Group: prod, Group: mel]
Total: 2
==================================================
Filter functions
Filter函数是一个强的过滤方法，它可以通过一个python脚本来过滤你的nornir主机库。
用这个方法，你可以写复杂的过滤逻辑并在在另外一个函数种管理，并且当你需要时调用它。
在这个用例中我们将介绍一些用正则表达式分析hostname的案例，然后再其他的函数中调用。这只是很多用途中的一种，希望它可以帮助你激发想象力。
# Import modules
from nornir import InitNornir
from nornir.core.filter import F
import re
# Initialise nornir
nr = InitNornir(config_file="filtering_deep_dive/config.yaml")
"""
Below are some example filter functions, which we will call in later functions
"""
def even_device_naming_convention(host):
"""
Helper filter function to filter hosts based targeting
host names which have even number names.
Examples:
- lab-junos-08.prd.norn.local
- lab-arista-22.tst.norn.local
- lab-nxos-64.lab.norn.local
:param host: The host you want to filter on
:return bool: True if it matches, False if it doesn't match
"""
# Perform regex match on host name and return boolean
if re.match(".+\-[0-9][2,4,6,8,0].+", host.name):
return True
else:
return False
def device_name_convention(host):
"""
Helper filter function to filter hosts based targeting
host names which a specified naming convention
Examples:
- lab-junos-08.tst.norn.local
- lab-arista-22.prd.norn.local
- lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local
:param host: The host you want to filter on
:return bool: True if it matches, False if it doesn't match
"""
# Perform regex match on host name and return boolean
if re.match("\w{3}\-\w+\-\d{2}.\w{3}.norn.local", host.name):
return True
else:
return False
def non_device_name_convention(host):
"""
Helper filter function to filter hosts based targeting
host names which do NOT match a specified naming convention
Examples:
- lab-junos-08.tstt.norn.local
- dfjt-arista-22.prd.norn.local
- lab-nxos-001.lab.nron.local
:param host: The host you want to filter on
:return bool: True if does not match, False if it matches the convention
"""
# Perform regex match on host name and return boolean
if re.match("\w{3}\-\w+\-\d{2}.\w{3}.norn.local", host.name):
return False
else:
return True
def filter_functions(nr):
"""
An example of wrapping filter functions to retrieve some more complex
filtering queries.
Three use cases are shown:
- Use Case 1 - Filter inventory for "even" numbered devices.
- Use Case 2 - Filter inventory for device which meet
the naming convention.
- Use Case 3 - Filter inventory for device which DO NOT meet
the naming convention.
:param nr: An initialised Nornir inventory, used for processing.
"""
# We use the 'filter_func' option to run our entire inventory through the python
# function called 'even_device_naming_convention'
even_device_name_hosts = nr.filter(filter_func=even_device_naming_convention)
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("The hosts which match the even device naming convention are:")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in even_device_name_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(f"Host: {host} ")
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(even_device_name_hosts.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 2 - Devices which match the naming convention
# We use the 'filter_func' option to run our entire inventory through the python
# function called 'device_name_convention'
compliant_naming_convention_hosts = nr.filter(filter_func=device_name_convention)
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("The hosts which match the device naming convention are:")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in compliant_naming_convention_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(f"Host: {host} ")
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(compliant_naming_convention_hosts.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Use Case 2 - Devices which DO NOT match the naming convention
# We use the 'filter_func' option to run our entire inventory through the python
# function called 'non_device_name_convention'
non_compliant_naming_convention_hosts = nr.filter(filter_func=non_device_name_convention)
# Print seperator and header
print("=" * 50)
print("The hosts which DO NOT match the device naming convention are:")
# Iterate over filtered results and printout information
for host, data in non_compliant_naming_convention_hosts.inventory.hosts.items():
print(f"Host: {host} ")
# Print total and seperator
print(f"Total: {len(non_compliant_naming_convention_hosts.inventory.hosts.items())}")
print("=" * 50)
# Call wrapper function
filter_functions(nr)
#output
==================================================
The hosts which match the even device naming convention are:
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local
Total: 9
==================================================
==================================================
The hosts which match the device naming convention are:
Host: lab-arista-01.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-arista-02.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-junos-01.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-nxos-01.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-paloalto-02.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-junos-06.lab.norn.local
Host: prd-csr-01.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-arista-01.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-junos-01.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-nxos-01.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-paloalto-01.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-paloalto-02.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-junos-06.prd.norn.local
Host: tst-csr-01.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-arista-01.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-junos-01.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-nxos-01.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-paloalto-01.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-paloalto-02.tst.norn.local
Host: tst-junos-06.tst.norn.local
Total: 20
==================================================
==================================================
The hosts which DO NOT match the device naming convention are:
Host: lab-csr-011.lab.norn.local
Host: dfjt-r001.lab.norn.local
Host: lab-paloalto-01.lab.djft.local
Host: dfjt-r001.prd.norn.local
Host: prd-arista-02.prd.nron.local
Host: dfjt-r001.tst.norn.local
Host: tstt-arista-02.tst.norn.local
Total: 7
==================================================
Conclusion
感谢已经关注这个教程。如果你已经阅读完了，我确定你会同意nornir过滤的强大和
无限可能性。
我们基本覆盖了基础、中级和高级的过滤通过网络自动化的一些用例。希望可以给你一些撬动这个feature上的想法和灵感。
