Spring Boot快速入门之(四):Tomcat 部署

2020-08-10  本文已影响0人  码者无疆

【注】本文译自:https://www.tutorialspoint.com/spring_boot/spring_boot_tomcat_deployment.htm

    使用 Spring Boot 应用,我们可以创建一个 war 文件部署到 web 服务器中。本文讲解如何创建 war 文件并将 Spring Boot 应用部署到 Tomcat web 服务器中。

Spring Boot Servlet 初始化器

    传统的部署方式是将 Spring Boot 应用中 @SpringBootApplication 注解的类扩展自 SpringBootServletInitializer 类。Spring Boot Servlet Initializer 类文件允许你在使用 Servlet 窗口启动时配置应用。

    用于 JAR 文件部署的 Spring Boot 应用类文件示例如下:

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication

public class DemoApplication {

   public static void main(String[] args) {

      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);

   }

}

    我们需要扩展类 SpringBootServletInitializer 以支持 WAR 文件部署。对应的 Spring Boot 应用类文件如下:

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

@SpringBootApplication

public class DemoApplication  extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

   @Override

   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {

      return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);

   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {

      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);

   }

}

设置主类

    在 Spring Boot 中,我们需要在构件文件中指定主类。可使用下面的代码片段:

    对于 Maven,在 pom.xml 中增加启动类属性,如下所示:

<start-class>com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>

    对于Gradle,在 build.gradle 中加入主类名,如下所示:

mainClassName="com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication"

更新 JAR 包到 WAR 中

    我们还要用下面的代码片段更新 JAR 包到 WAR 中:

    对于 Maven,pom.xml 中打包 WAR 的插件如下:

<packaging>war</packaging>

    对于 Gradle,在 build.gradle中加上 应用和 war 插件,如下所示:

apply plugin: ‘war’

apply plugin: ‘application’

   现在,让我们编写一个简单的 Rest 端点,返回 “Hello World from Tomcat” 字符串。要编写 Rest Endpoint,我们要在构建文件中加上 Spring Boot web starter 依赖。

   对于 Maven,在 pom.xml 中加上 Spring Boot starter 依赖,如下所示:

<dependency>

  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>

   对于 Gradle,在 build.gradle 中加上 Spring Boot starter 依赖,如下所示:

dependencies {

  compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')

}

   现在,在 Spring Boot 应用类文件中编写 Rest 端点,示例代码如下:

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication

@RestController

public class DemoApplication extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

   @Override

   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {

      return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);

   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {

      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);

   }

   @RequestMapping(value = "/")

   public String hello() {

      return "Hello World from Tomcat";

   }

}

打包应用

   如下所示,使用Maven 或 Gradle 命令将应用打包成 WAR 文件以部署到 Tomcat 服务器:

   对于 Maven,用 mvn package 来打包应用。之后,会创建一个 WAR 文件,可以在 target 目录下找到它,如下图:

   对于 Gradle,用 gradle clean build 来打包应用。之后,会创建一个 WAR 文件,可以在build/libs 目录下找到它,如下图:

部署到 Tomcat

   现在,运行 Tomcat 服务器,在webapps目录下部署 WAR 文件,如下图所示:

   部署成功之后,在web 浏览器中敲入 http://localhost:8080/demo-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT/,屏幕截图如下:

    全部代码如下:

    pom.xml

<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"

   xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation = "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

   <groupId>com.tutorialspoint</groupId>

   <artifactId>demo</artifactId>

   <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

   <packaging>war</packaging>

   <name>demo</name>

   <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

   <parent>

      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>

      <version>1.5.8.RELEASE</version>

      <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->

   </parent>

   <properties>

      <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>

      <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>

      <java.version>1.8</java.version>

      <start-class>com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication</start-class>

   </properties>

   <dependencies>

      <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>

      </dependency>

      <dependency>

         <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

         <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>

         <scope>test</scope>

      </dependency>

   </dependencies>

   <build>

      <plugins>

         <plugin>

            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>

            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>

         </plugin>

      </plugins>

   </build>

</project>

    build.gradle

buildscript {

   ext {

      springBootVersion = '1.5.8.RELEASE'

   }

   repositories {

      mavenCentral()

   }

dependencies {

      classpath("org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-gradle-plugin:${springBootVersion}")

   }

}

apply plugin: 'java'

apply plugin: 'eclipse'

apply plugin: 'org.springframework.boot'

apply plugin: 'war'

apply plugin: 'application'

group = 'com.tutorialspoint'

version = '0.0.1-SNAPSHOT'

sourceCompatibility = 1.8

mainClassName = "com.tutorialspoint.demo.DemoApplication"

repositories {

   mavenCentral()

}

dependencies {

   compile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web')

   testCompile('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test')

}

    主 Spring Boot 应用类文件如下:

package com.tutorialspoint.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.builder.SpringApplicationBuilder;

import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.support.SpringBootServletInitializer;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@SpringBootApplication

@RestController

public class DemoApplication  extends SpringBootServletInitializer {

   @Override

   protected SpringApplicationBuilder configure(SpringApplicationBuilder application) {

      return application.sources(DemoApplication.class);

   }

   public static void main(String[] args) {

      SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args);

   }

   @RequestMapping(value = "/")

   public String hello() {

      return "Hello World from Tomcat";

   }

}

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