Android适配Android 9

一、网络适配

从Android6.0开始google就建议使用https，不过你可以不鸟他继续使用http，但是从Android 9开始你就不得不鸟他了，因为http访问不了了。

1. 在res中新建xml文件夹

2.新建xml文件network_security_config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <base-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true"/>
<domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
    <!--IP01-->
    <domain includeSubdomains="true">xx.xx.xx.xxx</domain>
    <!--IP02-->
    <domain includeSubdomains="true">xx.xx.xxx.xx</domain>
    <!--IP03-->
    <domain includeSubdomains="true">xx.xx.xx.xx</domain>
    <!--bugly-->
    <domain includeSubdomains="true">android.bugly.qq.com</domain>
</domain-config>
</network-security-config>

3.修改AndroidManifest.xml

    <application
        ...
        android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
        ...
        >

二、权限适配

Android9之前在AndroidManifest.xml配置权限就可以了，但是Android 9开始只配置不行了，需要动态询问用户同不同意，用户不同意你配置10遍都没用。

1.新建java class工具类PermissionHelper

package com.example.jizhigang.crm_android_j.utils;

import android.Manifest;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.support.annotation.NonNull;
import android.support.v4.app.ActivityCompat;
import android.support.v4.content.ContextCompat;
import android.util.Log;

import com.example.jizhigang.crm_android_j.base.activity.BaseActivity;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class PermissionHelper extends BaseActivity {


    Context _context;
    Activity _activity;

    public PermissionHelper( Context _context, Activity _activity ) {
        this._context = _context;
        this._activity = _activity;
    }

    private List<String> unPermissionList = new ArrayList<String>(); //申请未得到授权的权限列表
    private String[] permissionList = new String[]{    //申请的权限列表
            Manifest.permission.INTERNET,
            Manifest.permission.READ_CALL_LOG,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE,
            Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
            Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE,
            Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR, //读写日历的权限
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR
    };


    //权限判断和申请
    public void checkPermission() {
        unPermissionList.clear();//清空申请的没有通过的权限
        //逐个判断是否还有未通过的权限
        for (int i = 0; i < permissionList.length; i++) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(_context, permissionList[i]) !=
                    PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                unPermissionList.add(permissionList[i]);//添加还未授予的权限到unPermissionList中
            }
        }

        //有权限没有通过，需要申请
        if (unPermissionList.size() > 0) {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions( _activity,permissionList, 100);
            Log.i("TAG", "check 有权限未通过");
        } else {
            //权限已经都通过了，可以将程序继续打开了
            Log.i("TAG", "check 权限都已经申请通过");
        }
    }


    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult( int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults ) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

}

2.使用方法

在BaseActivity.java中调用

    @Override
    protected void onCreate( Bundle savedInstanceState ) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        //检查权限
        PermissionHelper permissionHelper = new PermissionHelper(this, BaseActivity.this);
        permissionHelper.checkPermission();
    }

三、麦克风

你在配置麦克风权限以后可以正常使用麦克风，但是Android 9为了进一步保护用户隐私规定在app休眠之后就不可以使用麦克风了，我在开发中遇到了这个问题，app退到后台的50秒之后录音文件没有了内容，下面提供解决方法

1、新建service文件

public class NotificationService extends Service {
    private static final String TAG = "NotificationService";
    private NotificationManager notificationManager;
    //通知的唯一标识号。
    private int NOTIFICATION = R.string.notification_live_start;


    @Override
    public void onCreate() {
        super.onCreate();
        notificationManager = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        showNotification();
    }

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);
    }

    private void showNotification(){
        // PendingIntent如果用户选择此通知，则启动我们的活动
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this,0,new Intent(this,NotificationService.class),0);


        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.O){
            String channelId = createNotificationChannel("my_service","My Background Service");
            //设置通知面板中显示的视图的信息。
            Notification notification =new Notification.Builder(this,channelId)
                    .setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher)
                    .setTicker("正在通话")
                    .setContentTitle(getText(R.string.notification_live_start))
                    .setContentTitle("正在运行")
                    .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
                    .build();

            Log.d(TAG,"显示通知");
            //发送通知
            notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION,notification);
            startForeground(R.string.notification_live_start,notification);
        }else {
            //设置通知面板中显示的视图的信息。
            Notification notification =new Notification.Builder(this).setSmallIcon(R.mipmap.ic_launcher).setTicker("正在通话")
                    .setContentTitle(getText(R.string.notification_live_start))
                    .setContentTitle("正在运行")
                    .setContentIntent(pendingIntent)
                    .build();

            Log.d(TAG,"显示通知");
            //发送通知
            notificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION,notification);
            startForeground(R.string.notification_live_start,notification);
        }




    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.O)
    private String createNotificationChannel( String channelId, String channelName){
        NotificationChannel channel = new NotificationChannel(channelId,channelName,NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_NONE);
        channel.setLightColor(Color.BLUE);
        channel.setLockscreenVisibility(Notification.VISIBILITY_PRIVATE);
        NotificationManager nm = (NotificationManager)getSystemService(NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
        nm.createNotificationChannel(channel);
        return channelId;
    }

    @RequiresApi(api = Build.VERSION_CODES.N)
    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        notificationManager.cancel(NOTIFICATION);
    }
}

2、使用方法

开始录音时启动

            //适配Android 9 app退到后台休眠时不能调用麦克风的问题
            Intent intent = new Intent(mContext,NotificationService.class);
            mContext.startService(intent);

录音结束时关闭

            //适配Android 9 app退到后台休眠时不能调用麦克风的问题
            Intent intent = new Intent(mContext,NotificationService.class);
            mContext.stopService(intent);

参考文章
mp3Recorder
https://github.com/GavinCT/AndroidMP3Recorder
Bad notification for startForeground错误解决
https://www.jianshu.com/p/8baa62c5bfc2
android9.0 程序置入后台或休眠麦克风不工作解决方法
https://blog.csdn.net/Crazy9599/article/details/89842280