数据结构信息学竞赛题解(IO题解)

BZOJ-3110: [Zjoi2013]K大数查询 题解(树状

2018-10-03  本文已影响10人  AmadeusChan

题目:http://www.lydsy.com/JudgeOnline/problem.php?id=3110

思路:用树状数组套线段树求解。

首先,将所有操作离线,然后对要插入的所有数进行离散化,然后每个树状数组节点上建议一棵维护权值的线段树,线段树节点[l,r]维护的即是排名从l到r的数的数目。然后用主席树的方法进行查询第K最值,用处理树状数组区间加的方法(https://www.jianshu.com/p/b93b3a55d21e)处理前缀和。最后,由于每个节点都建立一棵完整的线段树会超时超空间,所以线段树要动态建树,最开始树状数组的索引数组上都是一个空节点,在需要修改的时候才拓展出其他要修改用的线段树节点,这样就将总空间复杂度从O(n^2)降到了O(n log n),时间复杂度也降到了O(n log^2 n),可以通过此题。

代码:

#include <cstdio>

#include <algorithm>

#include <cstring>

#include <cstdlib>

   

using namespace std;

   

#define MAXN 50001

#define lowbit(x)(((~(x))+1)&x)

#define MAXM 20

   

int d[MAXN],a[MAXN],b[MAXN],c[MAXN];

int N,M,m=0,R=0;

int r[MAXN];

int MM[MAXN];

   

struct saver {

    int v,t;

} w[MAXN];

   

bool cmp(saver x,saver y){

    return x.v>y.v;

}

   

struct node {

    int l,r,s;

    node *left,*right;

    node (){

        left=right=NULL;

    }

};

   

node *t0[MAXN],*t1[MAXN];

   

void Build(int l,int r,node *t){

    t->l=l;

    t->r=r;

    t->s=0;

    if (l==r) return ;

    Build(l,(l+r)>>1,t->left=new(node));

    Build(((l+r)>>1)+1,r,t->right=new(node));

}

   

void Add(int x,int y,node *t){

    t->s+=y;

    if (t->l==t->r) return ;

    int mid=(t->l+t->r)>>1;

    if (x<=mid){

        if (!t->left){

            t->left=new(node);

            t->left->l=t->l;

            t->left->r=mid;

            t->left->s=0;

        }

        Add(x,y,t->left);

    } else {

        if (!t->right){

            t->right=new(node);

            t->right->l=mid+1;

            t->right->r=t->r;

            t->right->s=0;

        }

        Add(x,y,t->right);

    }

}

   

int main(){

    scanf("%d%d",&N,&M);

    for (int i=0;i++<M;){

        scanf("%d%d%d%d",&d[i],&a[i],&b[i],&c[i]);

        if (d[i]==1){

            w[m].v=c[i];

            w[m++].t=i;

        }

    }

    sort(w,w+m,cmp);

    r[w[0].t]=1;

    MM[1]=w[0].v;

    R=1;

    for (int i=1;i<m;i++){

        if (w[i].v!=w[i-1].v)

            MM[++R]=w[i].v;

        r[w[i].t]=R;

    }

    memset(t0,0,sizeof(t0));

    memset(t1,0,sizeof(t1));

    Build(1,R,t0[0]=new(node));

    Build(1,R,t1[0]=new(node));

    for (int i=0;i++<N;){

        t0[i]=new(node);

        t0[i]->l=1;

        t0[i]->r=R;

        t0[i]->s=0;

        t1[i]=new(node);

        t1[i]->l=1;

        t1[i]->r=R;

        t1[i]->s=0;

    }

    for (int I=0;I++<M;){

        if (d[I]==1){

            int i=a[I];

            while (i<=N){

                Add(r[I],1,t0[i]);

                Add(r[I],a[I],t1[i]);

                i+=lowbit(i);

            }

            i=b[I]+1;

            while (i<=N){

                Add(r[I],-1,t0[i]);

                Add(r[I],-b[I]-1,t1[i]);

                i+=lowbit(i);

            }

        } else {

            node *c1[MAXM],*c2[MAXM],*c3[MAXM],*c4[MAXM];

            int m1=0,m2=0;

            int i=b[I];

            while (i){

                c1[++m1]=t0[i];

                c2[m1]=t1[i];

                i-=lowbit(i);

            }

            i=a[I]-1;

            while (i){

                c3[++m2]=t0[i];

                c4[m2]=t1[i];

                i-=lowbit(i);

            }

            node *t=t0[0];

            while (t->l!=t->r){

                long long sum1=0,sum2=0;

                for (int i=0;i++<m1;){

                    if (c1[i]) {

                        if (c1[i]->left) sum1+=(b[I]+1)*c1[i]->left->s;

                    }

                    if (c2[i]) {

                        if (c2[i]->left) sum1-=c2[i]->left->s;

                    }

                }

                for (int i=0;i++<m2;){

                    if (c3[i]) {

                        if (c3[i]->left) sum2+=a[I]*c3[i]->left->s;

                    }

                    if (c4[i]) {

                        if (c4[i]->left) sum2-=c4[i]->left->s;

                    }

                }

                long long sum=sum1-sum2;

                if (sum>=c[I]) {

                    t=t->left;

                    for (int i=0;i++<m1;){

                        if (c1[i]) c1[i]=c1[i]->left;

                        if (c2[i]) c2[i]=c2[i]->left;

                    }

                    for (int i=0;i++<m2;){

                        if (c3[i]) c3[i]=c3[i]->left;

                        if (c4[i]) c4[i]=c4[i]->left;

                    }

                } else {

                    c[I]-=sum;

                    t=t->right;

                    for (int i=0;i++<m1;){

                        if (c1[i]) c1[i]=c1[i]->right;

                        if (c2[i]) c2[i]=c2[i]->right;

                    }

                    for (int i=0;i++<m2;){

                        if (c3[i]) c3[i]=c3[i]->right;

                        if (c4[i]) c4[i]=c4[i]->right;

                    }

                }

            }

            printf("%d\n",MM[t->l]);

        }

    }

    return 0;

}

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