构建网络

增加 Conv2D+MaxPooling2D 的组合，既可以增大网络容量，也可以进一步减小特征图的尺寸，使其在连接 Flatten 层时尺寸不会太大。
注意： 网络中特征图的深度在逐渐增大（从 32 增大到 128），而特征图的尺寸在逐渐减小（从150×150 减小到 7×7）。这几乎是所有卷积神经网络的模式。

将猫狗分类的小型神经网络实例化

# 将猫狗分类的小型神经网络实例化
from keras import layers
from keras import models
model = models.Sequential()
model.add(layers.Conv2D(32, (3, 3), activation='relu',
input_shape=(150, 150, 3)))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(64, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Conv2D(128, (3, 3), activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.MaxPooling2D((2, 2)))
model.add(layers.Flatten())
model.add(layers.Dense(512, activation='relu'))
model.add(layers.Dense(1, activation='sigmoid'))
print(model.summary())

Using TensorFlow backend.
_________________________________________________________________
Layer (type)                 Output Shape              Param #   
=================================================================
conv2d_1 (Conv2D)            (None, 148, 148, 32)      896       
_________________________________________________________________
max_pooling2d_1 (MaxPooling2 (None, 74, 74, 32)        0         
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_2 (Conv2D)            (None, 72, 72, 64)        18496     
_________________________________________________________________
max_pooling2d_2 (MaxPooling2 (None, 36, 36, 64)        0         
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_3 (Conv2D)            (None, 34, 34, 128)       73856     
_________________________________________________________________
max_pooling2d_3 (MaxPooling2 (None, 17, 17, 128)       0         
_________________________________________________________________
conv2d_4 (Conv2D)            (None, 15, 15, 128)       147584    
_________________________________________________________________
max_pooling2d_4 (MaxPooling2 (None, 7, 7, 128)         0         
_________________________________________________________________
flatten_1 (Flatten)          (None, 6272)              0         
_________________________________________________________________
dense_1 (Dense)              (None, 512)               3211776   
_________________________________________________________________
dense_2 (Dense)              (None, 1)                 513       
=================================================================
Total params: 3,453,121
Trainable params: 3,453,121
Non-trainable params: 0