语言·翻译

家有老人?你要帮助他们寻找生活积极面

2017-11-17  本文已影响0人  英语漫途

01 迟暮之年

你有多久没有跟父母坐在一起聊天了,还能想起小时候依偎在母亲身边听故事的场景吗?

谈到老人的话题,恐怕我们现代社会讨论最热烈的是父母的缺陷,我们会讨论父母教育的失败,会探讨父母社会地位给我们带来的阶层阻碍,还会谈论父母的道德绑架。

确实父母们身上或多或少存在着各种问题,但作为社会人,哪个人不存在问题呢,有的问题可能出于遗传基因,有些问题来自于社会环境的制约。

父母给予我们生命,在我们尚没有自理能力的时候为我们遮风挡雨,这已经足够了。因为,我们至少已经拥有了生存下去的机会,至于生存的好不好应该由我们的双手缔造。

今天的故事主人公是一位空巢老人:随着儿子的成家立业,她内心的空虚感愈演愈烈,她知道所有问题的根源在于告别过去儿子为中心的生活,但是却苦于无法下定决心开始新生活

我们来看看,在美女博士的帮助下,她做了哪些改变来开始新生活的。

02 故事——善用激励制度,走出犹豫的阴霾

Nancy, whose youngest son had graduated from college nearly a decade earlier, had a problem with her empty nest. It wasn’t empty. She had turned her son’s old bedroom into the “spare” room, and over the years, it had become more like a salvage yard. Anytime she didn’t know where to put something, into the spare room it went. She wanted to clean it out and turn it into a guest room, not a room she had to hide from visitors. And yet every time she opened the door, she was overwhelmed.

自小儿子10年前大学毕业开始,南希就发现自己成为了空巢老人。

实际上,空巢并不空,南希把小儿子的空卧室改造成了储藏室,几年来,这个房间存放的东西越来越多,慢慢成了仓库。

凡是不确定摆放处的物品,南希都会放进这个仓库。

我的天,我想起了外婆去世时满满一屋的纪念品,那些象征我母亲,舅舅们成长轨迹的物件。美则美矣,一窝耗子的光顾却让人大倒胃口。

南希显然也意识到了隐患。

她曾经想把房间整理出来做个会客厅,她不想再沉迷于对过去的无限怀念中,不想再把这个房间做为逃避的借口。

但是,每每打开房间门,她的决心就会被满满的记忆打败。

Cleaning out the room became her class willpower challenge, but it wasn’t until we hit on the promise of reward that Nancy found her way in. She was inspired by a study that combined Christmas music with holiday scents to increase shoppers’ enjoyment and desire to stay in a store. For many people, a little Ho-Ho-Ho plus the smell of fresh fir trees brings up memories of the most wonderful “promise of reward” we have ever experienced: waking up on Christmas morning to a pile of presents.

于是,南希带着自己的挑战任务寻求美女博士的帮忙。

她们一起尝试各种办法,失败了好几次,最后终于找到了行之有效的解决方式——利用奖励制度。

这个办法其实来自于一个研究:圣诞节的时候,为了留住顾客,创造好的用户体验,各大商场会播放圣诞音乐,营造各种节日氛围。

对很多人来说,圣诞老人吼吼吼的笑声,枞树散发出的清新气味一下子就能引起美好回忆(这种回忆其实是一种奖励制度)。

为什么说这是一种奖励制度呢,想想看,在圣诞节那天,人们早上起床的动力是什么,是对圣诞树下一堆礼物的期盼。

Nancy decided to bring out her holiday music and candles (conveniently enough, stored in the spare room!) to get her through the task of cleaning. Though she’d been dreading it, she actually enjoyed working on the room in small bursts. The overwhelm was worse than the actual process, and the holly, jolly dopamine helped her find the motivation to get started.

南希于是决定找到自己的节日音乐和蜡烛,营造打扫房间的氛围。(其实东西就在储藏间,拿出来很方便)

虽然过程中她还是会经历痛苦犹豫,但有好几个瞬间,她品尝到了收拾房间的乐趣。

实际上,真实的任务操作并没有那么痛苦,让我们煎熬的往往是痛苦的情绪。

南希利用大脑中分泌的多巴胺制造了行动动力,开启了新生活。

03  语言分析

1.Anytime she didn’t know where to put something, into the spare room it went.

只要她不明确某个物品的摆放地,她就会把这个物品放到储藏室。

anytime=whenever,无论何时,引领时间状语从句。

特殊疑问词(when ,where, how)+ to do something = 特殊疑问词+ 主语+  do something.

Into the spare room it went是倒装语序,正常语序应该是,it went into the spare room, 把地点前置的目的是强调spare room的用途,与上文衔接。

2.Cleaning out the room became her class willpower challenge, but it wasn’t until we hit on the promise of reward that Nancy found her way in.

打扫屋子成为了她的意志力挑战任务,我们一起尝试各种办法,失败了好几次,最后终于找到了行之有效的解决方式——利用奖励制度。

看到but快速判断是个并列复合句,逗号前是一个句子,逗号后是另外一个。

前半句核心结构是,cleaning out became ....,  后半句的核心结构是,it wasn’t until  that....重点来看看后半句, not until 要快速找到,表示直到。。。才。。。

我们又一次看到了it,分析一下它指代了什么,经过寻找,发现指代的是that引导的从句,我们还原一下句子, Nancy didn’t  her way in  until we hit ...., 这里用it的目的是凸显hit  on the promise of reward的意义。

3.Nancy decided to bring out her holiday music and candles (conveniently enough, stored in the spare room!) to get her through the task of cleaning.

南希于是决定找到自己的节日音乐和蜡烛,营造打扫房间的氛围。(其实东西就在储藏间,拿出来很方便)

我们要借用bring out复习一下介词的优势, out代表的方向是向外,bring指带来,放在一起代表将某种特质展现出来,而这种特质平时是看不到的。

Get through 表示经历整个过程,through代表的是从一边贯穿到另一边。

4.Though she’d been dreading it, she actually enjoyed working on the room in small bursts.

虽然过程中她还是会经历痛苦犹豫,但有好几个瞬间,她品尝到了收拾房间的乐趣。

though或者although引领让步从句,she’d been dreading it里面,‘ d是had 的缩写,had been dreading 是be dreading 的过去完成时,到过去某个时间一直都在经历痛苦。

enjoy doing something表示喜欢做某件事。

in small bursts是个非常优秀的表达方式,表示一长段时间里面的某些个瞬间,想想看burst这个词的准确度。

04故事与我何干

越长大越孤单,人老了这种孤单感尤其强烈,所以,很多老年人的各种心理问题都应该从解决孤单感着手。

增加社会融入感才能让他们幸福的安享晚年,从而减少钱财被骗的悲剧,减少原生家庭和新生家庭的矛盾,减少隔代教育的摩擦。

如果你还在为父母的问题困扰,你可以尝试南希的方法,创造氛围建立激励制度,让父母内心深处找到开始新生活的动力。

朱自清的《背影》总是在我的脑海里闪现:

我看见他戴着黑布小帽,穿着黑布大马褂,深青布棉袄,蹒跚地走到铁道边,慢慢探身下去,尚不大难。可是他穿过铁道,要爬上那边月台,就不容易了。他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾,显出努力的样子。这时我看见他的背影,我的泪很快地流下来了。

05 延伸阅读

It’s clear that we need the promise of reward to keep us interested and engaged in life. If we’re lucky, our reward systems won’t stop serving us in this way—but hopefully, they also won’t turn against us either. We live in a world of technology, advertisements, and twenty-four-hour opportunities that leave us always wanting and rarely satisfied. If we are to have any self-control, we need to separate the real rewards that give our lives meaning from the false rewards that keep us distracted and addicted. Learning to make this distinction may be the best we can do. This isn’t always easy, but understanding what’s happening in the brain can make it a little easier.

奖励制度有好处也有好处,既能帮助我们对抗拖延,也能给自己借口放纵,所以,在使用奖励制度的时候,我们要具备火眼睛睛,区分出什么是真正有利于自己的发展的。

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