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Docker 构建 Hadoop 2.7.2 集群

2020-06-12  本文已影响0人  孙瑞锴

1. 借鉴

解决docker容器不能自动加载环境变量问题
基于docker搭建hadoop集群环境中遇到的一些问题

2. 开始

我们的集群规划如下：

hadoop01[172.173.16.10] hadoop02[172.173.16.11] hadoop03[172.173.16.12]
HDFS NameNode
DataNode		 DataNode SecondaryNameNode
DataNode
YARN NodeManager ResourceManager
NodeManager		 NodeManager
PORT 22，9000，50070 22 22

镜像准备

  1. docker hub 下载
  docker pull caiserkaiser/centos-ssh
  1. 构建
    caiser/centos-ssh:7.8 镜像

创建自定义网络

Docker 网络操作

docker network create -d bridge --subnet "172.173.16.0/24" --gateway "172.173.16.1"  datastore_net

启动容器

docker run -it -d --network datastore_net --ip 172.173.16.10 --name hadoop01 caiser/centos-ssh:7.8

下载并配置hadoop

  1. 下载hadoop

  2. 拷贝到容器内

    docker cp ~/Downloads/hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz c446857be6c0:/opt/envs

  3. 配置hadoop环境变量

    a. 解压

    tar -zxvf hadoop-2.7.2.tar.gz

    b. 编写 /etc/profile

    vi /etc/profile

    c. 配置

    export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin
export PATH=$PATH:$HADOOP_HOME/bin

    d. 使生效

    source /etc/profile

    e. 复制到~/.bashrc目录

    cat /etc/profile >> ~/.bashrc

    f. 使生效

    source ~/.bashrc

hadoop-HDFS配置

core-site.xml

  1. 备份

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml.bak

  2. 编辑core-site.xml

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml

  3. 根据我们上面的规划进行配置

    <!-- 指定HDFS中NameNode的地址 -->
<property>
     <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
     <value>hdfs://hadoop01:9000</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定Hadoop运行时产生的临时文件的存储目录 -->
<property>
     <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
     <value>/opt/datas/tmp</value>
</property>

hadoop-env.sh

  1. 备份

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh.bak

  2. 编辑hadoop-env.sh

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh

  3. 配置java home
    a. 找到下面这两行

    # The java implementation to use.
export JAVA_HOME=${JAVA_HOME}

    b. 然后替换为以下

    export JAVA_HOME=/opt/envs/jdk1.8.0_251

hdfs-site.xml

  1. 备份

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml.bak

  2. 编辑hdfs-site.xml

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml

  3. 根据我们的规划进行配置

     <!-- 设置数据副本数量 -->
 <property>
     <name>dfs.replication</name>
     <value>3</value>
 </property>
 <!-- 设置Hadoop Second NameNode的地址-->
 <property>
     <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
     <value>hadoop03:50090</value>
 </property>

hadoop-YARN配置

yarn-site.xml

  1. 备份

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml.bak

  2. 编辑yarn-site.xml

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

  3. 根据我们上面的规划进行配置

    <!-- 指定Reducer 获取数据的方式 -->
<property>
     <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
     <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
</property>
<!-- 指定YARN中ResourceManager的地址 -->
<property>
     <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
     <value>hadoop02</value>
</property>

yarn-env.sh

  1. 备份

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh.bak

  2. 编辑yarn-env.sh

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/yarn-env.sh

  3. 配置java home
    a. 找到下面这两行

    # some Java parameters
# export JAVA_HOME=/home/y/libexec/jdk1.6.0/

    b. 然后替换为以下

    export JAVA_HOME=/opt/envs/jdk1.8.0_251

hadoop-MapReduce配置

mapred-site.xml

  1. 备份[本身有template]

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

  2. 编辑mapred-site.xml

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-site.xml

  3. 根据我们上面的规划进行配置

    <!-- 指定MapReduce 运行在YARN上-->
<property>
     <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
     <value>yarn</value>
</property>

mapred-env.sh

  1. 备份

    cp /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-env.sh /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-env.sh.bak

  2. 编辑mapred-env.sh

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/mapred-env.sh

  3. 配置java home
    a. 找到下面这一行

    # export JAVA_HOME=/home/y/libexec/jdk1.6.0/

    b. 然后替换为以下

    export JAVA_HOME=/opt/envs/jdk1.8.0_251

hadoop-节点配置

  1. 编辑/etc/hosts，并添加以下hostname

    172.173.16.10   hadoop01
172.173.16.11   hadoop02
172.173.16.12   hadoop03

  2. 编辑slaves

    vi /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/slaves

  3. 配置节点[没有空格，空行]

    hadoop01
hadoop02
hadoop03

安装which

好吧，这是我在后面format namenode的时候出现的问题，所以在这里最好是装一下，否则，后面每台机器都得运行一遍

yum install which

保存为镜像并移除容器

docker commit c446857be6c0 caiser/hadoop:2.7.2
docker rm c446857be6c0

启动容器

docker run -it -d --network datastore_net --ip 172.173.16.10 --name hadoop01 caiser/hadoop:2.7.2 bin/bash

docker run -it -d --network datastore_net --ip 172.173.16.11 --name hadoop02 caiser/hadoop:2.7.2 bin/bash

docker run -it -d --network datastore_net --ip 172.173.16.12 --name hadoop03 caiser/hadoop:2.7.2 bin/bash

配置ssh免密登录

  1. 进入容器

    docker exec -it hadoop01 /bin/bash

  2. 到~/.ssh目录下生成秘钥

    ssh-keygen -t rsa

  3. 拷贝秘钥到hadoop01，hadoop02和hadoop03

    a.[如果没开启]三个容器没有开启ssh服务[ps -ef | grep ssh]，需要依次执行

    /usr/sbin/sshd -D &

    b. 拷贝秘钥

    ssh-copy-id hadoop01
ssh-copy-id hadoop02
ssh-copy-id hadoop03

  4. hadoop02和hadoop03依次执行上述1-3步骤

启动hdfs

在hadoop01上启动
因为我们已经将sbin加入到PATH，索引我们直接执行

  1. 格式化

    hdfs namenode -format

  2. 启动

    start-dfs.sh

  3. 看到这种就是成了

Starting namenodes on [hadoop01]
hadoop01: starting namenode, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-root-namenode-3118b3248ebd.out
hadoop03: starting datanode, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-777368e252cd.out
hadoop02: starting datanode, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-8a20f3cf05a1.out
hadoop01: starting datanode, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-root-datanode-3118b3248ebd.out
Starting secondary namenodes [hadoop03]
hadoop03: starting secondarynamenode, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/hadoop-root-secondarynamenode-777368e252cd.out

启动yarn

在hadoop02上启动
因为我们已经将sbin加入到PATH，索引我们直接执行

  1. 启动

    start-yarn.sh

  2. 看到这种就是成了

starting yarn daemons
starting resourcemanager, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/yarn-root-resourcemanager-777368e252cd.out
hadoop01: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-3118b3248ebd.out
hadoop02: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-8a20f3cf05a1.out
hadoop03: starting nodemanager, logging to /opt/envs/hadoop-2.7.2/logs/yarn-root-nodemanager-777368e252cd.out

3. 大功告成

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