unittest项目实战阶段总结

测试阶段目标

1、引入单元测试、HTML测试报告、断言结果
2、引入超继承
3、引入ddt
4、添加一个字段存入测试结果。执行错误怎么写回结果？
5、引入try...except...finally
6、完成用例的可配置：想跑哪条跑哪条，就在配置文件里写好，难点：如何考虑多模块的情况？
7、实现路径的可配置

项目配置框架图

image.png http_request.py

# -*-coding: utf8 -*-

import requests

class HttpRequest(object):

    def http_request(self, url, data, method, expected=None, cookie=None):
        if method.lower() == 'get':
            res = requests.get(url, data=None, cookies=cookie, verify=False)
        else:
            res = requests.post(url, data, cookies=cookie, verify=False)

        return res

project_path.py
实现路径的可配置，避免相对路径的使用。方便他人使用。

# -*-coding: utf8 -*-

import os

# path = os.path.realpath(__file__)
# print(path)
#路径切割获取先最大的目录
project_path = os.path.split(os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0])[0]
#测试数据路径
test_case_path = os.path.join(project_path, 'data_http.xlsx')
#测试报告路径
test_report_path = os.path.join(project_path, 'test_http_report.html')
#配置文件路径
case_config_path = os.path.join(project_path, 'http_case.config')

test_http_request.py
引入unittest模块，引入断言，判断测试数据结构。

# -*-coding: utf8 -*-
import unittest

from practise.utils.http_request import HttpRequest
from practise.utils.get_data import GetData
from ddt import ddt, data
from practise.do_excel_http import DoExcel
from practise.utils.project_path import *

test_data = DoExcel.get_data(test_case_path)
@ddt
class TestHttpRequest(unittest.TestCase):
    def setUp(self):
        pass
    @data(*test_data)
    def test_api(self, item):
        res = HttpRequest().http_request(item['url'], eval(item['data']), item['method'], item['expected'], getattr(GetData, 'Cookie'))

        if res.cookies:
            setattr(GetData, 'Cookie', res.cookies) #利用反射存储cookie值
        try:
            self.assertEqual(item['expected'], res.json()['info'])
            TestResult = 'PASS'
        except AssertionError as e:
            TestResult = 'Falied'
            print('执行用例出错：{0}'.format(e))
            raise e
        finally:#不管对还是错，它里面的代码是肯定会执行的
            DoExcel.write_back(test_case_path, item['sheet_name'], item['case_id']+1, str(res.json()), TestResult)
            print('获取的结果是{0}'.format(res.json()))
    def tearDown(self):
        pass

run.py
引入HTML测试报告，直观展示测试结果

# -*-coding: utf8 -*-
import unittest
from HTMLTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
# from HtmlTestRunner import HTMLTestRunner
from practise.test_http_request import TestHttpRequest

suite = unittest.TestSuite()
loader = unittest.TestLoader()

suite.addTest(loader.loadTestsFromTestCase(TestHttpRequest))

with open('test_http_report.html', 'wb') as file:
    runner = HTMLTestRunner(
        stream=file,
        verbosity=2,
        title='test_api的测试',
        description='test_api的测试')

    runner.run(suite)

do_excel_http.py
读取excel表内数据，通过配置文件实现用例可配置

# -*-coding: utf8 -*-
from openpyxl import load_workbook
from practise.utils.project_path import *
from practise.read_http_config import ReadConfig

class DoExcel(object):

    @staticmethod
    def get_data(file_name):
        wb = load_workbook(file_name)
        mode = eval(ReadConfig.get_config(case_config_path, 'MODE', 'mode'))

        test_data = []
        for key in mode:
            sheet = wb[key]
            if mode[key] == 'all':
                for row in range(2, sheet.max_row + 1):
                    sub_data = {}
                    sub_data['case_id'] = sheet.cell(row, 1).value
                    sub_data['url'] = sheet.cell(row, 2).value
                    sub_data['data'] = sheet.cell(row, 3).value
                    sub_data['expected'] = sheet.cell(row, 4).value
                    sub_data['method'] = sheet.cell(row, 5).value
                    sub_data['sheet_name'] = key
                    test_data.append(sub_data)
            else:
                for case_id in mode[key]:
                    sub_data = {}
                    sub_data['case_id'] = sheet.cell(case_id+1, 1).value
                    sub_data['url'] = sheet.cell(case_id+1, 2).value
                    sub_data['data'] = sheet.cell(case_id+1, 3).value
                    sub_data['expected'] = sheet.cell(case_id+1, 4).value
                    sub_data['method'] = sheet.cell(case_id+1, 5).value
                    sub_data['sheet_name'] = key
                    test_data.append(sub_data)
        return test_data

    @staticmethod
    def write_back(file_name, sheet_name, row, result, TestResult):#把结果写回表内
        wb = load_workbook(file_name)
        sheet_name = wb[sheet_name]
        sheet_name.cell(row, 6).value = result
        sheet_name.cell(row, 7).value = TestResult
        wb.save(file_name)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    test_data = DoExcel.get_data(test_case_path)
    print(len(test_data))

http_case.config

[MODE]
mode = {
        'login_data': 'all',#执行所有的用例
        'recharge_data': [1, 3]#执行第1和第3条用例
        }

data_http.xlsx表格内数据包含两个表单'login_data'和'recharge_data'，各有4条用例

image.png image.png

read_http_config.py 读取配置文件

# -*-coding: utf8 -*-
import configparser

class ReadConfig:

    @staticmethod
    def get_config(file_path, section, option):
        cf = configparser.ConfigParser()
        cf.read(file_path)
        return cf[section][option]

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from practise.utils import project_path
    print(ReadConfig.get_config(project_path.case_config_path, 'MODE', 'mode'))

执行run.py image.png 查看html测试报告 image.png 【注】接口地址和表内数据可参考上篇文章