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[iOS]自定义ViewController的转场动画 (Swi

2015-08-25  本文已影响3031人  老初

Presentation ViewController


基础知识

在没有UINavigationController的时候,我们通常用present modally(弹出模态控制器)的方式切换视图。默认情况下,目标视图从屏幕的下方弹出。具体方法是:

通过presentViewController(_: animated:completion:)来弹出视图,
通过viewControllermodalTransitionStyle的属性设置弹出ViewController时的动画:

viewController.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyle.CrossDissolve
presentViewController(secondViewController, animated: true, completion: nil)

系统自带的四种动画有:

enum UIModalTransitionStyle: Int {
    case CoverVertical   // 底部滑入,默认
    case FlipHorizontal  // 水平翻转
    case CrossDissolve   // 隐出隐现
    case PartialCurl     // 翻页
}

自定义转场动画

在转场的过程中系统会提供一个视图容器containerView,当前的视图(fromView)会自动加入到这个容器中,我们所要做的就是将目标视图(toView)加入到这个容器中,然后为目标视图的展现增加动画。

需要注意的是:如果是从 A 视图控制器 present 到 B,则A是fromView,B是toView。从 B 视图控制器dismiss到 A 时,B 变成了fromView,A是toView。

创建动画管理器类,该类需继承NSObject并遵循UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning协议:

import UIKit

class FadeAnimator: NSObject, UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning {
    
    let duration = 1.0
   
    // 指定转场动画持续的时间
    func transitionDuration(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning) -> NSTimeInterval {
        return duration
    }
    
    // 实现转场动画的具体内容
    func animateTransition(transitionContext: UIViewControllerContextTransitioning) {
        
        // 得到容器视图
        let containerView = transitionContext.containerView()
        // 目标视图
        let toView = transitionContext.viewForKey(UITransitionContextToViewKey)!

        containerView.addSubview(toView)
        
        // 为目标视图的展现添加动画
        toView.alpha = 0.0
        UIView.animateWithDuration(duration,
            animations: {
                toView.alpha = 1.0
            }, completion: { _ in
                transitionContext.completeTransition(true)
        })
    }
}

然后在ViewController(第一个VC)中加入如下代码:

// 声明一个动画实例
let transition = FadeAnimator()

// 遵循 UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate 协议,并实现其中的两个方法:

extension ViewController: UIViewControllerTransitioningDelegate {
    // 提供弹出时的动画
    func animationControllerForPresentedController(presented: UIViewController, presentingController presenting: UIViewController, sourceController source: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
        
        return transition
    }
    // 提供消失时的动画
    func animationControllerForDismissedController(dismissed: UIViewController) -> UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning? {
        
        return transition
    }
}
@IBAction func register(sender: AnyObject) {
    var viewController = storyboard!.instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier("SecondViewController") as SecondViewController
    viewController.transitioningDelegate = self
        
    presentViewController(viewController, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

最终效果如下:

效果展示

Segue


通过Segue转场,即通过在Storyboard中拖线的方式进行转场。自定义转场动画的关键就是:

下面我们一步步来实现:

创建两个UIViewController类——FirstViewController、SecondViewController,分别对应Storyboard中的两个ViewController场景,从第一个VC向第二个VC拖一个Segue,并选择custom:

Storyboard.png

创建一个UIStoryboardSegue子类,并与上一部的Segue进行绑定,并指定它的Identifier:

Segue.png

打开FirstCustomSegue.swift,在perform方法中实现具体动画:

import UIKit

class FirstCustomSegue: UIStoryboardSegue {
   
    // 重载perform方法,在这里我们添加想要的自定义逻辑
    override func perform() {
        
        // 得到源控制器和目标控制器的视图
        var sourceView = self.sourceViewController.view as UIView!
        var destinationView = self.destinationViewController.view as UIView!
        
        // 得到屏幕的宽和高
        let screenWidth = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.size.width
        let screenHeight = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.size.height
        
        // 把destinationView放在sourceView的下面
        destinationView.frame = CGRectMake(0.0, screenHeight, screenWidth, screenHeight)
        
        let window = UIApplication.sharedApplication().keyWindow
        // 把目标视图添加到当前视图中
        window?.insertSubview(destinationView, aboveSubview: sourceView)
        
        UIView.animateWithDuration(0.4, animations: { () -> Void in
            
            sourceView.frame = CGRectOffset(sourceView.frame, 0.0, -screenHeight)
            destinationView.frame = CGRectOffset(destinationView.frame, 0.0, -screenHeight)
            
            }, completion: { _ in
                // 展示新的视图控制器
                self.sourceViewController.presentViewController(self.destinationViewController as UIViewController, animated: false, completion: nil)
        })
    }
}

在FirstViewController中执行这个自定义转场,这里我们采用滑动手势:

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        var swipeGestureRecognizer = UISwipeGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: "showSecondViewController")
        swipeGestureRecognizer.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirection.Up
        
        self.view.addGestureRecognizer(swipeGestureRecognizer)
    }

    func showSecondViewController() {
        self.performSegueWithIdentifier("FirstCustomSegue", sender: self)
    }

解除转场

与转场对应的是解除转场(unwind segue),和正常转场一样,也需要创建一个UIStoryboardSegue的子类,并重载其中perform方法。
不同的是,解除转场需要在第一个ViewController中创建一个带UIStoryboardSegue类参数的IBAction方法,这个方法的内容可以为空,但必须存在。

需要注意的是,FirstViewController没有UINavigationController的时候解除转场的动画才会出现,但是正常转场效果是都有的,不知道这是不是个漏洞,知道的老师可以告诉下,谢谢。

下面我们来实现这个自定义解除转场:

打开FirstViewController.swift,添加代码:

 @IBAction func backFromSegueAction(sender: UIStoryboardSegue) {
        
 }

打开Storyboard,在SecondViewController场景中进行如下操作:

1.png

然后在Scene中会出现Unwind segue,选中后在属性中设置Identifier:backFromSegue

222.png

创建UIStoryboardSegue子类-FirstCustomSegueUnwind,重写其中的perform方法:

import UIKit

class FirstCustomSegueUnwind: UIStoryboardSegue {

    override func perform() {
        
        var secondVCView = self.sourceViewController.view as UIView!
        var firstVCView = self.destinationViewController.view as UIView!
        
        let screenHeight = UIScreen.mainScreen().bounds.size.height
        
        let window = UIApplication.sharedApplication().keyWindow
        window?.insertSubview(firstVCView, aboveSubview: secondVCView)
        
        UIView.animateWithDuration(0.4, animations: { () -> Void in
            firstVCView.frame = CGRectOffset(firstVCView.frame, 0.0, screenHeight)
            secondVCView.frame = CGRectOffset(secondVCView.frame, 0.0, screenHeight)
            
            }) { (Finished) -> Void in
                
                self.sourceViewController.dismissViewControllerAnimated(false, completion: nil)
        }
    }
}

接下来在FirstViewController中来调用这个子类,打开FirstViewController.swift,重写以下方法:

    override func segueForUnwindingToViewController(toViewController: UIViewController, fromViewController: UIViewController, identifier: String?) -> UIStoryboardSegue {

        if let id = identifier {
            if id == "backFromSegue" {
                let unwindSegue = FirstCustomSegueUnwind(identifier: id, source: fromViewController, destination: toViewController, performHandler: { () -> Void in
                    
                })
                return unwindSegue
            }
        }
        
        return super.segueForUnwindingToViewController(toViewController, fromViewController: fromViewController, identifier: identifier)
    }

最后,在SecondViewController中执行这个解除转场,还是采用滑动手势:

import UIKit

class SecondViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        var swipeGestureRecognizer = UISwipeGestureRecognizer(target: self, action: "showFirstViewController")
        swipeGestureRecognizer.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirection.Down
        
        self.view.addGestureRecognizer(swipeGestureRecognizer)
    }

    func showFirstViewController() {
        self.performSegueWithIdentifier("backFromSegue", sender: self)
    }
}

到这里,整个转场就全部写完了,最后看下效果:

最终效果
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