Docker 学习
2022-03-24 本文已影响0人
Rinaloving
Docker
一、安装最新版Docker
# 如果已经安装了，就卸载
yum remove docker \
docker-client \
docker-client-latest \
docker-common \
docker-latest \
docker-latest-logrotate \
docker-logrotate \
docker-engine
# 安装yum-utils
yum install -y yum-utils
# 设置稳定的存储库
yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
# 安装
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
# docker-compose
curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.28.5/docker-compose-`uname -s`-`uname -m` -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
docker-compose --version
二、在发布后的文件夹中新建一个 Dockerfile 文件（没有后缀）
# 新建项目勾选docker部署的内容
#See https://aka.ms/containerfastmode to understand how Visual Studio uses this Dockerfile to build your images for faster debugging.
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.1-stretch-slim AS base
WORKDIR /app
EXPOSE 80
EXPOSE 443
FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/sdk:2.1-stretch AS build
WORKDIR /src
COPY ["WebApplication1/WebApplication1.csproj", "WebApplication1/"]
RUN dotnet restore "WebApplication1/WebApplication1.csproj"
COPY . .
WORKDIR "/src/WebApplication1"
RUN dotnet build "WebApplication1.csproj" -c Release -o /app/build
FROM build AS publish
RUN dotnet publish "WebApplication1.csproj" -c Release -o /app/publish
FROM base AS final
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=publish /app/publish .
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "WebApplication1.dll"]
# 我们可以修改下，如下
FROM microsoft/dotnet:2.1-aspnetcore-runtime //注意和你的版本要匹配
WORKDIR /app
COPY . . //将当前目录下的所有文件（除了.dockerignore排除的路径），都拷贝进入 image 文件的/app目录。
EXPOSE 5002 //端口号（将容器 5000 端口暴露出来， 允许外部连接这个端口。）
//EXPOSE 443 //Https 端口开启
ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "DockerDemo5.dll"] //运行的程序集 改成你自己的
# 把文件放到项目下（项目拷贝到linux上面）
# 创建 image文件 （-t参数用来指定 image 文件的名字，后面还可以用冒号指定标签 PS：注意最后的 点）
[root@localhost local]# cd XXFB/
[root@localhost XXFB]# docker build -t xxfbdocker2.1 .
Cannot connect to the Docker daemon at unix:///var/run/docker.sock. Is the docker daemon running?
[root@localhost XXFB]#
# 解决方法
[root@localhost XXFB]# rm -rf /var/lib/docker/
[root@localhost etc]# service docker start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service
[root@localhost etc]# docker build -t xxfbdocker2.1 .
unable to prepare context: unable to evaluate symlinks in Dockerfile path: lstat /etc/Dockerfile: no such file or directory
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/local/XXFB/
[root@localhost XXFB]# docker build -t xxfbdocker2.1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 294.8MB
Error response from daemon: dockerfile parse error line 7: unknown instruction: //EXPOSE
[root@localhost XXFB]# vi Dockerfile
[root@localhost XXFB]# docker build -t xxfbdocker2.1 .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 294.8MB
Step 1/5 : FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.1-stretch-slim AS base
2.1-stretch-slim: Pulling from dotnet/core/aspnet
33f99cea3b7d: Downloading 5.045MB/22.53MB
2b463c1ef5a9: Downloading 5.586MB/17.67MB
f66af433fc3e: Download complete
06e05c6a34c1: Downloading 31
[root@localhost XXFB]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
xxfbdocker2.1 latest 085e65772e65 3 minutes ago 548MB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet 2.1-stretch-slim 1a48139335f8 7 months ago 253MB
[root@localhost XXFB]#
# docker 删除镜像（先删除容器 container）
[root@localhost XXFB]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9a510d8b244f xxfbdocker2.1:latest "dotnet WebApi.dll" 2 minutes ago Exited (139) 2 minutes ago xxfbdocker2.1
[root@localhost XXFB]# docker rm 9a510d8b244f
9a510d8b244f
[root@localhost XXFB]#
三、创建镜像
# 项目发布后，将Dockerfile 文件拷贝到发布目录中，并将目录cd到部署目录，使用下面的命令构建镜像
# docker build -t <镜像名称> <目录> . 为当前目录
docker build -t dockernjdk .
[root@localhost NJDK]# docker build -t dockernjdk .
Sending build context to Docker daemon 294.8MB
Step 1/6 : FROM mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.1-stretch-slim AS base
2.1-stretch-slim: Pulling from dotnet/core/aspnet
33f99cea3b7d: Pull complete
2b463c1ef5a9: Pull complete
f66af433fc3e: Pull complete
06e05c6a34c1: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:80ddf066edeeb7e489b23c3c90d8e5dd741037d4a4875150c1dec777fd24cc76
Status: Downloaded newer image for mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet:2.1-stretch-slim
---> 1a48139335f8
Step 2/6 : COPY . /xxfbdocker
---> 743f10b7782c
Step 3/6 : WORKDIR /xxfbdocker
---> Running in 4b218cad2746
Removing intermediate container 4b218cad2746
---> 077055218421
Step 4/6 : EXPOSE 80
---> Running in 3e59cd02a512
Removing intermediate container 3e59cd02a512
---> e98760c5701a
Step 5/6 : EXPOSE 443
---> Running in e8c5963d887c
Removing intermediate container e8c5963d887c
---> 95a4101aadd1
Step 6/6 : ENTRYPOINT ["dotnet", "WebApi.dll"]
---> Running in 34e734e3ed11
Removing intermediate container 34e734e3ed11
---> 6650bd7b294a
Successfully built 6650bd7b294a
Successfully tagged dockernjdk:latest
[root@localhost NJDK]#
# 上述步骤完成后，查看镜像是否创建成功
[root@localhost NJDK]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
dockernjdk latest 6650bd7b294a 4 minutes ago 548MB
dockerdemo latest a42c8ba3496d 23 hours ago 212MB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/aspnet 3.1 f0220ee3f874 5 days ago 208MB
mcr.microsoft.com/dotnet/core/aspnet 2.1-stretch-slim 1a48139335f8 7 months ago 253MB
[root@localhost NJDK]#
# 运行镜像
镜像构建完成后，使用下面命令来运行镜像容器
# docker run --name=<容器名称> -d<后台运行> -p <外部暴露端口>:<容器端口><关键镜像>
docker run --name=dockernjdk -d -p 5004:80 dockernjdk:latest
[root@localhost NJDK]# docker run --name=dockernjdk -d -p 5004:80 dockernjdk:latest
d5cef486db6c0ab19e8be0d6351cc85b30edbe86b8fcf37618fd0175a2785752
[root@localhost NJDK]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
d5cef486db6c dockernjdk:latest "dotnet WebApi.dll" 8 seconds ago Up 6 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5004->80/tcp, :::5004->80/tcp dockernjdk
e91d88e285c7 dockerdemo:latest "dotnet DockerDemo.d…" 23 hours ago Up 15 minutes 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5003->80/tcp, :::5003->80/tcp dockerdemo
[root@localhost NJDK]#
四、启动docker 镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e91d88e285c7 dockerdemo:latest "dotnet DockerDemo.d…" 23 hours ago Exited (0) 23 hours ago dockerdemo
[root@localhost ~]# docker start e91d88e285c7
e91d88e285c7
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e91d88e285c7 dockerdemo:latest "dotnet DockerDemo.d…" 23 hours ago Up 4 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5003->80/tcp, :::5003->80/tcp dockerdemo
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
e91d88e285c7 dockerdemo:latest "dotnet DockerDemo.d…" 23 hours ago Up 47 seconds 443/tcp, 0.0.0.0:5003->80/tcp, :::5003->80/tcp dockerdemo
[root@localhost ~]#
五、导出导入docker镜像
# 说明：
# 镜像打包：
# 1. 镜像打包：
docker save -o tomcat7.tar mytomcat
# 2. 将打包的镜像伤处啊难道其他服务器
scp tomcat7.tar 其它服务器ip:/root
# 3. 导入镜像
docker load -i /root/tomcat7.tar
# 容器打包：
# 1. 容器打包：
docker export -o /root/t1.tar t1
# 2. 容器导入
docker import t1.tar mytomcat:latest
[root@localhost NJDK]# docker export -o dockernjdk-test.tar dockernjdk
[root@localhost NJDK]# ls
AngleSharp.Css.dll dockernjdk-test.tar Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.dll Spire.License.xml System.Data.DataSetExtensions.dll
AngleSharp.dll dotnet-aspnet-codegenerator-design.dll Microsoft.Win32.Registry.dll Spire.Pdf.dll System.Data.SQLite.dll
appsettings.Development.json EPPlus.Core.dll Microsoft.Win32.SystemEvents.dll Spire.Pdf.xml System.Drawing.Common.dll
appsettings.json ExcelHelper.dll MySql.Data.dll Spire.Presentation.dll System.IO.Pipelines.dll
com.uplus.common.dll ExcelHelper.pdb NodaTime.dll Spire.Presentation.xml System.Management.dll
com.uplus.common.pdb Google.Protobuf.dll Npgsql.dll Spire.XLS.dll System.Security.AccessControl.dll
com.uplus.data.dll Hei.Captcha.dll Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll Spire.XLS.xml System.Security.Cryptography.ProtectedData.dll
com.uplus.data.pdb HtmlSanitizer.dll qcloudsms_csharp.dll SQLitePCLRaw.batteries_green.dll System.Security.Principal.Windows.dll
com.uplus.log4net.dll ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.dll qcloudsms.dll SQLitePCLRaw.batteries_v2.dll System.Xml.XPath.XmlDocument.dll
com.uplus.log4net.pdb Independentsoft.Office.dll RabbitMQ.Client.dll SQLitePCLRaw.core.dll WebApi.deps.json
com.uplus.rabbitmqhelper.dll libman.json runtimes SQLitePCLRaw.provider.e_sqlite3.dll WebApi.dll
com.uplus.rabbitmqhelper.pdb Log4Net.config SixLabors.Core.dll SqlSugar.dll WebApi.pdb
com.uplus.snowleopardframework.dll log4net.dll SixLabors.Fonts.dll SuperSocket.ClientEngine.dll WebApi.runtimeconfig.json
com.uplus.snowleopardframework.pdb Magick.NET.Core.dll SixLabors.ImageSharp.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.dll web.config
com.uplus.spirecore.dll Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU.dll SixLabors.ImageSharp.Drawing.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger.dll WebSocket4Net.dll
com.uplus.spirecore.pdb Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.dll SixLabors.Shapes.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen.dll wwwroot
com.uplus.taskschedule.dll Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer.dll Spire.Doc.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI.dll
com.uplus.taskschedule.pdb Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.dll Spire.Doc.xml System.CodeDom.dll
Dockerfile Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Abstractions.dll Spire.License.dll System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.dll
[root@localhost NJDK]# rz
-bash: rz: command not found
[root@localhost NJDK]# sz
-bash: sz: command not found
[root@localhost NJDK]# yum install -y lrzsz
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.cn99.com
* extras: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
* updates: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
docker-ce-stable | 3.5 kB 00:00:00
extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-36.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing:
lrzsz x86_64 0.12.20-36.el7 base 78 k
Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================================Install 1 Package
Total download size: 78 k
Installed size: 181 k
Downloading packages:
lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64.rpm | 78 kB 00:00:00
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 1/1
Verifying : lrzsz-0.12.20-36.el7.x86_64 1/1
Installed:
lrzsz.x86_64 0:0.12.20-36.el7
Complete!
[root@localhost NJDK]# sz
sz: need at least one file to send
Try `sz --help' for more information.
[root@localhost NJDK]# sz dockernjdk-test.tar
ZMODEM Session started
------------------------
Received dockernjdk-test.tar
[root@localhost NJDK]# docker save -o dockernjdk-save.tar dockernjdk:latest
[root@localhost NJDK]# ls
AngleSharp.Css.dll dockernjdk-save.tar Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Abstractions.dll Spire.License.dll System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.dll
AngleSharp.dll dockernjdk-test.tar Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory.dll Spire.License.xml System.Data.DataSetExtensions.dll
appsettings.Development.json dotnet-aspnet-codegenerator-design.dll Microsoft.Win32.Registry.dll Spire.Pdf.dll System.Data.SQLite.dll
appsettings.json EPPlus.Core.dll Microsoft.Win32.SystemEvents.dll Spire.Pdf.xml System.Drawing.Common.dll
com.uplus.common.dll ExcelHelper.dll MySql.Data.dll Spire.Presentation.dll System.IO.Pipelines.dll
com.uplus.common.pdb ExcelHelper.pdb NodaTime.dll Spire.Presentation.xml System.Management.dll
com.uplus.data.dll Google.Protobuf.dll Npgsql.dll Spire.XLS.dll System.Security.AccessControl.dll
com.uplus.data.pdb Hei.Captcha.dll Oracle.ManagedDataAccess.dll Spire.XLS.xml System.Security.Cryptography.ProtectedData.dll
com.uplus.log4net.dll HtmlSanitizer.dll qcloudsms_csharp.dll SQLitePCLRaw.batteries_green.dll System.Security.Principal.Windows.dll
com.uplus.log4net.pdb ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.dll qcloudsms.dll SQLitePCLRaw.batteries_v2.dll System.Xml.XPath.XmlDocument.dll
com.uplus.rabbitmqhelper.dll Independentsoft.Office.dll RabbitMQ.Client.dll SQLitePCLRaw.core.dll WebApi.deps.json
com.uplus.rabbitmqhelper.pdb libman.json runtimes SQLitePCLRaw.provider.e_sqlite3.dll WebApi.dll
com.uplus.snowleopardframework.dll Log4Net.config SixLabors.Core.dll SqlSugar.dll WebApi.pdb
com.uplus.snowleopardframework.pdb log4net.dll SixLabors.Fonts.dll SuperSocket.ClientEngine.dll WebApi.runtimeconfig.json
com.uplus.spirecore.dll Magick.NET.Core.dll SixLabors.ImageSharp.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.dll web.config
com.uplus.spirecore.pdb Magick.NET-Q16-AnyCPU.dll SixLabors.ImageSharp.Drawing.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger.dll WebSocket4Net.dll
com.uplus.taskschedule.dll Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.dll SixLabors.Shapes.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen.dll wwwroot
com.uplus.taskschedule.pdb Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer.dll Spire.Doc.dll Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI.dll
Dockerfile Microsoft.Data.Sqlite.dll Spire.Doc.xml System.CodeDom.dll
[root@localhost NJDK]# sz dockernjdk-save.tar
ZMODEM Session started
------------------------
57% dockernjdk-save.tar
