“Slay the Dragon”: the history o
gerrymander
百度百科1：
在1812年的参议院选举前，麻省民主党政治家们为了确保本党候选人能赢得两席参议员的位子，将本州选区进行了重新划分，新选区的形状酷似蝾螈。由于格里是当时的州长，这种做法就由他的名字(Gerry)与蝾螈(salamander)合成的新词命名。
百度百科2：
在gerrymander的过程中有两大基本策略主轴：其一就是尽可能极大化己方票源的有效使用，其二就是尽可能极小化对方票源的有效使用。是故，“集中选票”（packing）和“分散选票”（cracking）为杰利蝾螈的主要手段。
集中选票为尽可能将对方阵营支持者集中划入己方铁票区域，以消耗降低这些选票在其他区域的作用力。分散选票则指尽可能将对方阵营的铁票区域划分成数个选区，以达到稀释对方铁票区域的作用力。
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Just lines on a map?
In America, electoral-district boundaries are more than just that.
“Slay the Dragon”, a documentary due to be released yesterday (but delayed by covid-19), examines the practice of gerrymandering, where once every ten years (to coincide with[不谋而合] the census[人口普查]) the majority party in a state legislature can redraw these lines in its favour.
The impact is immense.
The film connects the Republican-led redistricting after 2010 to today’s most fraught【充满…的】 policy questions, from tightening abortion regulations to loose gun laws.
It follows the story of “Voters Not Politicians”, an anti-gerrymandering group founded by Katie Fahey in 2017.
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After a successful grassroots campaign【基层竞选】, it secured a constitutional ban on Michigan lawmakers’ redrawing of districts. Eric Holder, attorney-general【（美国的）司法部长】 under Barack Obama, who has worked with Ms Fahey, says the film offers “a path forward” for America’s broken politics. In both an election and census year【普查年】, they will hope that Americans pay attention.
Mar 14th 2020
Slay the Dragon 相关文章https://edition.cnn.com/2020/04/02/entertainment/slay-the-dragon-review/index.html
【文中图片皆来源网络】
