REST API文档工具Swagger2,以及与SpringBo
手写Api文档的几个痛点:
- 前后端联调接口,需要不断的更新接口文档,一般是文档跟不上接口变化的节奏;
- 接口返回结果不明确;
- 不能直接在线测试接口,通常需要使用工具,比如postman、jmeter;
- 接口文档太多,不好管理;
Swagger简介
swagger是一个API框架,号称世界上最流行的API工具。它提供了API管理的全套解决方案,比如API在线编辑器,APIUI展示界面,代码生成器等诸多功能。
Swagger官方地址
Springfox简介
如果想引入swagger进行API管理。目前springfox是一个很好的选择,它内部会自动解析Spring容器中Controller暴露出的接口,并且也提供了一个界面用于展示或调用这些API。
Springbox官方地址
Maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
Swagger配置类
package com.lx;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder;
import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors;
import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo;
import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType;
import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket;
@Configuration
public class Swagger2 {
@Bean
public Docket createRestApi() {
return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2)
.apiInfo(apiInfo())
.select()
.apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.lx.controller"))
.paths(PathSelectors.any())
.build();
}
private ApiInfo apiInfo() {
return new ApiInfoBuilder()
.title("springboot利用swagger构建api文档")
.description("简单优雅的restfun风格")
.termsOfServiceUrl("")
.version("1.0")
.build();
}
}
Application.class 加上注解@EnableSwagger2 表示开启Swagger
package com.lx;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableSwagger2
@MapperScan("com.lx.mapper")
public class SpringbootApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(SpringbootApplication.class, args);
}
}
REST API接口增加Swagger注释
@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/user")
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@ApiOperation(value="添加用户信息", notes="添加用户信息")
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户详细实体user", required = true)
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/add", produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}, method = RequestMethod.POST)
public int addUser(User user){
return userService.addUser(user);
}
@ApiOperation(value="查看信息", notes="查看用户信息")
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageNum", value = "页码", required = true, dataType = "int"),
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "pageSize", value = "每页个数", required = true, dataType = "int")
})
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/all/{pageNum}/{pageSize}", produces = {"application/json;charset=UTF-8"}, method = RequestMethod.GET)
public Object findAllUser(@PathVariable("pageNum") int pageNum, @PathVariable("pageSize") int pageSize){
return userService.findAllUser(pageNum,pageSize);
}
}
Swagger2文档
启动SpringBoot,打开url http://127.0.0.1:8080/swagger-ui.html#/
注解
@Api
用在类上,说明该类的作用
@Api(value = "UserController", description = "用户相关api")
@ApiOperation
用在方法上,说明方法的作用
@ApiOperation(value = "查找用户", notes = "查找用户", httpMethod = "GET", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8_VALUE)
@ApiImplicitParams
用在方法上包含一组参数说明
@ApiImplicitParam
用在@ApiImplicitParams注解中,指定一个请求参数的各个方面
paramType:参数放在哪个地方
header–>请求参数的获取:@RequestHeader
query–>请求参数的获取:@RequestParam
path(用于restful接口)–>请求参数的获取:@PathVariable
body(不常用)
form(不常用)
name:参数名
dataType:参数类型
required:参数是否必须传
value:参数的意思
defaultValue:参数的默认值
@ApiImplicitParams({
@ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "唯一id", required = true, dataType = "Long", paramType = "path"),
})
@ApiResponses
用于表示一组响应
@ApiResponse
用在@ApiResponses中,一般用于表达一个错误的响应信息
code:数字,例如400
message:信息,例如”请求参数没填好”
response:抛出异常的类
@ApiResponses(value = {
@ApiResponse(code = 400, message = "No Name Provided")
})
@ApiModel
Swagger-core builds the model definitions based on the references to them throughout the API introspection.
The @ApiModel allows you to manipulate the meta data of a model from a simple description or name change to a definition of polymorphism.
描述一个Model的信息(这种一般用在post创建的时候,使用@RequestBody这样的场景,请求参数无法使用@ApiImplicitParam注解进行描述的时候)
@ApiModel(value = "用户实体类")
@ApiModelProperty
描述一个model的属性
@ApiModelProperty(value = "登录用户")
@ApiIgnore //使用这个注解忽略这个接口