自建yum仓库

2020-03-15  本文已影响0人  早_wsm

前言

节省时间就是抢救生命！在工作中我们总会去重复做一件事，比如下载，有些东西总是要用到要下载，受外界因素影响每次下载都会耗费大量时间，为节省时间何不在自己家建个小仓库，把之前用到下载过的东西都整理放好，用的时候直接拿过来就好！

一、创建yum仓库目录

mkdir /yum/

先把常用的rpm包和命令下载到我们刚刚创建的本地yum仓库中

yum install  --downloadonly --downloaddir=/yum/ mlocate lrzsz tree vim nc nmap lrzsz wget bash-completion bash-completion-extras cowsay sl htop iotop iftop lsof net-tools sysstat unzip bc psmisc ntpdate wc telnet-server bind-utils gcc gcc-c++ autoconf pcre pcre-devel make automake httpd-tools

--downloadonly 只下载不安装
--downloaddir 指定rpm包的下载路径

二、修改yum配置文件，打开本地缓存

[root@m01 ~]# cat /etc/yum.conf 
[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum/$basearch/$releasever
keepcache=1  ###此处修改为1
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
installonly_limit=5
bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/set_project.php?project_id=23&ref=http://bugs.centos.org/bug_report_page.php?category=yum
distroverpkg=centos-release

keepcache=1 #1为开启，0为不开启

三、安装createrepo，并生成索引文件

yum install createrepo -y
createrepo /yum/

四、提供yum服务

可以用Apache或nginx、python提供web服务，这里使用nginx

先安装nginx

yum install -y nginx

修改配置文件，使用http协议访问

vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/yum_ck.conf

server {
    listen 8888;
    server_name 10.0.0.61; #你的yum服务器地址
    root /yum;
    index index.html;
    location / {
      root /yum; #仓库目录
      autoindex on;
    }
}

配置文件写入完成使用nginx -t检查语法，如果之前已启动过nginx 就重启nginx -s reload,如果没有就启动nginx,systemctl start nginx

五、创建本地源

cd /etc/yum.repos.d

[root@m01]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/yum-Media.repo
[yum_ck] #本地仓库名
name=yum_ck 
baseurl=http://10.0.0.61:8888/  #http协议，rpm包存放路径
gpgcheck=0  #关闭安全验证
enabled=1   #启用本仓库
priority=1  #优先级为1,最高

清除yum缓存

yum clean all

六、优先级设置

因为我们服务器上还存在其他源，很难保证我们每次下载自动先从我们自建的yum仓库内下载，所以需要做一下优先级设置

yum install yum-plugin-priorities.noarch

cat /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/priorities.conf
[main]
enabled = 1

[root@m01 ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
priority=2  #添加优先级为2
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
priority=2  #添加优先级为2
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
priority=2  #添加优先级为2
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
priority=2  #添加优先级为2
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
priority=2  #添加优先级为2

七、测试

每次新加入rpm包后都要对本地仓库进行更新

 createrepo --update /yum/

查看软件包总数

yum repoinfo yum_ck | grep pkgs

把bc命令加入到yum仓库中

yum install  --downloadonly --downloaddir=/yum/ bc

再次查看软件包总数

yum repoinfo yum_ck | grep pkgs

无变化
更新本地仓库

createrepo --update /yum/

清除所有缓存

yum clean all

查看新的软件包总数

yum repoinfo yum_ck | grep pkgs

如果软件包的数量增加，说明仓库更新成功。
此时使用yum install -y bc，下载后使用yum provides bc可以看到：

[root@m01 ~]# yum provides bc
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, priorities
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
 * base: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com
 * updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
224 packages excluded due to repository priority protections
bc-1.06.95-13.el7.x86_64 : GNU's bc (a numeric processing language) and dc (a calculator)
Repo        : yum_ck
bc-1.06.95-13.el7.x86_64 : GNU's bc (a numeric processing language) and dc (a calculator)
Repo        : @yum_ck

至此，我们便获得了一个可爱的本地yum仓库，以后每次下载之前仓库内存在的镜像或者包都会优先在yum仓库内直接下载，大大提高了效率节省了时间

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