Django(博客)

2018-06-12 本文已影响0人 v_c61b

一、项目概述

项目运行环境

Python3.6+
Django 1.11
MySQL 5.7
其他插件(图片处理、分页、验证码....)
项目详细功能介绍

前台功能

项目首页展示

轮播图

博客推荐

最新发布

博客分类

最新评论文章

widgets小插件

搜索功能

博客分类功能

博客标签查询

友情链接

博客分页功能

博客详细

最新评论文章

发表评论

评论展示

评论数

阅读数

登录功能

注册功能

邮箱验证功能

注销功能

页面模板

标签云功能

读者墙功能

后台功能

用户维护

权限管理

博客分类维护

标签维护

友情链接

轮播图维护

项目演示

项目演示
# 二、开发环境搭建

> 使用virtualenv 和 virtualenwrapper

**1\. MySQL 5.7**

sudo apt install mysql-server mysql-client


**2\. 安装mysql驱动**

pip install pymysql


**3\. 安装Django**

pip install django==1.11


# 三、创建项目

## 创建项目和应用

*   创建项目

django-admin startproject django-blog


*   创建应用

python manage.py startapp userapp

python manage.py startapp blogapp


## 配置数据库

*   在settings中配置数据库

DATABASES = {

'default': {

'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',

'NAME': 'django_blog_db',

'USER': 'root',

'PASSWORD': 'wwy123',

'HOST': '127.0.0.1',

'PORT': '3306',

}


## 创建数据库(执行迁移文件)

python manage.py migrate


## 创建超级管理员

python manage.py createsuperuser


# 四、创建数据模型

## USERAPP

### USER(用户模型)

from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUser

class BlogUser(AbstractUser):`


nikename = models.CharField('昵称', max_length=20, default='')

> 提示：需要在settings配置文件中设置:AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'users.BlogUser'

### EMAIL(邮箱验证数据模型)

class EmailVerifyRecord(models.Model):`

code = models.CharField(verbose_name='验证码', max_length=50,default='')

email = models.EmailField(max_length=50, verbose_name="邮箱")

send_type = models.CharField(verbose_name="验证码类型", choices=(("register",u"注册"),("forget","找回密码"), ("update_email","修改邮箱")), max_length=30)

send_time = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="发送时间", default=datetime.now)

class Meta:

verbose_name = "邮箱验证码"


# 复数

verbose_name_plural = verbose_name

def str(self):

return '{0}({1})'.format(self.code, self.email)


## BLOGAPP

### Banner(轮播图模型)

class Banner(models.Model):`

title = models.CharField('标题', max_length=50)

cover = models.ImageField('轮播图', upload_to='static/images/banner')

link_url = models.URLField('图片链接', max_length=100)

idx = models.IntegerField('索引')

is_active = models.BooleanField('是否是active', default=False)

def str(self):

return self.title

class Meta:

verbose_name = '轮播图'

verbose_name_plural = '轮播图'


### Category(博客分类模型)

class BlogCategory(models.Model):`

name = models.CharField('分类名称', max_length=20, default='')

class Meta:

verbose_name = '博客分类'

verbose_name_plural = '博客分类'

def str(self):

return self.name


### Tags(标签模型)

class Tags(models.Model):`

name = models.CharField('标签名称', max_length=20, default='')

class Meta:

verbose_name = '标签'

verbose_name_plural = '标签'

def str(self):

return self.name


### Blog(博客模型)

class Post(models.Model):`

user = models.ForeignKey(BlogUser, verbose_name='作者')

category = models.ForeignKey(BlogCategory, verbose_name='博客分类', default=None)

tags = models.ManyToManyField(Tags, verbose_name='标签')

title = models.CharField('标题', max_length=50)

content = models.TextField('内容')

pub_date = models.DateTimeField('发布日期', default=datetime.now)

cover = models.ImageField('博客封面', upload_to='static/images/post', default=None)

views = models.IntegerField('浏览数', default=0)

recommend = models.BooleanField('推荐博客', default=False)

def str(self):

return self.title

class Meta:

verbose_name = '博客'

verbose_name_plural = '博客'


### Comment(评论模型)

class Comment(models.Model):`

post = models.ForeignKey(Post, verbose_name='博客')

user = models.ForeignKey(BlogUser, verbose_name='作者')

pub_date = models.DateTimeField('发布时间')

content = models.TextField('内容')

def str(self):

return self.content

class Meta:

verbose_name = '评论'

verbose_name_plural = '评论'


### FriendlyLink(友情链接模型)

class FriendlyLink(models.Model):`

title = models.CharField('标题', max_length=50)

link = models.URLField('链接', max_length=50, default='')

def str(self):

return self.title

class Meta:

verbose_name = '友情链接'

verbose_name_plural = '友情链接'


# 五、实现首页页面模板

## 创建模板文件夹

> 创建模板文件templates,并在settings.py中设置

TEMPLATES = [

{

'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',

'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],

'APP_DIRS': True,

'OPTIONS': {

'context_processors': [

'django.template.context_processors.debug',

'django.template.context_processors.request',

'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',

'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',

]


## 配置静态文件路径

STATIC_URL = '/static/'

STATICFILES_DIRS = (

os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),

)


# 六、创建首页路由

*   创建视图函数

def index(request):`

return render(request, 'index.html', {})


*   配置url

url(r'^$', index, name='index' )


*   修改模板CSS　JS等静态文件的路径

# 七、实现幻灯片功能(Banner)

*   注册模型

from blogs.models import Banner

admin.site.register(Banner)


*   编写views

from .models import Banner

def index(request):

banner_list = Banner.objects.all()

ctx = {

'banner_list': banner_list,

}

return render(request, 'index.html', ctx)


*   模板

{% for banner in banner_list %}

{% if banner.is_active %}

<li data-target="#focusslide" data-slide-to="{{banner.idx}}" class="active"></li>

{% else %}

<li data-target="#focusslide" data-slide-to="{{banner.idx}}"></li>

{% endif %}

{% endfor %}

</ol>

<div class="carousel-inner" role="listbox">

{% for banner in banner_list %}

{% if banner.is_active %}

<div class="item active">

<a href="{{banner.link_url}}" target="_blank" title="{{banner.title}}" >

<img src="{{banner.cover}}" alt="{{banner.title}}" class="img-responsive"></a>

</div>

{% else %}

<div class="item">

<a href="{{banner.link_url}}" target="_blank" title="{{banner.title}}" >

<img src="{{banner.cover}}" alt="{{banner.title}}" class="img-responsive"></a>

</div>

{% endif %}

{% endfor %}

</div>

<a class="left carousel-control" href="#focusslide" role="button" data-slide="prev" rel="nofollow">

<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-left" aria-hidden="true"></span>

<span class="sr-only">上一个</span> </a>

<a class="right carousel-control" href="#focusslide" role="button" data-slide="next" rel="nofollow">

<span class="glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right" aria-hidden="true"></span>

<span class="sr-only">下一个</span> </a>

</div>


# 八、实现博客推荐

*   注册模型

from blogs.models import Banner,Post,BlogCategory,Tags

...

admin.site.register(BlogCategory)

admin.site.register(Tags)

admin.site.register(Post)


*   编写views

`# 视图函数 HTTPRequest`

def index(request):

banner_list = Banner.objects.all()

recommend_list = Post.objects.filter(recommend=1)

ctx = {

'banner_list': banner_list,

'recommend_list': recommend_list,

}

return render(request, 'index.html', ctx)


*   模板

{% for post in recommend_list %}

    <h2><span class="red">【推荐】</span><a target="_blank" href="/blog/{{post.id}}/" title="{{post.title}}" >{{post.title}}</a>

    </h2>

    <p class="note">{{post.content}}</p>

</article>

{% endfor %}


# 九、实现最新发布

*   编写views

`# 视图函数 HTTPRequest`

def index(request):

...

post_list = Post.objects.order_by('-pub_date').all()[:10]

....

ctx = {

'banner_list': banner_list,

'recommend_list': recommend_list,

'post_list': post_list,

}

return render(request, 'index.html', ctx)


*   模板

{% for post in post_list%}

    <header><a class="cat" href="#" title="{{post.category.name}}" >{{post.category.name}}<i></i></a>

        <h2><a href="/blog/{{post.id}}/" title="{{post.title}}" target="_blank" >{{post.title}}</a>

        </h2>

    </header>

    <p class="meta">

        <time class="time"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"></i>{{post.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d'}}</time>

        <span class="views"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open"></i>{{post.views}}</span> <a class="comment" href="##comment" title="评论" target="_blank" ><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i>{{post.comment_set.count}}</a>

</p>

<p class="note">

{% autoescape off %}

{% endautoescape %}

</p>

</article>

{% endfor %}


# 十、实现博客分类功能

*   编写视图

`# 视图函数 HTTPRequest`

def index(request):

banner_list = Banner.objects.all()

recommend_list = Post.objects.filter(recommend=1)

post_list = Post.objects.order_by('-pub_date').all()[:10]

blogcategory_list = BlogCategory.objects.all()

ctx = {

'banner_list': banner_list,

'recommend_list': recommend_list,

'post_list': post_list,

'blogcategory_list': blogcategory_list,

}

return render(request, 'index.html', ctx)


*   模型

<h3>最新发布</h3>

<div class="more">

{%for c in blogcategory_list%}

         <a href="/category/{{c.id}}" title="{{c.name}}" >{{c.name}}</a>

        {% endfor %}

    </div>

</div>


# 十一、实现最新评论功能

*   编写views

<ul>

{% for post in new_comment_list %}

<img class="thumb" data-original="/{{ post.cover }}"

src="/{{ post.cover }}"

alt="{{ post.title }}" style="display: block;">

        </span><span class="text">{{ post.title }}</span><span class="muted"><i

class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"></i>

{{ post.pub_date }}

        </span><span class="muted"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open"></i>{{ post.views }}</span></a></li>

{% endfor %}

</ul>


# 十二、实现搜索功能

*   编写views

from django.views.generic.base import View

from django.db.models import Q

class SearchView(View):

def get(self, request):

pass

def post(self, request):

kw = request.POST.get('keyword')

post_list = Post.objects.filter(Q(title__icontains=kw)|Q(content__icontains=kw))

ctx = {

'post_list': post_list

}

return render(request, 'list.html', ctx)

urls

url(r'^search$', SearchView.as_view(), name='search'),


# 十三、实现友情链接

*   编写视图 (数据源)

def index(request):

....

friendlylink_list = FriendlyLink.objects.all()

.....


*   模板

<h3>友情链接</h3>

<div class="widget-sentence-link">

{% for friendlylink in friendlylink_list %}

<a href="{{ friendlylink.link }}" title="{{ friendlylink.title }}"

target="_blank">{{ friendlylink.title }}</a>   

{% endfor %}

</div>


# 十四、实现博客列表功能

*   编写views

def blog_list(request):

post_list = POST.objects.all()

ctx = {

'post_list': post_list,

}

return render(request, 'list.html', ctx)


*   编写路由

url(r'^list$', blog_list, name='blog_list'),

base.html

<!doctype html>

<html lang="zh-CN">

<head>

<meta charset="utf-8">

<meta name="renderer" content="webkit">

<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">

<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">

<title>{% block title %}知奇博客首页 {% endblock %}</title>

<meta name="keywords" content="">

<meta name="description" content="">

{% block custom_css %}{% endblock %}

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/bootstrap.min.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/nprogress.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/style.css">

<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/static/css/font-awesome.min.css">

<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/static/images/icon.png">

<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/images/favicon.ico">

<script src="/static/js/jquery-2.1.4.min.js"></script>

<script src="/static/js/nprogress.js"></script>

<script src="/static/js/jquery.lazyload.min.js"></script>

</head>

<body class="user-select">

<header class="header">

<nav class="navbar navbar-default" id="navbar">

<div class="container">

<ul class="site-nav topmenu">

 <li><a href="#" >标签云</a></li>

    <li><a href="#" rel="nofollow" >读者墙</a></li>

    <li><a href="#" title="RSS订阅" >

        <i class="fa fa-rss">

        </i> RSS订阅

    </a></li>

</ul>

         爱学习 更爱分享

</div>

<button type="button" class="navbar-toggle collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#header-navbar" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="sr-only"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button>

<h1 class="logo hvr-bounce-in"><a href="#" title="知奇课堂博客"><img src="/static/images/201610171329086541.png" alt="知奇课堂博客"></a></h1>

</div>

<ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-left">

 <li><a data-cont="知奇课堂博客" title="知奇课堂博客" href="/">首页</a></li>

 <li><a data-cont="博客" title="博客" href="/list">博客</a></li>

</ul>

{% if user.is_authenticated %}

<li><a data-cont="用户" title="用户" href="#">欢迎，{{user.username}}</a></li>

{% else %}

{% endif %}

</ul>

</div>

</div>

</nav>

</header>

{% block content %}

{% endblock %}

<footer class="footer">

<div class="container">

</div>

<div id="gotop"><a class="gotop"></a></div>

</footer>

<script src="/static/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>

<script src="/static/js/scripts.js"></script>

</body>

</html>


# 十五、实现分页功能

*   安装包

pip install django-pure-pagination


> 参考链接: [https://github.com/jamespacileo/django-pure-pagination](https://github.com/jamespacileo/django-pure-pagination)

def blog_list(request):

post_list = Post.objects.all()

try:

page = request.GET.get('page', 1)

except PageNotAnInteger:

page = 1

p = Paginator(post_list, per_page=1, request=request)

post_list = p.page(page)

ctx = {

'post_list': post_list,

}

return render(request, 'list.html', ctx)


*   模板

<div class="content-wrap">

<div class="content">

<div class="title">

<h3 style="line-height: 1.3">博客列表</h3>

</div>

{% for post in post_list.object_list %}

<header><a class="cat" href="/category/{{post.category.id}}" title="{{post.category.name}}" >{{post.category.name}}<i></i></a>

 <h2><a href="/blog/{{post.id}}" title="{{post.title}}" target="_blank" >{{post.title}}</a></h2>

</header>

<p class="meta">

 <time class="time"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-time"></i> {{post.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d'}}</time>

 <span class="views"><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open"></i> {{post.views}}</span>

<a class="comment" href="##comment" title="评论" target="_blank" ><i class="glyphicon glyphicon-comment"></i>{{post.comment_set.count}}</a></p>

<p class="note">{{post.content}}</p>

</article>

{% endfor %}

{% include "_pagination.html" %}

_pagination.html

{% load i18n %}

{% if post_list.has_previous %}

<a href="?{{ post_list.previous_page_number.querystring }}" class="prev">&lsaquo;&lsaquo; 上一页</a>

{% else %}

<span class="disabled prev">&lsaquo;&lsaquo; 上一页</span>

{% endif %}

{% for page in post_list.pages %}

{% if page %}

{% ifequal page post_list.number %}

<span class="current page">{{ page }}</span>

{% else %}

<a href="?{{ page.querystring }}" class="page">{{ page }}</a>

{% endifequal %}

{% else %}

...

{% endif %}

{% endfor %}

{% if post_list.has_next %}

<a href="?{{ post_list.next_page_number.querystring }}" class="next">下一页 &rsaquo;&rsaquo;</a>

{% else %}

<span class="disabled next">下一页 &rsaquo;&rsaquo;</span>

{% endif %}

</div>


# 十六、实现标签云功能

class TagMessage(object):

def init(self, tid, name, count):

self.tid = tid

self.name = name

self.count = count

def blog_list(request):

post_list = Post.objects.all()

try:

page = request.GET.get('page', 1)

except PageNotAnInteger:

page = 1

p = Paginator(post_list, per_page=1, request=request)

post_list = p.page(page)

tags = Tags.objects.all()

tag_message_list = []

for t in tags:

count = len(t.post_set.all())

tm = TagMessage(t.id, t.name, count)

tag_message_list.append(tm)

ctx = {

'post_list': post_list,

'tags': tag_message_list

}

return render(request, 'list.html', ctx)


*   模板

<h3>标签云</h3>

<div class="widget-sentence-content">

    <ul class="plinks ptags">

{% for t in tags %}

        <li><a href="/tags/{{t.tid}}" title="{{t.name}}" draggable="false">{{t.name}} <span class="badge">{{t.count}}</span></a></li>

{% endfor %}

    </ul>

</div>

</div>


# 十七、实现分类查询功能

*   编写视图

def blog_list(request, cid=-1):

post_list = None

if cid != -1:

cat = BlogCategory.objects.get(id=cid)

post_list = cat.post_set.all()

else:

post_list = Post.objects.all()

....

ctx = {

'post_list': post_list,

'tags': tag_message_list

}

return render(request, 'list.html', ctx)


*   编写路由

url(r'^category/(?P<cid>[0-9]+)/$', blog_list),


*   模板 index

<h3>最新发布</h3>

<div class="more">

{%for c in blogcategory_list%}

         <a href="/category/{{c.id}}" title="{{c.name}}" >{{c.name}}</a>

        {% endfor %}

    </div>

</div>


# 十八、实现按标签查询功能

*   编写views

def blog_list(request, cid=-1, tid=-1):

post_list = None

if cid != -1:

cat = BlogCategory.objects.get(id=cid)

post_list = cat.post_set.all()

elif tid != -1:

tag = Tags.objects.get(id=tid)

post_list = tag.post_set.all()

else:

post_list = Post.objects.all()

....

ctx = {

'post_list': post_list,

'tags': tag_message_list

}

return render(request, 'list.html', ctx)


*   路由设置

url(r'^tags/(?P<tid>[0-9]+)/$', blog_list),


*   模板

<h3>标签云</h3>

<div class="widget-sentence-content">

<ul class="plinks ptags">

{% for t in tags %}

<li><a href="/tags/{{t.tid}}" title="{{t.name}}" draggable="false">{{t.name}} <span class="badge">{{t.count}}</span></a></li>

{% endfor %}

</ul>

</div>


# 十九、实现博客详情功能

*   定义视图函数

def blog_detail(request,bid):

post = Post.objects.get(id=bid)

post.views = post.views + 1

post.save()


# 博客标签

tag_list = post.tags.all()

ctx = {

'post': post,

}

return render(request, 'show.html', ctx)


*   路由设置

url(r'^blog/(?P<bid>[0-9]+)/$', blog_detail, name='blog_detail'),


*   前端展示

{% extends 'base.html' %}

{% block title %}知奇博客-详细 {% endblock %}

{% block content %}

<section class="container">

<div class="content-wrap">

<div class="content">

<h1 class="article-title"><a href="#" title="{{post.title}}" >{{post.title}}</a></h1>

<div class="article-meta"> <span class="item article-meta-time">

 <time class="time" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="" data-original-title="发表时间：{{post.pub_date|date:'Y-m-d'}}">

 </span>

<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-globe"></i> {{post.user.username}}</span>

<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-list"></i> <a href="#" title="{{post.category.name}}" >{{post.category.name}}</a></span>

<i class="glyphicon glyphicon-eye-open"></i> {{post.views}}</span>

</header>

<p>{{post.content}}</p>

</article>

<div class="article-tags">标签：

{% for tag in post.tags.all %}

{% endfor %}

</div>

{% endblock %}


# 二十、实现相关推荐功能

*   编写视图

def blog_detail(request, pid):

post = Post.objects.get(id=pid)

post.views = post.views + 1

post.save()

comment_list = Comment.objects.order_by('-pub_date')

去重

for c in comment_list:

if c.post not in new_comment_list:

new_comment_list.append(c.post)

首先我们需要取到这篇文章的tag

tag_post_list = []

for tag in post.tags.all():

tag_post_list.extend(tag.post_set.all())

ctx = {

'post': post,

'new_comment_list': new_comment_list,

'tag_post_list': tag_post_list

}

return render(request, 'show.html', ctx)


*   模板

{% for tag_post in tag_post_list %}

<li><a href="{% url 'blog:detail' tag_post.id %}" title="">{{ tag_post.title }}</a></li>

{% endfor %}


# 二十一、实现发表评论的功能

show.html

<h3>评论</h3>

</div>

    <form id="comment-form" name="comment-form" action="/comment/{{post.id}}" method="POST">

        <div class="comment">

            <input name="username" id="" value="{{user.username}}" class="form-control" size="22" placeholder="您的昵称（必填）" maxlength="15" autocomplete="off" tabindex="1" type="text">

            <!-- <input name="" id="" class="form-control" size="22" placeholder="您的网址或邮箱（非必填）" maxlength="58" autocomplete="off" tabindex="2" type="text"> -->

            <div class="comment-box">

                <textarea placeholder="您的评论或留言（必填）" name="content" id="comment-textarea" cols="100%" rows="3" tabindex="3"></textarea>

                <div class="comment-ctrl">

                    <div class="comment-prompt" style="display: none;"> <i class="fa fa-spin fa-circle-o-notch"></i> <span class="comment-prompt-text">评论正在提交中...请稍后</span> </div>

                    <div class="comment-success" style="display: none;"> <i class="fa fa-check"></i> <span class="comment-prompt-text">评论提交成功...</span> </div>

                    <button type="submit" name="comment-submit" id="comment-submit" tabindex="4">评论</button>

                </div>

            </div>

        </div>

{% csrf_token %}

    </form>


*   编写视图类

class CommentView(View):

def get(self, request):

pass

def post(self, request, bid):

comment = Comment()

comment.user = request.user

comment.post = Post.objects.get(id=bid)

comment.content = request.POST.get('content')

comment.pub_date = datetime.now()

comment.save()

Ajax

return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("blog_detail", kwargs={"bid":bid}))


*   编写路由

url(r'^comment/(?P<bid>[0-9]+)$', CommentView.as_view(), name='comment'),


# 二十二、实现评论列表功能

*   编写视图

def blog_detail(request,bid):

post = Post.objects.get(id=bid)

post.views = post.views + 1

post.save()

去重

new_comment_list1 = []

post_list1 = []

for c in new_comment_list:

if c.post.id not in post_list1:

new_comment_list1.append(c)

post_list1.append(c.post.id)

博客标签

tag_list = post.tags.all()

Django(博客)

def get(self, request):

pass

最新评论的博客列表

去重

相关推荐

首先我们需要取到这篇文章的tag

Ajax

最新评论博客

去重

博客标签

相关推荐（标签相同的）

猜你喜欢

热点阅读

Django(博客)

def get(self, request):

pass

最新评论的博客 列表

去重

相关推荐

首先 我们需要取到 这篇文章的tag

Ajax

最新评论博客

去重

博客标签

相关推荐（标签相同的）

猜你喜欢

热点阅读

最新评论的博客列表

首先我们需要取到这篇文章的tag