网络配置

查看网卡信息

• 命令1：ip addr

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN 
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00                   #能够看到还回口的相关信息
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:53:5c:6a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff                      #能够看到 MAC 地址
inet 172.16.166.254/24 brd 172.16.166.255 scope global eno16777736      #能够看到 IP 地址
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe53:5c6a/64 scope link 
   valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

• 命令2：ifconfig #该命令包含于 net-tools 软件包中

[root@localhost ~]# ifconfig
eno16777736: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
    inet 172.16.166.254  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 172.16.166.255
    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe53:5c6a  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
    ether 00:0c:29:53:5c:6a  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
    RX packets 192  bytes 19043 (18.5 KiB)
    RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
    TX packets 141  bytes 18501 (18.0 KiB)
    TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
    inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
    inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
    loop  txqueuelen 0  (Local Loopback)
    RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
    RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
    TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
    TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

查看路由信息

• 命令：route -n #n参数表示使用纯数字来显示 IP 地址

[root@localhost ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
0.0.0.0         172.16.166.2    0.0.0.0         UG    1024   0        0 eno16777736
172.16.166.0    0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eno16777736

通过 DHCP 服务获取 IP

• 命令：dhclient
  ps. 无法重复运行 dhclient，在第二次运行前需要使用dhclient -r来释放。

直接修改网卡的配置文件（推荐）

配置文件：/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-###

[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eno16777736 
HWADDR=00:0C:29:53:5C:6A
TYPE=Ethernet
BOOTPROTO=static                  #分 static 与 dhcp 两种
DEFROUTE=yes
PEERDNS=yes
PEERROUTES=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_PEERDNS=yes
IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
NAME=eno16777736
UUID=c56b15e6-2ca7-4c8f-886e-dc80dabbf8d7
ONBOOT=yes                        #是否开机启动
IPADDR=172.16.166.254             #IP 地址
NETMASK=255.255.255.0             #子网掩码
GATEWAY=172.16.166.2              #网关
DNS1=223.5.5.5                    #DNS 服务器

重启网络服务

• 命令：systemctl restart network.service

老版本命令：/etc/init.d/network restart 或 service network restart