Nuclear fusion
正文
Nuclear fusion heat record a 'huge step' in quest for new energy source***
新型能源探索中的“重大突破”——核聚变创能量输出新纪录
The prospect of harnessing the power of the stars has moved a step closer to reality after scientists set a new record for the amount of energy released in a sustained fusion reaction.
日前,科学家们创造了核聚变反应持续释放能量的新记录,这意味着,人类利用恒星力量的设想又向现实迈进了一步。
加入会员可查看
Researchers at the Joint European Torus (JET), a fusion experiment in Oxfordshire, generated 59 megajoules of heat — equivalent to about 14kg of TNT — during a five-second burst of fusion, more than doubling the previous record of 21.7 megajoules set in 1997 by the same facility.
欧洲联合环状反应堆(JET)是设在英国牛津郡的一处实验(设施),该反应堆的研究人员在 5 秒的核聚变反应中产生了 59 兆焦耳的热量,相当于 14 千克 TNT 炸药产生的热量,比 1997 年由同一设备创下的 21.7 兆焦耳的纪录高出了一倍多。
加入会员可查看
The feat announced on Wednesday follows more than two decades of tests and refinements at the Culham Centre for Fusion Energy and has been hailed as a "major milestone" on the road to fusion becoming a viable and sustainable low-carbon energy source.***
周三,这项了不起的成就被公诸于世;在此前的二十多年间,(科学家们)一直在英国卡勒姆聚变能源中心(CCFE)进行试验和改进。而在核聚变成为可行和可持续的低碳能源道路上,该实验被誉为“重要里程碑”。
加入会员可查看
Experiments at JET have focused on whether fusion is feasible with a fuel based on two isotopes of hydrogen known as deuterium and tritium. The latest results suggest that it is and provide crucial confirmation for Iter, a larger fusion project being built in the south of France.
JET 实验主要集中在氢气的两种同位素(氘和氚)能否作为核聚变的燃料。最新的结果表明,它不仅可行,而且给国际热核聚变实验堆(法国南部一个在建的更大规模的核聚变项目)提供了关键性确认。
If all goes well with Iter, the next step is to build a European demonstration power plant that produces more electricity than it uses and is hooked up to the grid. The prospect of fusion energy is deeply attractive because it does not release greenhouse gases and 1kg of fusion fuel contains about 10m times as much energy as 1kg of coal, oil or gas.
如果 Iter 的进展一切顺利,下一步就是建立一个欧洲示范电厂,该电厂产生的电量大于其耗费的电量,并与电网相连。核聚变能量的前景非常有吸引力,因为它不会释放温室气体,而且 1 千克的聚变燃料所创造的能量是同重量煤、石油或天然气的 1000 万倍。
加入会员可查看
主编:桃子、Jack
品控:桃子
审核:Jack
重点词汇
nuclear fusion
核聚变
相关短语:nuclear fission(核裂变)
文化补充:如今普遍使用的核能是由裂变产生,它依赖于原子的分裂,但这个过程会产生具有数万年放射性的废料。而核聚变更安全,是将两个或多个原子融合成一个更大的原子,旨在模仿太阳上发生的核聚变,因此这一过程也被成为“人造太阳”。聚变在释放巨大热能的过程中可以产生更少的废料,并且只需要少量丰富的天然燃料,比如从海水中提取元素,是世界各国淘汰化石燃料的一个颇具吸引力的选择。
in quest for sth.
寻找某样东西
相关词汇:quest(n.(长期的)探索,渴求)
搭配短语:the quest for truth
搭配短语:the quest for knowledge
例句:People journeyed to the distant Arrakis in quest of spices.
harness
/ˈhɑːr.nəs/
v. 控制;利用......的动力
英文释义:to control and use the natural force or power of something
例句:We can harness the power of the wind to generate electricity.
sustained
/səˈsteɪnd/
adj. 持续的,持久的
搭配短语:a period of sustained economic development
generate
/ˈdʒen.ə.reɪt/
v.(以某种形式)产生(能量等)
英文释义:to produce energy in a particular form
搭配短语:to generate electricity
equivalent
/ɪˈkwɪv.əl.ənt/
adj. 相等的,等同的
搭配短语:be equivalent to sth.
例句:Eight kilometres is roughly equivalent to five miles.
feat
/fiːt/
n. 成就,壮举,功绩
搭配短语:an amazing / astonishing / incredible / remarkable feat(非常了不起的成就)
例句:Building those tunnels is a brilliant feat of engineering.
refinement
/rɪ'faɪn.mənt/
n.(精细的)改进,完善
相关词汇:refine(v. 工业上的提纯,精炼;改进,完善)
搭配短语:to refine the software
例句:The program has bugs and needs endless refinements.
hail
/heɪl/
v. 称颂,赞扬;招呼,招手叫车
搭配短语:to hail a taxi(呼叫一辆出租车)
搭配短语:ride-hailing service(打车服务)
例句:The Winter Olympics was hailed as a great success.(称颂,赞扬)
milestone
/ˈmaɪl.stoʊn/
n. 里程碑,重大事件
相关词汇:mile(n. 英里)
相关词汇:stone(n. 石头)
例句:China reached a milestone in space
feasible
/ˈfiː.zə.bəl/
adj. 可行的,行得通的
近义词:viable
例句:It's perfectly feasible to produce electricity without creating pollution.
isotope
/ˈaɪ.sə.toʊp/
n. 同位素
demonstration
/ˌdem.ənˈstreɪ.ʃən/
n. 演示,示范
补充:Iter 的建设工作正在进行中,一旦完成,Iter 有望迎来聚变能源发展的下一个阶段——核聚变示范电厂(demonstration fusion plants),也称为 DEMO,其目标是首次利用核聚变发电。各国研究小组都在探索 DEMO 概念和方案,虽然每个国家有不同的时间表,但科学家们普遍认为,他们可以在 2050 年前建成并运行能够发电的 DEMO 型反应堆。
hook up to sth.
连接到电子设备(或系统等);接通
相关词汇:hook(n. 钩子,挂钩)
例句:Check that the computer is hooked up to the printer.
grid
/grɪd/
n. 电力网,输电网;格子,网格
例句:The streets were laid out in a grid pattern.
加入会员可查看