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3个月用python刷完leetcode600题!-数组简单题(

2017-06-16  本文已影响964人  文哥的学习日记

十五天的时间,刷完了所有的简单题,避免遗忘,所以开始简单题的二刷,第一遍刷题的时候过得速度比较快,因为我觉得基础不好的我,不要硬着头皮去想最优的方法,而是应该尽量去学一些算法思想,所以每道题只给自己5-10分钟的时间想,想不出来的就去找相关的答案,所以刷的比较快。二刷的时候按照leetcode官方给出的题目分类展开,同时,将解题思路记录于简书加深印象。
想要一起刷题的小伙伴,我们一起加油吧!
我的github连接:https://github.com/princewen/leetcode_python

169、Majority Element

Majority Element

注意最多的元素出现的次数大于数组长度的一半,所以使用如下的代码,在最极端的情况下,最后的count都会大于0,cand就是所要找的元素

class Solution(object):
    def majorityElement(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        cand = nums[0]
        count = 1
        for i in nums[1:]:
            if count == 0:
                cand, count = i, 1
            else:
                if i == cand:
                    count = count + 1
                else:
                    count = count - 1
        return cand

189、Rotate Array

Rotate Array

直接拼接数组:

class Solution(object):
    def rotate(self, nums, k):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :type k: int
        :rtype: void Do not return anything, modify nums in-place instead.
        """
        n = len(nums)
        nums[:] = nums[n - k:] + nums[:n - k]

217、Contains Duplicate

Contains Duplicate

利用set不能保存重复元素的特性,判断前后两个数组长度是否相同即可:

class Solution(object):
    def rotate(self, nums, k):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :type k: int
        :rtype: void Do not return anything, modify nums in-place instead.
        """
        n = len(nums)
        nums[:] = nums[n - k:] + nums[:n - k]

219、 Contains Duplicate II

Contains Duplicate II

仍然用dict保存数组元素出现的位置,两种情况下更新:

class Solution(object):
    def containsNearbyDuplicate(self, nums, k):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :type k: int
        :rtype: bool
        """
        dic = dict()
        for index,value in enumerate(nums):
            if value in dic and index - dic[value] <= k:
                return True
            dic[value] = index
        return False

268. Missing Number

Missing Number

利用数学公式进行求解即可:

class Solution(object):
    def missingNumber(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        n = len(nums)
        return n * (n+1) / 2 - sum(nums)

283. Move Zeroes

Move Zeroes

遍历数组,用一个变量记录当前不为0的个数,同时也是新不为零元素插入的位置:

class Solution(object):
    def moveZeroes(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: void Do not return anything, modify nums in-place instead.
        """
        index = 0
        for num in nums:
            if num != 0:
                nums[index] = num
                index += 1
        for i in range(index,len(nums)):
            nums[i] = 0

414. Third Maximum Number

Third Maximum Number

这里用三个值记录前三大的数字,要注意是三个不同的数字,重复的数字不记录排序,所以要注意判断条件:

class Solution(object):
    def thirdMax(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        max1 = max2= max3=None
        for num in nums:
            if num > max1:
                max2,max3 = max1,max2
                max1=num
            elif num > max2 and num < max1:
                max2,max3= num,max2
            elif num > max3 and num < max2:
                max3 = num
        return max1 if max3==None else max3

448. Find All Numbers Disappeared in an Array

Find All Numbers Disappeared in an Array

这个题就比较神奇了,注意到数组元素个数跟元素范围是一样的,所以我们可以把出现过的元素对应下标位置的数字变成负数,最后把所有正数对应的下标拿出来,就是缺失的数字。

class Solution(object):
    def findDisappearedNumbers(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: List[int]
        """
        for i in range(len(nums)):
            index = abs(nums[i]) - 1
            nums[index] = -abs(nums[index])
        return [i + 1 for i in range(len(nums)) if nums[i] > 0]

485. Max Consecutive Ones

Max Consecutive Ones

求数组中连续的1的最多个数,遍历数组即可:

class Solution(object):
    def findMaxConsecutiveOnes(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        cnt = 0
        ans = 0
        for num in nums:
            if num == 1:
                cnt = cnt + 1
                ans = max(ans,cnt)
            else:
                cnt = 0
        return ans

532. K-diff Pairs in an Array

K-diff Pairs in an Array

如果k大于0,则返回两个set的交集
如果k=0,则计数,找出出现1次以上的元素的个数
如果k小于0,返回0

class Solution(object):
    def findPairs(self, nums, k):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :type k: int
        :rtype: int
        """
        if k>0:
            return len(set(nums) & set(n+k for n in nums))
        elif k==0:
            return sum(v>1 for v in collections.Counter(nums).values())
        else:
            return 0

561、Array Partition I

Array Partition I

就是返回排序后第1,3,5,。。2n-1小的数

class Solution(object):
    def arrayPairSum(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        return sum(sorted(nums)[::2])

566. Reshape the Matrix

Reshape the Matrix

将数组转换为1行,然后根据要转换的行列数进行转换

class Solution(object):
    def matrixReshape(self, nums, r, c):
        """
        :type nums: List[List[int]]
        :type r: int
        :type c: int
        :rtype: List[List[int]]
        """
        if len(nums) * len(nums[0]) != r * c:
            return nums
        else:
            onerow = [nums[i][j] for i in range(len(nums)) for j in range(len(nums[0]))]
            return [onerow[t * c:(t + 1) * c] for t in range(r)]

581、Shortest Unsorted Continuous Subarray

Shortest Unsorted Continuous Subarray

all_same[::-1]返回的不是从正向数的索引,返回的是以最后一个元素为0索引,倒数第二个元素为1索引的反向数列的索引值:

class Solution(object):
    def findUnsortedSubarray(self, nums):
        """
        :type nums: List[int]
        :rtype: int
        """
        all_same = [a == b for (a, b) in zip(nums, sorted(nums))]
        return 0 if all(all_same) else len(nums) - all_same.index(False) - all_same[::-1].index(False)

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