神器 SpringDoc 横空出世!最适合 SpringBoot
之前在SpringBoot项目中一直使用的是SpringFox提供的Swagger库,上了下官网发现已经有接近两年没出新版本了!前几天升级了SpringBoot 2.6.x 版本,发现这个库的兼容性也越来越不好了,有的常用注解属性被废弃了居然都没提供替代!无意中发现了另一款Swagger库SpringDoc,试用了一下非常不错,推荐给大家!
SpringDoc简介
SpringDoc是一款可以结合SpringBoot使用的API文档生成工具,基于OpenAPI 3,目前在Github上已有1.7K+Star,更新发版还是挺勤快的,是一款更好用的Swagger库!值得一提的是SpringDoc不仅支持Spring WebMvc项目,还可以支持Spring WebFlux项目,甚至Spring Rest和Spring Native项目,总之非常强大,下面是一张SpringDoc的架构图。
使用
接下来我们介绍下SpringDoc的使用,使用的是之前集成SpringFox的mall-tiny-swagger项目,我将把它改造成使用SpringDoc。
集成
首先我们得集成SpringDoc,在pom.xml中添加它的依赖即可,开箱即用,无需任何配置。
<!--springdoc 官方Starter-->org.springdocspringdoc-openapi-ui1.6.6
从SpringFox迁移
我们先来看下经常使用的Swagger注解,看看SpringFox的和SpringDoc的有啥区别,毕竟对比已学过的技术能该快掌握新技术;
接下来我们对之前Controller中使用的注解进行改造,对照上表即可,之前在@Api注解中被废弃了好久又没有替代的description属性终于被支持了!
/**
* 品牌管理Controller
* Created by macro on 2019/4/19.
*/@Tag(name ="PmsBrandController", description ="商品品牌管理")@Controller@RequestMapping("/brand")publicclassPmsBrandController{@AutowiredprivatePmsBrandService brandService;privatestaticfinalLogger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PmsBrandController.class);@Operation(summary ="获取所有品牌列表",description ="需要登录后访问")@RequestMapping(value ="listAll", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBodypublicCommonResult> getBrandList() {returnCommonResult.success(brandService.listAllBrand()); }@Operation(summary ="添加品牌")@RequestMapping(value ="/create", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")publicCommonResult createBrand(@RequestBodyPmsBrand pmsBrand) { CommonResult commonResult; int count = brandService.createBrand(pmsBrand);if(count ==1) { commonResult = CommonResult.success(pmsBrand); LOGGER.debug("createBrand success:{}", pmsBrand); }else{ commonResult = CommonResult.failed("操作失败"); LOGGER.debug("createBrand failed:{}", pmsBrand); }returncommonResult; }@Operation(summary ="更新指定id品牌信息")@RequestMapping(value ="/update/{id}", method = RequestMethod.POST)@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")publicCommonResult updateBrand(@PathVariable("id")Longid,@RequestBodyPmsBrand pmsBrandDto, BindingResult result) { CommonResult commonResult; int count = brandService.updateBrand(id, pmsBrandDto);if(count ==1) { commonResult = CommonResult.success(pmsBrandDto); LOGGER.debug("updateBrand success:{}", pmsBrandDto); }else{ commonResult = CommonResult.failed("操作失败"); LOGGER.debug("updateBrand failed:{}", pmsBrandDto); }returncommonResult; }@Operation(summary ="删除指定id的品牌")@RequestMapping(value ="/delete/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")publicCommonResult deleteBrand(@PathVariable("id")Longid) { int count = brandService.deleteBrand(id);if(count ==1) { LOGGER.debug("deleteBrand success :id={}", id);returnCommonResult.success(null); }else{ LOGGER.debug("deleteBrand failed :id={}", id);returnCommonResult.failed("操作失败"); } }@Operation(summary ="分页查询品牌列表")@RequestMapping(value ="/list", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")publicCommonResult> listBrand(@RequestParam(value ="pageNum", defaultValue ="1")@Parameter(description ="页码")Integer pageNum,@RequestParam(value ="pageSize", defaultValue ="3")@Parameter(description ="每页数量")Integer pageSize) { List brandList = brandService.listBrand(pageNum, pageSize);returnCommonResult.success(CommonPage.restPage(brandList)); }@Operation(summary ="获取指定id的品牌详情")@RequestMapping(value ="/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)@ResponseBody@PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")publicCommonResult brand(@PathVariable("id")Longid) {returnCommonResult.success(brandService.getBrand(id)); }}
接下来进行SpringDoc的配置,使用OpenAPI来配置基础的文档信息,通过GroupedOpenApi配置分组的API文档,SpringDoc支持直接使用接口路径进行配置。
/**
* SpringDoc API文档相关配置
* Created by macro on 2022/3/4.
*/@ConfigurationpublicclassSpringDocConfig{@BeanpublicOpenAPImallTinyOpenAPI(){returnnewOpenAPI() .info(newInfo().title("Mall-Tiny API") .description("SpringDoc API 演示") .version("v1.0.0") .license(newLicense().name("Apache 2.0").url("https://github.com/macrozheng/mall-learning"))) .externalDocs(newExternalDocumentation() .description("SpringBoot实战电商项目mall(50K+Star)全套文档") .url("http://www.macrozheng.com")); }@BeanpublicGroupedOpenApipublicApi(){returnGroupedOpenApi.builder() .group("brand") .pathsToMatch("/brand/**") .build(); }@BeanpublicGroupedOpenApiadminApi(){returnGroupedOpenApi.builder() .group("admin") .pathsToMatch("/admin/**") .build(); }}
结合SpringSecurity使用
由于我们的项目集成了SpringSecurity,需要通过JWT认证头进行访问,我们还需配置好SpringDoc的白名单路径,主要是Swagger的资源路径;
/**
* SpringSecurity的配置
* Created by macro on 2018/4/26.
*/@Configuration@EnableWebSecurity@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity httpSecurity) throws Exception {httpSecurity.csrf()// 由于使用的是JWT,我们这里不需要csrf.disable().sessionManagement()// 基于token,所以不需要session.sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and().authorizeRequests().antMatchers(HttpMethod.GET,// Swagger的资源路径需要允许访问"/","/swagger-ui.html","/swagger-ui/","/*.html","/favicon.ico","/**/*.html","/**/*.css","/**/*.js","/swagger-resources/**","/v3/api-docs/**").permitAll().antMatchers("/admin/login")// 对登录注册要允许匿名访问.permitAll().antMatchers(HttpMethod.OPTIONS)//跨域请求会先进行一次options请求.permitAll().anyRequest()// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证.authenticated(); }}
然后在OpenAPI对象中通过addSecurityItem方法和SecurityScheme对象,启用基于JWT的认证功能。
/**
* SpringDoc API文档相关配置
* Created by macro on 2022/3/4.
*/@ConfigurationpublicclassSpringDocConfig{privatestaticfinalString SECURITY_SCHEME_NAME ="BearerAuth";@BeanpublicOpenAPImallTinyOpenAPI(){returnnewOpenAPI() .info(newInfo().title("Mall-Tiny API") .description("SpringDoc API 演示") .version("v1.0.0") .license(newLicense().name("Apache 2.0").url("https://github.com/macrozheng/mall-learning"))) .externalDocs(newExternalDocumentation() .description("SpringBoot实战电商项目mall(50K+Star)全套文档") .url("http://www.macrozheng.com")) .addSecurityItem(newSecurityRequirement().addList(SECURITY_SCHEME_NAME)) .components(newComponents() .addSecuritySchemes(SECURITY_SCHEME_NAME,newSecurityScheme() .name(SECURITY_SCHEME_NAME) .type(SecurityScheme.Type.HTTP) .scheme("bearer") .bearerFormat("JWT"))); }}
测试
接下来启动项目就可以访问Swagger界面了,访问地址:http://localhost:8088/swagger-ui.html
我们先通过登录接口进行登录,可以发现这个版本的Swagger返回结果是支持高亮显示的,版本明显比SpringFox来的新;
然后通过认证按钮输入获取到的认证头信息,注意这里不用加bearer前缀;
之后我们就可以愉快地访问需要登录认证的接口了;
看一眼请求参数的文档说明,还是熟悉的Swagger样式!
常用配置
SpringDoc还有一些常用的配置可以了解下,更多配置可以参考官方文档。
springdoc:swagger-ui:# 修改Swagger UI路径path:/swagger-ui.html# 开启Swagger UI界面enabled:trueapi-docs:# 修改api-docs路径path:/v3/api-docs# 开启api-docsenabled:true# 配置需要生成接口文档的扫描包packages-to-scan:com.macro.mall.tiny.controller# 配置需要生成接口文档的接口路径paths-to-match:/brand/**,/admin/**
总结
在SpringFox的Swagger库好久不出新版的情况下,迁移到SpringDoc确实是一个更好的选择。今天体验了一把SpringDoc,确实很好用,和之前熟悉的用法差不多,学习成本极低。而且SpringDoc能支持WebFlux之类的项目,功能也更加强大,使用SpringFox有点卡手的朋友可以迁移到它试试!
参考资料
项目地址:https://github.com/springdoc/springdoc-openapi
官方文档:https://springdoc.org/
项目源码地址
https://github.com/macrozheng/mall-learning/tree/master/mall-tiny-springdoc
来源:
https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/scityFhZp9BOJorZSdCG0w