快速搭建 linux 源码调试环境

mytags: myblog
title: 快速搭建 linux 源码调试环境
date: 2023-08-26 21:21:40
categories: [linux]
tags: [linux, debug, 源码]

本文主要介绍如何快速搭建 linux 源码调试环境

Makefile

ARCH := arm64 
CROSS_COMPILE := aarch64-linux-gnu-

KDIR = linux-5.18.2
KSRC_URL = https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kernel/v5.x/$(KDIR).tar.xz

KIMG = $(KDIR)/arch/arm64/boot/Image
DTB = mydtb/my.dto
DTS = $(DTB:.dto=.dts)

all: $(KDIR) $(KDIR)/.config
    make -C $(KDIR) ARCH=$(ARCH) CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) Image -j8

$(KIMG): 
    make all

$(KDIR):
    @echo "Download $(KDIR)"
    @wget -c $(KSRC_URL) && tar -xf $(KDIR).tar.xz

$(KDIR)/.config:
    make defconfig

# 默认配置并开启调试功能
defconfig: 
    make -C $(KDIR) ARCH=$(ARCH) CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) defconfig
    $(KDIR)/scripts/config --file $(KDIR)/.config   \
        --set-val CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO y                       \
        --enable CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_DWARF_TOOLCHAIN_DEFAULT  \
        --disable CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_NONE                    \
        --disable CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_SPLIT                   \
        --disable CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_BTF                     \
        --disable CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_REDUCED                 \
        --disable CONFIG_DEBUG_INFO_COMPRESSED              \
        --disable CONFIG_GDB_SCRIPTS                        \
        --disable CONFIG_DEBUG_EFI
    make -C $(KDIR) ARCH=$(ARCH) CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) oldconfig

menuconfig:
    make -C $(KDIR) ARCH=$(ARCH) CROSS_COMPILE=$(CROSS_COMPILE) menuconfig 

$(DTS):
    mkdir -p $(dir $@)
    qemu-system-aarch64 -M  virt,dumpdtb=$(DTB) -nographic
    dtc -I dtb -O dts $(DTB) > $@

dtb: $(DTS)
    dtc -I dts -O dtb $< -o $(DTB)

$(DTB): 
    make dtb

qemu: $(KIMG) $(DTB)
    qemu-system-aarch64 -M  virt -cpu cortex-a53 -smp 2 -m 2048 -kernel $(KIMG) -dtb $(DTB) -nographic

debug: $(KIMG) $(DTB)
    qemu-system-aarch64 -M  virt -cpu cortex-a53 -smp 2 -m 2048 -kernel $(KIMG) -dtb $(DTB) -nographic -S -s

PHONY += dtb all defconfig qemu debug menuconfig
.PHONY: $(PHONY)

直接执行 make debug

然后配置 vscode

.vscode/launch.json

{
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(gdb) 启动",
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${workspaceFolder}/linux-5.18.2/vmlinux",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,       // 在进入debug 后暂停程序
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,    // 调试对象启动控制台
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "/usr/bin/gdb-multiarch",
            "miDebuggerServerAddress": "localhost:1234",
        }
    ]
}

前提环境

对于 Ubuntu 需安装

sudo apt-get install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu
sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev  build-essential git bison flex libssl-dev gdb-multiarch

gdb-multiarch 适用于多平台的调试, 真不错