背景

服务器有两个网卡enp7s0和enp8s0    

服务器设置

服务器需要通过enp8s0和互联网联通，互联网为笔记本转接

最初设置

通过centos7界面修改ip，失败；

通过centos7的网络配置文件/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-enp8s0修改ip设置

设置如下：

最初设置

无法启动

1.启动 service network start 报错，通过journalctl -xe查看如下

-- Defined-By: systemd

-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel

--

-- Unit fprintd.service has begun starting up.

12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost dbus-daemon[851]: dbus[851]: [system] Successfully activated service 'net.reactivated.Fprint'

12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost dbus[851]: [system] Successfully activated service 'net.reactivated.Fprint'

12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost systemd[1]: Started Fingerprint Authentication Daemon.

-- Subject: Unit fprintd.service has finished start-up

-- Defined-By: systemd

-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel

--

-- Unit fprintd.service has finished starting up.

--

-- The start-up result is done.

12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]: Launching FprintObject

12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]: ** Message: D-Bus service launched with name: net.reactivated.Fprint

12月 29 19:31:12 crrchost fprintd[6685]: ** Message: entering main loop

12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost polkitd[835]: Operator of unix-session:1 successfully authenticated as unix-user:windfarm to gain TEMPORARY authorization for action org.freedesktop.systemd1.manage-units for system-bus

12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...

-- Subject: Unit network.service has begun start-up

-- Defined-By: systemd

-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel

--

-- Unit network.service has begun starting up.

12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost network[6693]: 正在打开环回接口： [  确定  ]

12月 29 19:31:18 crrchost network[6693]: 正在打开接口 enp7s0：

12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]: 正在确定 enp7s0 的 IP 信息...失败：不存在链接。检查电缆？

12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]: [失败]

12月 29 19:31:24 crrchost network[6693]: 正在打开接口 enp8s0： RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: [  确定  ]

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost network[6693]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down networking.

-- Subject: Unit network.service has failed

-- Defined-By: systemd

-- Support: http://lists.freedesktop.org/mailman/listinfo/systemd-devel

--

-- Unit network.service has failed.

--

-- The result is failed.

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed state.

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service failed.

12月 29 19:31:25 crrchost polkitd[835]: Unregistered Authentication Agent for unix-process:6669:319312 (system bus name :1.263, object path /org/freedesktop/PolicyKit1/AuthenticationAgent, locale zh_CN.UTF-8) (d

3.systemctl status network.service查看如下：

● network.service - LSB: Bring up/down networking

  Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/network; bad; vendor preset: disabled)

  Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since 六 2018-12-29 18:38:17 CST; 1min 24s ago

    Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)

  Process: 909 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/network start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Bring up/down networking...

12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost network[909]: 正在打开环回接口： [  确定  ]

12月 29 18:38:06 crrchost network[909]: 正在打开接口 enp7s0：

12月 29 18:38:12 crrchost network[909]: 正在确定 enp7s0 的 IP 信息...失败：…？

12月 29 18:38:12 crrchost network[909]: [失败]

12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost network[909]: 正在打开接口 enp8s0： [  确定  ]

12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service: control process exi...=1

12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Bring up/down n...g.

12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: Unit network.service entered failed ...e.

12月 29 18:38:17 crrchost systemd[1]: network.service failed.

Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

修复

1.参考网络方法停用NetworkManager，依旧报错

     systemctl stop NetworkManager

    systemctl disable NetworkManager

2.比对两个网卡的MAC地址和配置文件的MAC地址

    a.查看mac地址配置，ipconfig

    b.查看配置文件中的macd地址是否匹配，ifcfg-enp8s0和ifcfg-enp7s0,

       按照网络方法增加一行HWADDR=ipconfig查询到的对应网卡MAC地址；

    c.重启network服务依旧报错；

3.通过GUI界面查看网络，提示“系统的网络服务与此版本的网络管理器不兼容”

    这与之前停掉NetworkManager有关，此处不表；

4.因为ifcfg-enp7s0实际上没有插网线，修正其配置文件如下：

    ONBOOT=no

    重新启动服务后网络正常；

 停用没使用的网卡

5.检查网络

ping网络

总结

1.network 和NetworkManager不同，通过界面和通过配置文件，可能会导致配置混乱，且NetworkManager有些程序不支持，需要停用；

2.BOOTPROTO=none 虽然可以表示静态ip，但是如果要启用，必须设置其为

BOOTPROTO=static 或BOOTPROTO=dhcp

3.一个网卡没哟被启用，也就是没有设置动态ip或静态ip，是无法被初始化的，不能设置ONBOOT=yes

其他人的说明

In Centos7.0 disabling NetworkManager will leave a dhcp client running configured for NetworkManager. This causes the error message RTNETLINK answers: File exists when the network service is started.

The stale dhclient process has the additional "benefit" that when the lease expires your dhclientwill choke, since it cannot reach NetWorkManager, thus removing your IP address.

If you grep for it, you will see that it points to a NetWorkManager configuration file.

[root@host ~]# ps -ef | grep dhc

root      1865  792  0 Apr28 ?        00:00:00 /sbin/dhclient -d -sf \

/usr/libexec/nm-dhcp-helper -pf /var/run/dhclient-eno1.pid -lf\

/var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-c96e56d3-a4c9-4a87-85ca-93dc0ca268f2-eno1.lease\

-cf /var/lib/NetworkManager/dhclient-eno1.conf eno1

So what you can do is kill the dhclient and only then start your network service.