Java Reflections

2023-03-14 本文已影响0人老鼠AI大米_Java全栈

1. 简介

reflections 是一个 Java 反射工具包，使用它可以非常方便的获取一下字段或者方法。

2. maven

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.reflections</groupId>
    <artifactId>reflections</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.12</version>
</dependency>

3. 配置

最简单的配置，就是直接指定扫描包：

Reflections reflections = new Reflections("java.util");

当然，也可以：

@Test
public void config(){
    ConfigurationBuilder configurationBuilder = new ConfigurationBuilder();
    //扫描vip.mycollege.jdk.reflect包
    Collection<URL> scannerPkg = ClasspathHelper.forPackage("vip.mycollege.jdk.reflect");

    SubTypesScanner subTypesScanner = new SubTypesScanner();

    //注解扫描
    TypeAnnotationsScanner typeAnnotationsScanner = new TypeAnnotationsScanner();

    FilterBuilder filter = new FilterBuilder()
            .includePackage("vip.mycollege.jdk.reflect")//注解扫描包
            .excludePackage("vip.mycollege.jdk.reflect.thirdpart");//注解扫描扫描排除包
    typeAnnotationsScanner.filterResultsBy(filter);

    ConfigurationBuilder configuration = configurationBuilder
            .setUrls(scannerPkg)
            .setScanners(subTypesScanner, typeAnnotationsScanner);

    Reflections reflections = new Reflections(configuration);
}

4. 通过类型扫描

@Test
public void newInstance(){
    Reflections reflections = new Reflections("java.util");
    //获取List及其子类
    Set<Class<? extends List>> listImpls = reflections.getSubTypesOf(List.class);
    listImpls.forEach(System.out::println);
}

5. 通过注解扫描

@Test
public void methodAnnotationsScanner(){
    Reflections reflections = new Reflections(SCAN_PKG);
    //方法上有Deprecated注解
    Set<Method> resources = reflections.getMethodsAnnotatedWith(Deprecated.class);
    //有PostConstruct注解的构造方法
    Set<Constructor> injectables = reflections.getConstructorsAnnotatedWith(PostConstruct.class);
}

@Test
public void FieldAnnotationsScanner(){
    //指定包下有Nonnegative的字段
    Reflections reflections = new Reflections(SCAN_PKG);
    Set<Field> ids = reflections.getFieldsAnnotatedWith(Nonnegative.class);
}

6. 方法相关

@Test
public void methodParameterScanner(){
    Reflections reflections = new Reflections(SCAN_PKG);
    //参数类型是long和int
    Set<Method> someMethods = reflections.getMethodsMatchParams(long.class, int.class);
    //参数返回值是void
    Set<Method> voidMethods = reflections.getMethodsReturn(void.class);
    //任何参数上有注解Nullable
    Set<Method> pathParamMethods = reflections.getMethodsWithAnyParamAnnotated(Nullable.class);

    for(Method method : someMethods) {
        //获取方法参数的名称
        List<String> parameterNames = reflections.getMethodParamNames(method);
        parameterNames.forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}

7. 工具类

@Test
public void reflectionUtils(){
    //必须是public方法
    Predicate<Method> publicPredicate = ReflectionUtils.withModifier(Modifier.PUBLIC);
    //有get前缀
    Predicate<Method> getPredicate = ReflectionUtils.withPrefix("get");
    //参数个数为0
    Predicate<Member> paramPredicate = ReflectionUtils.withParametersCount(0);
    Set<Method> methods = ReflectionUtils.getAllMethods(LinkedList.class, publicPredicate, getPredicate, paramPredicate);
    methods.forEach(method -> System.out.println(method.getName()));

    System.out.println("---------------");
    //参数必须是Collection及其子类
    Predicate<Member> paramsPredicate = ReflectionUtils.withParametersAssignableTo(Collection.class);
    //返回类型是boolean
    Predicate<Method> returnPredicate = ReflectionUtils.withReturnType(boolean.class);
    methods = ReflectionUtils.getAllMethods(LinkedList.class, paramsPredicate, returnPredicate);
    methods.forEach(method -> System.out.println(method.getName()));

    System.out.println("---------------");
    //字段有注解Native
    Predicate<Field> annotationPredicate = ReflectionUtils.withAnnotation(Native.class);
    //字段类型是int及其子类
    Predicate<Field> typeAssignablePredicate = ReflectionUtils.withTypeAssignableTo(int.class);
    Set<Field> fields = ReflectionUtils.getAllFields(Integer.class, annotationPredicate, typeAssignablePredicate);
//        Set<Field> fields = ReflectionUtils.getAllFields(Integer.class, annotationPredicate);
//        Set<Field> fields = ReflectionUtils.getAllFields(Integer.class, typeAssignablePredicate);
    fields.forEach(field -> System.out.println(field.getName()));
}

Reflection框架还可以：

获取某个类型的全部子类
只要类型、构造器、方法，字段上带有特定注解，便能获取带有这个注解的全部信息（类型、构造器、方法，字段）
获取所有能匹配某个正则表达式的资源
获取所有带有特定签名的方法，包括参数，参数注解，返回类型
获取所有方法的名字
获取代码里所有字段、方法名、构造器的使用

import com.coding.springboot.domain.Docker;
import com.coding.springboot.domain.User;
import com.google.common.base.Stopwatch;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.reflections.scanners.FieldAnnotationsScanner;
import org.reflections.scanners.MethodAnnotationsScanner;
import org.reflections.scanners.MethodParameterScanner;
import org.reflections.scanners.ResourcesScanner;
import org.reflections.util.ClasspathHelper;
import org.reflections.util.ConfigurationBuilder;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

/**
 * @author micocube
 * projectName: utils4j
 * packageName: com.coding.reflect
 * email: ldscube@gmail.com
 * createTime: 2019-07-05 16:20
 * version: 0.1
 * description: reflection 框架
 *  Reflection依赖了谷歌的Guava包，出现此问题可能是因为缺少Guava或者包冲突。
 *  Reflections 0.9.11用的是Guava 20，Reflection 0.9.10用的是Guava 18，
 *  如果需要用Guava 18，则只能用Reflection 0.9.10版本。
 * <dependency>
 *     <groupId>org.reflections</groupId>
 *     <artifactId>reflections</artifactId>
 *     <version>0.9.11</version>
 * </dependency>
 *
 *
 * 1.获取某个类型的全部子类
 * 2.只要类型、构造器、方法，字段上带有特定注解，便能获取带有这个注解的全部信息（类型、构造器、方法，字段）
 * 3.获取所有能匹配某个正则表达式的资源
 * 4.获取所有带有特定签名的方法，包括参数，参数注解，返回类型
 * 5.获取所有方法的名字
 * 6.获取代码里所有字段、方法名、构造器的使用
 */
public class Reflections {

    //获取所有Inputstream的子类，限定只扫包前缀为“java”的，也就是jdk自带的
    @Test
    public void testPackage(){
        org.reflections.Reflections  reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections("java.");
        Stopwatch stopwatch   = Stopwatch.createStarted();
        Set<Class<? extends InputStream>> allTypes    = reflections.getSubTypesOf(InputStream.class);
        System.out.println(stopwatch.toString());
        for (Class type : allTypes) {
            System.out.println("Found:"+type.getName());
        }
    }


    // com.coding 包下的所有带有service注解的类
    @Test
    public void testAnnotationType(){
        org.reflections.Reflections  reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections("com.coding");
        Stopwatch stopwatch   = Stopwatch.createStarted();
        Set<Class<?>> classes = reflections.getTypesAnnotatedWith(Service.class);
        System.out.println(stopwatch.toString());
        for (Class type : classes) {
            System.out.println("Found:"+type.getName());
        }
    }


    // 假如想扫描整个工程的类，直接new一个不带参数的Reflections就好。
    // 值得一提的是，这东西在扫描的时候，连依赖的jar包都不放过。以Spring框架的BeanFactory为例：
    @Test
    public void testSubType2(){
        org.reflections.Reflections reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections();
        Set<Class<? extends BeanFactory>> classes = reflections.getSubTypesOf(BeanFactory.class);

        for(Class clazz : classes) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("Found: " + clazz.getName());
        }
    }


    // 所有带RequestMapping注解的方法
    @Test
    public void testAnnotationMethod(){
        org.reflections.Reflections reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections(
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                        .setUrls(ClasspathHelper.forPackage("com.coding"))
                        .addScanners(new MethodAnnotationsScanner()));

        Set<Method> annotatedWith = reflections.getMethodsAnnotatedWith(RequestMapping.class);

        for(Method p : annotatedWith) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("Found: " + p.getName());
        }
    }

    // 所有properties文件
    @Test
    public void testResource(){
        org.reflections.Reflections reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections(
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                        .setUrls(ClasspathHelper.forPackage("com.coding"))
                        .addScanners(new ResourcesScanner()));

        Set<String> properties =
                reflections.getResources(Pattern.compile(".*\\.properties"));

        for(String p : properties) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("Found: " + p);
        }
    }

    // 所有带Deprecated注解的构造方法
    @Test
    public void testAnnotationConstractor(){
        org.reflections.Reflections reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections(
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                        .setUrls(ClasspathHelper.forPackage("com.coding"))
                        .addScanners(new MethodAnnotationsScanner()));

        Set<Constructor> annotated = reflections.getConstructorsAnnotatedWith(Deprecated.class);
        for(Constructor p : annotated) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("Found: " + p.getName());
        }
    }

    // 所有带Id注解的构造方法
    @Test
    public void testAnnotationField(){
        org.reflections.Reflections reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections(
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                        .setUrls(ClasspathHelper.forPackage("com.coding"))
                        .addScanners(new FieldAnnotationsScanner()));

        Set<Field> annotated = reflections.getFieldsAnnotatedWith(Id.class);
        for(Field p : annotated) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("Found: " + p.getName());
        }
    }

    // MethodParameterScanner 方法参数扫描器
    @Test
    public void testMethodParameter(){
        org.reflections.Reflections reflections = new org.reflections.Reflections(
                new ConfigurationBuilder()
                        .setUrls(ClasspathHelper.forPackage("com.coding"))
                        .addScanners(new MethodParameterScanner()));

        //MethodParameterScanner
        Set<Method> someMethods =
                reflections.getMethodsMatchParams(String[].class);
        Set<Method> voidMethods =
                reflections.getMethodsReturn(User.class);
        Set<Method> pathParamMethods =
                reflections.getMethodsWithAnyParamAnnotated(PathVariable.class);


        for(Method p : someMethods) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("方法参数符合String[]的class：Found: " + p.getName());
        }

        for(Method p : voidMethods) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("返回值为User的方法：Found: " + p.getName());
        }
        for(Method p : pathParamMethods) {
            //logger.info(clazz.getName());
            System.out.println("参数带有PathVariable注解的方法：Found: " + p.getName());
        }
    }


    // 测试框架自带的工具类
    @Test
    public void testReflectionUtils(){
        // 所有get方法
        Set<Method> getters = org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.getAllMethods(User.class,
                org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withModifier(Modifier.PUBLIC),
                org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withPrefix("get"),
                org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withParametersCount(0));

        // 参数是Collection的子类，返回值是boolean
        Set<Method> listMethodsFromCollectionToBoolean =
                org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.getAllMethods(List.class,
                        org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withParametersAssignableTo(Collection.class),
                        org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withReturnType(boolean.class));

        // field 带有Column注解，类型是String的子类
        Set<Field> fields = org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.getAllFields(Docker.class,
                org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withAnnotation(Column.class),
                org.reflections.ReflectionUtils.withTypeAssignableTo(String.class));

        getters.forEach(get->System.out.println("getter:"+get));
        listMethodsFromCollectionToBoolean.forEach(get->System.out.println("listMethodsFromCollectionToBoolean:"+get));
        fields.forEach(get->System.out.println("fields:"+get));
    }
}

Java Reflections

1. 简介

2. maven

3. 配置

4. 通过类型扫描

5. 通过注解扫描

6. 方法相关

7. 工具类

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