读书学英文｜<被讨厌的勇气> The Unknown Third

一提到心理学，

人们往往只想到

弗洛伊德或荣格的名字，

但在世界上，

阿德勒

是与弗洛伊德、荣格并列的

三大巨头之一。

📖

I think it is fair to say that Adlerian psychology is clearly in line with Greek philosophy, and that it is a proper field of study.

阿德勒心理学可以说是与希腊哲学一脉相承的思想，也是一门学问。

in line with

与…相似；与…处于同等水平 

The company's results are in line with stock market expectations.

公司业绩与股票市场预期一致。

We're seeking a pay rise that's in line with inflation.

我们在努力争取使加薪幅度与通货膨胀相挂钩。

The salaries of temporary employees ought to be brought into line with those of permanent staff.

临时工的工资应该与固定工的工资保持同等水平。

📖

Adler was one of the original core members of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, which was led by Freud. His ideas were counter to Freud’s, and he split from the group and proposed an “individual psychology” based on his own original theories.

阿德勒原本是弗洛伊德主持的维也纳精神分析协会的核心成员。但是，两人后来因观点对立而从团队里分离出来，于是阿德勒根据自己的理论开创了“个体心理学”。

counter to

相反地；对立地

Bob's decision not to take the job ran counter to his family's expectations.

鲍勃不接受这份工作的决定与其家人的期望相悖。

📖

For one thing, Adler and Freud were relatively close in age, and the relationship they formed as researchers was founded upon equal footing. In this respect, Adler was very different from Jung, who revered Freud as a father figure.

阿德勒和弗洛伊德年龄相仿，是平等的研究者关系，这一点完全不同于把弗洛伊德视若父亲一样仰慕的荣格。

be on an equal, firm, etc. footing

在平等／稳固（等等）的情形下

Men and women should be able to compete for jobs on an equal footing.

男性和女性应该在平等的基础上竞争工作岗位。

father figure

父亲般的人；长者

📖

As he himself said, “There might come a time when one will not remember my name; one might even have forgotten that our school ever existed.” Then he went on to say that it didn’t matter. The implication being that if his school were forgotten, it would be because his ideas had outgrown the bounds of a single area of scholarship, and become commonplace, and a feeling shared by everyone.

阿德勒自己就曾说：“将来也许没人会想起我的名字。甚至人们会忘记阿德勒派。”但是，他说即使如此也没有关系。因为他认为阿德勒派本身被遗忘就意味着他的思想已经由一门学问蜕变成了人们的共同感觉。

school

学派，流派

the Impressionist school of painting

印象画派

commomplace

陈词滥调；寒暄客套；老生常谈

We exchanged commonplaces about the weather over cups of tea.

我们喝了几杯茶，就天气方面的话题寒暄了几句。

📖

Dale Carnegie, who wrote the international bestsellers How to Win Friends and Influence People and How to Stop Worrying and Start Living, referred to Adler as “a great psychologist who devoted his life to researching humans and their latent abilities.” The influence of Adler’s thinking is clearly present throughout his writings.

全球畅销书《人性的弱点》和《人性的优点》而闻名的戴尔·卡耐基也曾评价阿德勒为“终其一生研究人及人的潜力的伟大心理学家”，而且其著作中也体现了很多阿德勒的思想。

refer to sth/sb as

把…称作

He always refers to the house as his "refuge".

他总是把这座房子称为他的“避难所”。

devote sth to sth/sb

将…贡献给，把…奉献给

He left the Senate to devote more time to his family.

为了能有更多时间陪伴家人，他离开了参议院。

She has devoted all her energies/life to the care of homeless people.

她为照料无家可归者倾注了全部心血／奉献了一生。