2018考研英语阅读二翻译

A new survey by Harvard University finds more than two-thirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president’s social media platform.

哈佛大学一项新的调查发现，超过三分之二的美国年轻人不赞同特朗普总统使用推特（Twitter）。言外之意就是千禧之子们更希望信息是从白宫发布而不是通过其他途径，不是总统的社交平台。

Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, people may be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2016 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.

大部分美国人依赖于社交媒体获取每日资讯。然而由于对所有媒体的不信任有所增加，人们开始提高他们的媒体素养能力。这是一种势不可挡的趋势。根据牛津大学的研究，在2016年总统大选期间，网络上接近四分之一的信息是虚假新闻，而这些新闻的来源是对总统选举有重要作用的密歇根州的推特用户。BuzzFeed的一项调查发现44%的脸书用户很少甚至从不相信媒体巨头的新闻。

Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace. A Knight Foundation focus-group survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They cross-check sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.

事实上，年轻的土著网民在网络上甄选信息的能力愈加娴熟。Knight Foundation专注于对14-24岁的年轻群体做研究，他们发现年轻群体使用“部分信任”来辨别信息。他们反复审视获取的资源，偏向于从不同的视角浏览信息，尤其是那些带有偏见的新闻。调查发现“年轻人担负着进行自我教育的责任同时也积极发现不同的观点”。

Such active research can have another effect. A 2014 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of Wisconsin-Madison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to greater political engagement.

这一积极的研究也产生了其他影响。2014年，威星康斯大学在澳大利亚、英国和美国进行了一项调查，该调查发现依赖于社交媒体的年轻人会提高政治参与度。

Social media allows users to experience news events more intimately and immediately while also permitting them to re-share news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than made-up stories or factual mistakes in reporting.

社交媒体不仅可以让用户及时掌握新闻资讯同时也允许用户通过转发分享自己的观点和兴趣。这就要求用户在信息传递的过程中更加谨慎。巴尔纳研究组的调查发现美国人认为虚假新闻现象的首因是“读者误解”而并非是报道中编造的故事或者是事实错误。

About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group.

约有三分之一的用户认为虚假新闻的问题在于通过社交媒体夸大或者是误解了事实。换句话说，在社交媒体上选择要分享的新闻是这一问题的核心。巴尔纳研究组的主编Roxanne Stone认为，这表明面对这一问题，个人需要承担实际责任。

So when young people are critical of an over-tweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.

所以当年轻人指责总统过多使用Twitter的时候，他们表现出了一种思考技能的心智能力，以及何时在社交媒体上分享信息的选择。