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CoreData基本使用

2018-05-02  本文已影响6人  YvanLiu

前几天项目里面加入了CoreData,第一次用,记录一下,这里只记录创建项目之后添加的CoreData。
demo地址: CoreDataDemo

1. 创建CoreData模型文件

2. 创建项目中需要用到的实体(Entities),这里已person为例,创建一个Person实体(类)

3. 修改刚创建的实体类名字,并添加属性


4. 设置CoreData模型文件


5.生成实体的模型文件




6. 到此实体类创建完成,但真正使用时候还要生成上下文关联文件,我直接封装成了单例方便使用

a. 创建单例文件 PersonManager
b. 引入头文件、实例化、写单例,

.h

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import <CoreData/CoreData.h>
#import "Person+CoreDataClass.h"
@interface PersonManager : NSObject
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSManagedObjectContext *context;
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSFetchRequest *request;

+ (instancetype)shareManager;

.m

#import "PersonManager.h"
@implementation PersonManager

static PersonManager *personManager;
+ (instancetype)shareManager {
    static dispatch_once_t onceToken;
    dispatch_once(&onceToken, ^{
        personManager =[[self alloc] init];
    });
    return personManager;
}

- (instancetype)init {
    if (self =[super init]) {
        
    }
    return self;
}

c. 生成CoreData上下文关联文件
        //1、创建模型对象获、取模型路径
        NSURL *modelURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:@"PersonData" withExtension:@"momd"];
        //根据模型文件创建模型对象
        NSManagedObjectModel *model = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:modelURL];
        //2、创建持久化助理、利用模型对象创建助理对象
        NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model];
        //数据库的名称和路径
        NSString *docStr = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
        NSString *sqlPath = [docStr stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"coreData.sqlite"];
        NSLog(@"path = %@", sqlPath);
        NSURL *sqlUrl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlPath];
        //设置数据库相关信息
        [store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:sqlUrl options:nil error:nil];
        //3、创建上下文
        NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] initWithConcurrencyType:NSMainQueueConcurrencyType];
        //关联持久化助理
        [context setPersistentStoreCoordinator:store];
        self.context = context;
        self.request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Person"];

7. 到此关联完成,单例创建完成,继续在单例中进行封装: 增、删、改、查

- (NSArray <Person *>*)readAllData {
    // 检索条件制空就是搜索全部
    self.request.predicate = nil;
    return [self.context executeFetchRequest:self.request error:nil];
}
- (BOOL)insertDataWithPersonID:(NSString *)personID name:(NSString *)name age:(int16_t)age photo:(NSString *)photo {
    Person * person =[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Person" inManagedObjectContext:self.context];
    person.personID =personID;
    person.name     =name;
    person.age      =age;
    person.photo    =photo;
    
    NSError *error = nil;
    if ([self.context save:&error]) {
        return YES;
    }
    return NO;
}
- (BOOL)deleteDataWithPersonID:(NSString *)personID {
    //删除条件
    NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"personID = %@",personID];
    self.request.predicate = pre;
    //返回需要删除的对象数组
    NSArray *deleArray = [_context executeFetchRequest:self.request error:nil];
    //从数据库中删除
    for (Person *person in deleArray) {
        [self.context deleteObject:person];
    }
    NSError *error = nil;
    if ([self.context save:&error]) {
        return YES;
    }
    return NO;
}
// 这里dict中的key与value要与person中属性和名字都相同
- (BOOL)upDateDataWithPersonID:(NSString *)personID dict:(NSDictionary *)updateDict {
    NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"personID = %@",personID];
    self.request.predicate = pre;
    NSArray *resArray = [self.context executeFetchRequest:self.request error:nil];
    for (Person *person in resArray) {
        for (NSString *key in [updateDict allKeys]) {
            [person setValue:updateDict[key] forKey:key];
        }
    }
    NSError *error = nil;
    if ([self.context save:&error]) {
        return YES;
    }
    return NO;
}
- (Person *)searchDataWithPersonID:(NSString *)personID {
    //查询条件
    NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"personID = %@",personID];
    self.request.predicate = pre;
    //发送查询请求,并返回结果
    NSArray *resArray = [self.context executeFetchRequest:self.request error:nil];
    if (resArray.count>0) {
        return [resArray firstObject];
    }
    return nil;
}

8. 增删改查基本操作已经封装好,接下来就是使用了,用法也比较简单

简单写了一个tableView,具体代码就不写了,写几个查询方法吧,

   // 读取全部写入数组中
   [self.dataSource addObjectsFromArray:[[PersonManager shareManager] readAllData]];
   // 插入数据到数据库中 
   [[PersonManager shareManager] insertDataWithPersonID:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",personId]
                                                   name:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"客服%02d",personId]
                                                    age:arc4random()%20
                                                  photo:@"photo"];
   // 从数据库中查询
   [self.dataSource addObject:[[PersonManager shareManager] searchDataWithPersonID:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",personId]]];
   // 删除数据
   [[PersonManager shareManager] deleteDataWithPersonID:person.personID];

9.这应该是最基础的CoreData用法,没有多表没有联表查询,以后用到再更新。

demo地址: CoreDataDemo
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