先新建文件

vim ./install-mysql.sh

1.不多说，上代码

#!/bin/bash

userName="mysql"
userGroup="mysql"

version=$1
if [ -z "$version" ]; then
  version="5.7.30"
fi

getVersionMain(){
  string=$1
  array=(${string//./ })
  unset array[2]
  versionM=""
  for var in "${array[@]}"; do
    if [ -z "$versionM" ]; then
      versionM="$var"
    else
      versionM+=".$var"
    fi
  done
  echo "$versionM"
}

versionMax=$(getVersionMain "$version")

installDir="$2"
if [ -z "$installDir" ]; then
  installDir="/usr/local/mysql"
fi

dataDir="$3"
if [ -z "$dataDir" ]; then
  dataDir="/data/mysql"
fi

fileName="mysql-$version.tar.gz"

if ! wget -O "$fileName" "https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-$versionMax/mysql-$version-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz"; then
  echo "wget download mysql-$version fail"
  exit 1
fi

if [ ! -f "$fileName" ]; then
  echo "$fileName not found"
  exit 1
fi

if ! tar -zxvf "$fileName"; then
  echo "decompression fail"
  exit 1
fi

mv "mysql-$version-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64" "$installDir"

groupadd "$userGroup"
useradd -r -g "$userGroup" "$userName"

mkdir -p "$dataDir"
chown mysql:mysql -R "$dataDir"

echo "[mysqld]
bind-address=0.0.0.0
port=3306
user=mysql
basedir=$installDir  #这是刚才重命名的目录
datadir=$dataDir       #这是刚才建立的数据存放目录
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=$dataDir/mysql.err
pid-file=$dataDir/mysql.pid

#character config
character_set_server=utf8mb4
symbolic-links=0
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true" >>/etc/my.cnf

ln -s "$installDir"/bin/* /usr/bin

mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --basedir="$installDir" --datadir="$dataDir" --user=mysql --initialize

psword=$(cat "$dataDir/mysql.err" | grep 'root@localhost:')

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

/etc/init.d/mysq start

echo "数据库初始化密码为：$psword"

2.命令

chmod +x ./install-mysql.sh

./install-mysql.sh 
#./install-mysql.sh 5.7.30  /usr/local/mysql /data/mysql
#./install-mysql.sh 版本 安装路径 数据存放目录

3.修改默认密码

执行上面代码安装完毕后会输出密码

#如果没有输出则用下面密码进行查看
cat /data/mysql/mysql.err | grep 'root@localhost:'

#.... for root@localhost: s2dHVkYb1j+%  ....其中 s2dHVkYb1j+% 就是密码

登录mysql

mysql -u root -p
#依次输入下面命令，然后重新登录
SET PASSWORD = PASSWORD('123456');
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES; 

4.开启远程访问，请阅读下篇文章

https://www.jianshu.com/p/fb559b899eb9