精读丨新概念3 Lesson 8——A Famous Monas
The Great St. Bernard Pass connects Switzerland to Italy. At 2,473 metres, it is the highest mountain pass in Europe. The famous monastery of St. Bernard, which was founded in eleventh century, lies about a mile away. For hundreds of years, St. Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass. These friendly dogs, which were first brought from Asia, were used as watchdogs even in Roman times. Now that a tunnel has been built through the mountains, the Pass is less dangerous, but each year, the dogs are still sent out into the snow whenever a traveller is in difficulty. Despite the new tunnel, there are still a few people who rashly attempt to cross the Pass on foot.
圣伯纳德大山口连接着瑞士与意大利，海拔2,473O米，是欧洲最高的山口。11世纪建造的著名的圣伯纳德修道院位于离山口1英里远的地方。几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院驯养狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命。那些最先从亚洲引进的狗，待人友好，早在罗马时代就给人当看门狗了。如今由于山里开挖了隧道，翻越山口已不那么危险了。但每年还要派狗到雪山地里去帮助那些遇到困难的旅游者，尽管修通了隧道，但仍有一些人想冒险徒步跨越圣伯纳德山口。
During the summer months, the monastery is very busy, for it is visited by thousands of people who cross the Pass in cars. As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure. In winter, however, life at the monastery is quite different. The temperature drops to –30○degree and very few people attempt to cross the Pass. The monks prefer winter to summer of they have more privacy. The dogs have greater freedom, too, for they are allowed to wander outside their enclosure. The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are parties of skiers who go there at Christmas and Easter. These young people, who love the peace of mountains, always receive a warm welcome at St. Bernard's monastery.
夏天的几个月里，修道院十分忙碌，因为有成千上万的人驾车通过山口，顺道来修道院参观。由于来人太多，狗被关在专门的围栏里。然而到了冬天，修道院里的生活则是另一番景象。气温下降到零下30度，试图跨越山口的人寥寥无几。修道士们喜欢冬天，而不太喜欢夏天。因为在冬天，他们可以更多地过无人打扰的生活。狗也比较自由，被放出围栏，四处遛达。冬天常来修道院参观的只有一批批滑雪者。他们在圣诞节或复活节到那儿去。这些热爱高山清静环境的年轻人每年都受到圣伯纳德道院的热烈欢迎。
生词解析与拓展
Monastery[ˈmɑːnəsteri]
n. 修道院，寺院；a sacred building where monks live
同类词：
convent：女修道院，A sacred building where nuns live
temple：n.寺庙
abbot：n.男修道院院长
abbess：n.女修道院院长
St. Bernard
St. Bernard：圣伯纳德
St.=saint（n.圣人, 圣徒 adj.神圣的）
同类词：
saint：n.圣人
sage：n.圣人，智者
Easter[ˈiːstər]
n.复活节
西方节日：
Christmas：圣诞节
Thanksgiving day：感恩节
Valentine's day：情人节
Halloween：万圣节
中国传统节日：
Tomb-Sweeping Day：清明节
Dragon boat festival：端午节
Mid-Autumn /Moon Festival：中秋节
Lantern festival：元宵节
Lie[laɪ]
v.躺，卧，位于
n.谎言，位置
例：
The lake lies(位于） beyond this hill.
His interest lies in (在于）music.
相关词汇：
Lie, Lay, Lain, Lying （vi.位于, 躺, 平放）
Lie, Lied, Lied, Lying（vi.说谎）
Lay, Laid, Laid, Lying（vt.放置, 产卵）
Rash[ræʃ]
adj.轻率的，鲁莽的
n.皮疹
相关词汇：
rashly attempt = unthinkingly try；鲁莽尝试
rush：v.猛攻，突袭；n.匆忙
reckless：adj.鲁莽的
Drop[drɑːp]
v.下降，放下
n.滴，空头
表数量减少的词：
decrease/decline/descend/fall
表数量增加的词：
increase/rise/jump/rocket
Skier[ˈskiːər]
n. 滑雪者
相关词汇：
skiing：滑雪
sleigh：雪橇
snowboarding：滑雪板
skateboard：滑板
slide：滑梯，幻灯片
句子解析与语法
For hundreds of years, St Bernard dogs have saved the lives of travellers crossing the dangerous Pass.
翻译：几百年来，圣伯纳德修道院驯养狗拯救了许多翻越这道山口的旅游者的生命
解析：此处的语法特点是crossing the dangerous pass做定语修饰travelers，crossing现在分词作定语，有表述进行和主动的意思。
As there are so many people about, the dogs have to be kept in a special enclosure.
翻译：由于周围四处都是来客，狗被关在专门的围栏里。
解析：as引导的原因状语从句，从句为as there are so many people about，译为因为四处都是来客；这里使用about大家可能不知所以然，其实about可翻译为“在…周围，在四周”，等于around。
The only regular visitors to the monastery in winter are a parties of skiers who go there at Chrismas and Easter.
翻译：冬天常来修道院参观的只有一批批滑雪者。他们在圣诞节或复活节到那儿去。
解析：此句为定语从句，主句由句子the only regular visitors to the monastery in winter 作主语，a parties of skiers 作宾语；who go there at Chrismas and Easter作定语修饰skiers。a party of 译为“一群，一批”。
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