54_深入聚合数据分析_string field聚合实验以及fi
54_深入聚合数据分析_string field聚合实验以及fielddata原理初探
1、对于分词的field执行aggregation,发现报错。。。
先进行聚合操作,发现报错
GET /test_index/test_type/_search
{
"aggs": {
"group_by_test_field": {
"terms": {
"field": "test_field"
}
}
}
}
错误信息如下:
{
"error": {
"root_cause": [
{
"type": "illegal_argument_exception",
"reason": "Fielddata is disabled on text fields by default. Set fielddata=true on [test_field] in order to load fielddata in memory by uninverting the inverted index. Note that this can however use significant memory."
}
],
"type": "search_phase_execution_exception",
"reason": "all shards failed",
"phase": "query",
"grouped": true,
"failed_shards": [
{
"shard": 0,
"index": "test_index",
"node": "4onsTYVZTjGvIj9_spWz2w",
"reason": {
"type": "illegal_argument_exception",
"reason": "Fielddata is disabled on text fields by default. Set fielddata=true on [test_field] in order to load fielddata in memory by uninverting the inverted index. Note that this can however use significant memory."
}
}
],
"type": "illegal_argument_exception",
"reason": "Fielddata is disabled on text fields by default. Set fielddata=true on [test_field] in order to load fielddata in memory by uninverting the inverted index. Note that this can however use significant memory."
}
},
"status": 400
}
对分词的field,直接执行聚合操作,会报错,大概意思是说,你必须要打开fielddata,然后将正排索引数据加载到内存中,才可以对分词的field执行聚合操作,而且会消耗很大的内存
2、给分词的field,设置fielddata=true,发现可以执行,但是结果却。。。
先给tes_type中t需要分词的的fielddata设置为true
POST /test_index/_mapping/test_type
{
"properties": {
"test_field": {
"type": "text",
"fielddata": true
}
}
}
查看test_index的索引mapping
GET test_index/mapping/test_type
{
"test_index": {
"mappings": {
"test_type": {
"properties": {
"test_field": {
"type": "text",
"fields": {
"keyword": {
"type": "keyword",
"ignore_above": 256
}
},
"fielddata": true
}
}
}
}
}
}
}
这个时候再进行聚合操作,发现正常了
GET /test_index/test_type/_search
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_test_field": {
"terms": {
"field": "test_field"
}
}
}
}
可以返回聚合结果
{
"took": 23,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0,
"hits": []
},
"aggregations": {
"group_by_test_field": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": "test",
"doc_count": 2
}
]
}
}
}
如果要对分词的field执行聚合操作,必须将fielddata设置为true
3、使用内置field不分词,对string field进行聚合
对不分词的field,直接进行聚合操作
GET /test_index/test_type/_search
{
"size": 0,
"aggs": {
"group_by_test_field": {
"terms": {
"field": "test_field.keyword"
}
}
}
}
查看聚合结果,发现可以进行
{
"took": 3,
"timed_out": false,
"_shards": {
"total": 5,
"successful": 5,
"failed": 0
},
"hits": {
"total": 2,
"max_score": 0,
"hits": []
},
"aggregations": {
"group_by_test_field": {
"doc_count_error_upper_bound": 0,
"sum_other_doc_count": 0,
"buckets": [
{
"key": "test",
"doc_count": 2
}
]
}
}
}
如果对不分词的field执行聚合操作,直接就可以执行,不需要设置fieldata=true
4、分词field+fielddata的工作原理
doc value --> 不分词的所有field,可以执行聚合操作 --> 如果你的某个field不分词,那么在index-time,就会自动生成doc value --> 针对这些不分词的field执行聚合操作的时候,自动就会用doc value来执行
分词field,是没有doc value的。。。在index-time,如果某个field是分词的,那么是不会给它建立doc value正排索引的,因为分词后,占用的空间过于大,所以默认是不支持分词field进行聚合的
分词field默认没有doc value,所以直接对分词field执行聚合操作,是会报错的
对于分词field,必须打开和使用fielddata,完全存在于纯内存中。。。结构和doc value类似。。。如果是ngram或者是大量term,那么必将占用大量的内存。。。
如果一定要对分词的field执行聚合,那么必须将fielddata=true,然后es就会在执行聚合操作的时候,现场将field对应的数据,建立一份fielddata正排索引,fielddata正排索引的结构跟doc value是类似的,但是只会讲fielddata正排索引加载到内存中来,然后基于内存中的fielddata正排索引执行分词field的聚合操作
如果直接对分词field执行聚合,报错,才会让我们开启fielddata=true,告诉我们,会将fielddata uninverted index,正排索引,加载到内存,会耗费内存空间
为什么fielddata必须在内存?因为大家自己思考一下,分词的字符串,需要按照term进行聚合,需要执行更加复杂的算法和操作,如果基于磁盘和os cache,那么性能会很差