iOS9之3D Touch

一、主屏幕快速选项(Home Screen Quick Actions)

主屏幕快速选项就是指在主屏幕上按压应用icon时出现一系列的快捷选项，如图说示：

IMG_0287.png

实现主屏幕快速选项有2种方式：静态快速选项和动态快速选项

• 1.0 静态快速选项
  在info.plist文件中定义UIApplicationShortcutItems数组
  <key>UIApplicationShortcutItems</key>
  <array>
  <dict>
  <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemIconFile</key> // 自定义图片 可选属性
  <string>share.png</string> // 图片名
  
  <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemSubtitle</key> // 副标题 可选属性
  <string>这是分享</string>
  <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemTitle</key> // 主标题 必须有
  <string>分享</string>
  <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemType</key> // item表示 必须有
  <string>3dtouch.share</string>
  <key>UIApplicationShortcutItemUserInfo</key> // 数据 可选
  <dict>
  <key>url</key>
  <string>index</string>
  </dict>
  </dict>
  </array>

• 2.0 动态快速选项
  在iOS9中，UIApplication中增加了shortcutItems的属性，
  @class UIApplicationShortcutItem;
  @interface UIApplication (UIShortcutItems)
  // Register shortcuts to display on the home screen, or retrieve currently registered shortcuts.
  @property (nullable, nonatomic, copy) NSArray<UIApplicationShortcutItem *> *shortcutItems NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);
  @end
  UIApplicationShortcutItem就是我们创建的每一个快速选项，放到shortcutItems数组中就可以了，我们可以在- (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(nullable NSDictionary *)launchOptions NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);方法中代码创建，代码如下：
  - (BOOL)application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions {
  // UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithTemplateImageName:@"down"]; 使用自定义图片icon
  UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon = [UIApplicationShortcutIcon iconWithType:UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch]; // 使用系统icon
  UIApplicationShortcutItem *item1 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"3dtouch.search" localizedTitle:@"搜索" localizedSubtitle:@"11" icon:icon userInfo:nil];
  // UIApplicationShortcutItem *item1 = [[UIApplicationShortcutItem alloc] initWithType:@"3dtouch.home" localizedTitle:@"搜索"];
  [[UIApplication sharedApplication] setShortcutItems:@[item1]];
  // Override point for customization after application launch.
  return YES;
  }
  我们来看看UIApplicationShortcutItem这个类
  @interface UIApplicationShortcutItem : NSObject <NSCopying, NSMutableCopying>

  - (instancetype)init NS_UNAVAILABLE;
  - (instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle localizedSubtitle:(nullable NSString *)localizedSubtitle icon:(nullable UIApplicationShortcutIcon *)icon userInfo:(nullable NSDictionary *)userInfo NS_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER;
  - (instancetype)initWithType:(NSString *)type localizedTitle:(NSString *)localizedTitle;
  
  // An application-specific string that identifies the type of action to perform.
  @property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *type;
  
  // Properties controlling how the item should be displayed on the home screen.
  @property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString *localizedTitle;
  @property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSString       *localizedSubtitle;
  @property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) UIApplicationShortcutIcon *icon;
  
  // Application-specific information needed to perform the action.
  // Will throw an exception if the NSDictionary is not plist-encodable.
  @property (nullable, nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSDictionary<NSString *, id <NSSecureCoding>> *userInfo;
  
  @end
  

UIApplicationShortcutItem有3种创建方式，我们主要使用用第二种和第三种方式，第二种方式参数比较全面，有些可以为空有些不能为空，第三种方式的参数都是必填，至于哪些参数为必须，哪些是非必须的，与静态快速选项是一致的，可以参照上面静态快速选项的介绍。在创建UIApplicationShortcutItem时，如果需要icon，我们会使用到UIApplicationShortcutIcon
@class UIImage;

    typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIApplicationShortcutIconType) {
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeCompose,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePlay,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypePause,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeAdd,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeLocation,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeSearch,
        UIApplicationShortcutIconTypeShare
    } NS_ENUM_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0); // 系统提供icon

    NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0)
    @interface UIApplicationShortcutIcon : NSObject <NSCopying>

    // Create an icon using a system-defined image.
    + (instancetype)iconWithType:(UIApplicationShortcutIconType)type; // 使用系统icon

    // Create an icon from a custom image.
    // The provided image named will be loaded from the app's bundle
    // and will be masked to conform to the system-defined icon style.
    + (instancetype)iconWithTemplateImageName:(NSString *)templateImageName; // 使用自定义icon

    @end

这样我们的主屏幕快速选项就基本完成了，主屏幕快速选项静态和动态创建的总数量不能超过4个，超过部分会不显示，而且静态创建的会优先创建出来。快速选项样式不能自定义，只能是使用系统样式，如果你想图片固定在文字左边，或是文字加颜色或换行之类的需求是做不到的。

• 3.0 从快速选项进入应用
  iOS9新增方法- (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(void(^)(BOOL succeeded))completionHandler NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(9_0);使我们可以从快速选项进入应用
  - (void)application:(UIApplication *)application performActionForShortcutItem:(nonnull UIApplicationShortcutItem *)shortcutItem completionHandler:(nonnull void (^)(BOOL))completionHandler
  {
  if ([shortcutItem.type isEqualToString:@"3dtouch.share"]) { // 判断点击的是哪个快速选项
  NSLog(@"进入分享");
  UIStoryboard *storyboard = [UIStoryboard storyboardWithName:@"Main" bundle:nil];
  UINavigationController *controller = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"main"];

    ShareViewController *shareVC = [storyboard instantiateViewControllerWithIdentifier:@"ShareViewController"];
    [controller pushViewController:shareVC animated:YES];
    self.window.rootViewController = controller;
    [self.window makeKeyAndVisible];
    }
  

二、peek和pop