2021-10-31 TSP旅行商问题
2021-10-31 本文已影响0人
程博颖
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import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class Code01_TSP {
public static int t1(int[][] matrix) {
int N = matrix.length; // 0...N-1
// set
// set.get(i) != null i这座城市在集合里
// set.get(i) == null i这座城市不在集合里
List<Integer> set = new ArrayList<>();
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
set.add(1);
}
return func1(matrix, set, 0);
}
// 任何两座城市之间的距离,可以在matrix里面拿到
// set中表示着哪些城市的集合,
// start这座城一定在set里,
// 从start出发,要把set中所有的城市过一遍,最终回到0这座城市,最小距离是多少
public static int func1(int[][] matrix, List<Integer> set, int start) {
int cityNum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < set.size(); i++) {
if (set.get(i) != null) {
cityNum++;
}
}
if (cityNum == 1) {
return matrix[start][0];
}
// 不只start这一座城
set.set(start, null);
int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
for (int i = 0; i < set.size(); i++) {
if (set.get(i) != null && i != start) {
// start -> i i... -> 0
int cur = matrix[start][i] + func1(matrix, set, i);
min = Math.min(min, cur);
}
}
set.set(start, 1);
return min;
}
public static int t2(int[][] matrix) {
int N = matrix.length; // 0...N-1
// 7座城 1111111
int allCity = (1 << N) - 1;
return f2(matrix, allCity, 0);
}
// 任何两座城市之间的距离,可以在matrix里面拿到
// set中表示着哪些城市的集合,
// start这座城一定在set里,
// 从start出发,要把set中所有的城市过一遍,最终回到0这座城市,最小距离是多少
public static int f2(int[][] matrix, int cityStatus, int start) {
// cityStatus == cityStatux & (~cityStaus + 1)
if (cityStatus == (cityStatus & (~cityStatus + 1))) {
return matrix[start][0];
}
// 把start位的1去掉,
cityStatus &= (~(1 << start));
int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
// 枚举所有的城市
for (int move = 0; move < matrix.length; move++) {
if (move != start && (cityStatus & (1 << move)) != 0) {
int cur = matrix[start][move] + f2(matrix, cityStatus, move);
min = Math.min(min, cur);
}
}
cityStatus |= (1 << start);
return min;
}
public static int t3(int[][] matrix) {
int N = matrix.length; // 0...N-1
// 7座城 1111111
int allCity = (1 << N) - 1;
int[][] dp = new int[1 << N][N];
for (int i = 0; i < (1 << N); i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < N; j++) {
dp[i][j] = -1;
}
}
return f3(matrix, allCity, 0, dp);
}
// 任何两座城市之间的距离,可以在matrix里面拿到
// set中表示着哪些城市的集合,
// start这座城一定在set里,
// 从start出发,要把set中所有的城市过一遍,最终回到0这座城市,最小距离是多少
public static int f3(int[][] matrix, int cityStatus, int start, int[][] dp) {
if (dp[cityStatus][start] != -1) {
return dp[cityStatus][start];
}
if (cityStatus == (cityStatus & (~cityStatus + 1))) {
dp[cityStatus][start] = matrix[start][0];
} else {
// 把start位的1去掉,
cityStatus &= (~(1 << start));
int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
// 枚举所有的城市
for (int move = 0; move < matrix.length; move++) {
if (move != start && (cityStatus & (1 << move)) != 0) {
int cur = matrix[start][move] + f3(matrix, cityStatus, move, dp);
min = Math.min(min, cur);
}
}
cityStatus |= (1 << start);
dp[cityStatus][start] = min;
}
return dp[cityStatus][start];
}
public static int t4(int[][] matrix) {
int N = matrix.length; // 0...N-1
int statusNums = 1 << N;
int[][] dp = new int[statusNums][N];
for (int status = 0; status < statusNums; status++) {
for (int start = 0; start < N; start++) {
if ((status & (1 << start)) != 0) {
if (status == (status & (~status + 1))) {
dp[status][start] = matrix[start][0];
} else {
int min = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
// start 城市在status里去掉之后,的状态
int preStatus = status & (~(1 << start));
// start -> i
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
if ((preStatus & (1 << i)) != 0) {
int cur = matrix[start][i] + dp[preStatus][i];
min = Math.min(min, cur);
}
}
dp[status][start] = min;
}
}
}
}
return dp[statusNums - 1][0];
}
// matrix[i][j] -> i城市到j城市的距离
public static int tsp1(int[][] matrix, int origin) {
if (matrix == null || matrix.length < 2 || origin < 0 || origin >= matrix.length) {
return 0;
}
// 要考虑的集合
ArrayList<Integer> cities = new ArrayList<>();
// cities[0] != null 表示0城在集合里
// cities[i] != null 表示i城在集合里
for (int i = 0; i < matrix.length; i++) {
cities.add(1);
}
// null,1,1,1,1,1,1
// origin城不参与集合
cities.set(origin, null);
return process(matrix, origin, cities, origin);
}
// matrix 所有距离,存在其中
// origin 固定参数,唯一的目标
// cities 要考虑的集合,一定不含有origin
// 当前来到的城市是谁,cur
public static int process(int[][] matrix, int aim, ArrayList<Integer> cities, int cur) {
boolean hasCity = false; // 集团中还是否有城市
int ans = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
for (int i = 0; i < cities.size(); i++) {
if (cities.get(i) != null) {
hasCity = true;
cities.set(i, null);
// matrix[cur][i] + f(i, 集团(去掉i) )
ans = Math.min(ans, matrix[cur][i] + process(matrix, aim, cities, i));
cities.set(i, 1);
}
}
return hasCity ? ans : matrix[cur][aim];
}
// cities 里,一定含有cur这座城
// 解决的是,集合从cur出发,通过集合里所有的城市,最终来到aim,最短距离
public static int process2(int[][] matrix, int aim, ArrayList<Integer> cities, int cur) {
if (cities.size() == 1) {
return matrix[cur][aim];
}
cities.set(cur, null);
int ans = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
for (int i = 0; i < cities.size(); i++) {
if (cities.get(i) != null) {
int dis = matrix[cur][i] + process2(matrix, aim, cities, i);
ans = Math.min(ans, dis);
}
}
cities.set(cur, 1);
return ans;
}
public static int tsp2(int[][] matrix, int origin) {
if (matrix == null || matrix.length < 2 || origin < 0 || origin >= matrix.length) {
return 0;
}
int N = matrix.length - 1; // 除去origin之后是n-1个点
int S = 1 << N; // 状态数量
int[][] dp = new int[S][N];
int icity = 0;
int kcity = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
icity = i < origin ? i : i + 1;
// 00000000 i
dp[0][i] = matrix[icity][origin];
}
for (int status = 1; status < S; status++) {
// 尝试每一种状态 status = 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
// 下标 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
// i 枚举的出发城市
dp[status][i] = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
if ((1 << i & status) != 0) {
// 如果i这座城是可以枚举的,i = 6 , i对应的原始城的编号,icity
icity = i < origin ? i : i + 1;
for (int k = 0; k < N; k++) { // i 这一步连到的点,k
if ((1 << k & status) != 0) { // i 这一步可以连到k
kcity = k < origin ? k : k + 1; // k对应的原始城的编号,kcity
dp[status][i] = Math.min(dp[status][i], dp[status ^ (1 << i)][k] + matrix[icity][kcity]);
}
}
}
}
}
int ans = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
icity = i < origin ? i : i + 1;
ans = Math.min(ans, dp[S - 1][i] + matrix[origin][icity]);
}
return ans;
}
public static int[][] generateGraph(int maxSize, int maxValue) {
int len = (int) (Math.random() * maxSize) + 1;
int[][] matrix = new int[len][len];
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
matrix[i][j] = (int) (Math.random() * maxValue) + 1;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
matrix[i][i] = 0;
}
return matrix;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int len = 10;
int value = 100;
System.out.println("功能测试开始");
for (int i = 0; i < 20000; i++) {
int[][] matrix = generateGraph(len, value);
int origin = (int) (Math.random() * matrix.length);
int ans1 = t3(matrix);
int ans2 = t4(matrix);
int ans3 = tsp2(matrix, origin);
if (ans1 != ans2 || ans1 != ans3) {
System.out.println("fuck");
}
}
System.out.println("功能测试结束");
len = 22;
System.out.println("性能测试开始,数据规模 : " + len);
int[][] matrix = new int[len][len];
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < len; j++) {
matrix[i][j] = (int) (Math.random() * value) + 1;
}
}
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
matrix[i][i] = 0;
}
long start;
long end;
start = System.currentTimeMillis();
t4(matrix);
end = System.currentTimeMillis();
System.out.println("运行时间 : " + (end - start) + " 毫秒");
System.out.println("性能测试结束");
}
}