横竖屏切换
需求
近期项目遇到个横竖屏切换的问题,较为复杂,在此记之。
1、Activity中竖屏嵌套3个Fragment,本文简称竖屏FP1,FP2,FP3。
2、其中竖屏FP1与FP2可以切换为横屏的FL1,FL2,即竖屏FP1切换到对应的横屏FL1,竖屏FP2对应切换到横屏FL2。
3、FP3不允许横竖屏切换。
4、竖屏FP1,FP2,FP3用ViewPager实现左右滑动切换。
5、横屏的FL1,FL2用布局中的切换按扭实现左右切换,不允许滑动切换。
看到这需求有点儿晕菜了吧!!!呵呵!!!
(一)先说说我走过的弯路,将横竖屏切换在一个Activity中实现。
(1)、在一个Activity中实现横竖屏切换难在什么地方呢?主要是横竖屏切换,Activity有它自己的生命周期、Fragment也有它的生命周期,而且Activity的生命周期左右着Fragment的生命周期。最复杂的地方是,首次横竖屏切换时,Activity的onDestory()方法会执行,在执行此方法之前,Fragment的onDestoryView()首先会获得执行,接着会执行onCreateView()方法。而首次切换到横屏时,Activity的onCreate()方法会执行,接着横屏FL1的onCreateView()方法又会执行,这样的话,Fragment的布局就会发生覆盖。(这是我在做的时候发现的问题,不知道其他人是否遇到)。
(2)、在一个Activity中横竖屏切换,竖屏布局与横屏布局不一样,本文示例竖屏为Activity中嵌套3个Fragment,横屏嵌套2个Fragment,首先会有很多页面状态需要记录,其次就是Activity与Fragment的生命周期关系问题,确实挺复杂,控制这里面的状态,只有做过的人才知道有多苦。
(二)可取的办法,将横竖屏切换在两个Activity中实现
三、解决问题思路
1、首先当然是要让两个Activity能够横竖切,这里首先需要在AndroidManifest.xml中配置两个Activity能够横竖切换,配置如下:
<activity
android:name=".ActivityPort"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateAlwaysHidden|adjustPan">
<intent-filter>
<actionandroid:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>
<categoryandroid:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
<activity
android:name=".ActivityLand"
android:configChanges="orientation|keyboardHidden|screenSize"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateAlwaysHidden|adjustPan"/>
2、竖屏Activity的切换到横屏Activity的时候,通过Intent跳转到横屏的Activity,然后将当前Activity给finish()掉。反之也是一样的逻辑。那么现在面临的一个问题是什么,这个跳转写在什么地方,写在onDestory()方法中显然是不合适的,因为这个方法在横竖切的时候会始终执行,当你在按回退键返回到上一个页面时,同样会执行这个方法,这样跳转的话,就会死循环,会总是打开页面。这时候就想到了Activity的onConfigurationChanged()方法。Google官网说横竖屏切换不希望大家用这个方法实现横竖屏切换,但是遇到了这样怪异的需求,不得不使用。上代码:
@Override
publicvoidonConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
ActivityLand.showActivityLand(this);
finish();
}
3、在两个Activity中实现横竖切换之后,换来一个好处,Fragment的生命周期我们非常好控制,里面的逻辑想怎么写就怎么写,而且切换过来之后,布局也会自动去加载横屏的布局。(相信大家明白我的意思)。
4、切换到对应的Fragment,主要是借助于缓存,记录页面状态。详见源码。
5、上主要代码:
(1)竖屏Activity的主要逻辑
packagecom.example.screenswitch;
importjava.util.ArrayList;
importjava.util.List;
importandroid.app.Activity;
importandroid.content.Intent;
importandroid.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
importandroid.content.res.Configuration;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.support.v4.app.Fragment;
importandroid.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
importandroid.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
importandroid.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
importandroid.support.v4.view.ViewPager;
importandroid.view.KeyEvent;
importcom.example.screenswitch.adapter.ChartFragmentPagerAdapter;
importcom.example.screenswitch.application.DataCache;
importcom.example.screenswitch.fragments.Fragment1;
importcom.example.screenswitch.fragments.Fragment2;
importcom.example.screenswitch.fragments.Fragment3;
publicclassActivityPort extendsFragmentActivity {
privatestaticfinalString TAG = "ActivityPort";
/**页面类型-竖屏1**/
publicstaticfinalintPORT_PAGE_1 = 1;
/**页面类型-竖屏2**/
publicstaticfinalintPORT_PAGE_2 = 2;
/**页面类型-竖屏3**/
publicstaticfinalintPORT_PAGE_3 = 3;
privateViewPager vpChartPage;
privateFragment1 fragment1;
privateFragment2 fragment2;
privateFragment3 fragment3;
/**竖屏FragmentManager**/
privateFragmentManager portfragmentManager;
/**fragmentTransaction**/
privateFragmentTransaction mFragmentTransaction;
/**Fragment集合**/
privateList<Fragment> mFragmentList;
/**分时、K线、明细界面适配器**/
privateChartFragmentPagerAdapter mPagerAdapter;
/**屏幕方向 默认指定为竖屏**/
privateintmScreenOrientation = Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT;
/**当前Fragment**/
privateFragment mCurentFragment;
publicstaticvoidshowActivityPort(Activity activity){
Intent intent = newIntent(activity,ActivityPort.class);
activity.startActivity(intent);
}
@Override
protectedvoidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_main);
mScreenOrientation = getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
portfragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
mFragmentTransaction = portfragmentManager.beginTransaction();
switch(mScreenOrientation) {
caseConfiguration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT:// 竖屏 分时 K线
findPortViews();
initPortCtrl();
break;
}
}
privatevoidfindPortViews(){
vpChartPage = (ViewPager) findViewById(R.id.vp_chart_page);
vpChartPage.setOnPageChangeListener(newChartPageChangeListener());
}
privatevoidinitPortCtrl(){
fragment1 = newFragment1();
fragment2 = newFragment2();
fragment3 = newFragment3();
mFragmentList = newArrayList<Fragment>();
mFragmentList.add(fragment1);
mFragmentList.add(fragment2);
mFragmentList.add(fragment3);
mCurentFragment = fragment1;
mPagerAdapter = newChartFragmentPagerAdapter(portfragmentManager,mFragmentList);
vpChartPage.setAdapter(mPagerAdapter);
//横1对竖1 横2对竖2 完成对应页的横竖切换
if(getPageType() == PORT_PAGE_1 || getPageType() == ActivityLand.LAND_PAGE_1){
setPageType(PORT_PAGE_1);
vpChartPage.setCurrentItem(0);
}elseif(getPageType() == PORT_PAGE_2 || getPageType() == ActivityLand.LAND_PAGE_2){
setPageType(PORT_PAGE_2);
vpChartPage.setCurrentItem(1);
}
}
/**分时、K线、明细竖屏界面切换**/
classChartPageChangeListener implementsViewPager.OnPageChangeListener {
@Override
publicvoidonPageScrollStateChanged(inti) {
}
@Override
publicvoidonPageScrolled(inti, floatv, inti2) {
}
@Override
publicvoidonPageSelected(inti) {
//设置界面指示器
switch(i) {
case0:
mCurentFragment = fragment1;
setPageType(PORT_PAGE_1);
break;
case1:
setPageType(PORT_PAGE_2);
mCurentFragment = fragment2;
setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_SENSOR);//设置可以横竖切换
break;
case2:
setPageType(PORT_PAGE_3);
mCurentFragment = fragment3;
setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);//禁止屏幕旋转
break;
}
}
}
@Override
publicvoidonConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
ActivityLand.showActivityLand(this);
finish();
}
@Override
protectedvoidonDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
publicbooleanonKeyDown(intkeyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if(keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK){
finish();
}
returntrue;
}
/**记录当前页面类型**/
privatevoidsetPageType(intchartPageType) {
DataCache.instance().setmChartPageType(chartPageType);
}
/**获取当前页面类型 **/
privateintgetPageType() {
returnDataCache.instance().getmChartPageType();
}
}
(2)、横屏Activity的主要逻辑
packagecom.example.screenswitch;
importandroid.app.Activity;
importandroid.content.Intent;
importandroid.content.res.Configuration;
importandroid.os.Bundle;
importandroid.support.v4.app.Fragment;
importandroid.support.v4.app.FragmentActivity;
importandroid.support.v4.app.FragmentManager;
importandroid.support.v4.app.FragmentTransaction;
importandroid.view.KeyEvent;
importandroid.view.View;
importandroid.view.View.OnClickListener;
importandroid.widget.Button;
importcom.example.screenswitch.application.DataCache;
importcom.example.screenswitch.fragments.Fragment1;
importcom.example.screenswitch.fragments.Fragment2;
publicclassActivityLand extendsFragmentActivity {
privatestaticfinalString TAG = "ActivityLand";
/**页面类型-横屏1**/
publicstaticfinalintLAND_PAGE_1 = 4;
/**页面类型-横屏2**/
publicstaticfinalintLAND_PAGE_2 = 5;
privateFragment1 fragment1;
privateFragment2 fragment2;
/**竖屏FragmentManager**/
privateFragmentManager mfragmentManager;
/**fragmentTransaction**/
privateFragmentTransaction mFragmentTransaction;
/**屏幕方向 默认指定为竖屏**/
privateintmScreenOrientation = Configuration.ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT;
/**当前Fragment**/
privateFragment mCurentFragment;
/**切换按钮**/
privateButton btSwitch;
publicstaticvoidshowActivityLand(Activity activity) {
Intent intent = newIntent(activity, ActivityLand.class);
activity.startActivity(intent);
}
@Override
protectedvoidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.layout_main);
mScreenOrientation = getResources().getConfiguration().orientation;
mfragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();
mFragmentTransaction = mfragmentManager.beginTransaction();
switch(mScreenOrientation) {
caseConfiguration.ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE:// 横屏 分时 K线
findLandViews();
initLandCtrl();
break;
}
}
privatevoidfindLandViews() {
btSwitch = (Button) findViewById(R.id.bt_switch);
btSwitch.setOnClickListener(newTheOnSwitchBtnClickListener());
}
privatevoidinitLandCtrl() {
fragment1 = newFragment1();
fragment2 = newFragment2();
//横1对竖1 横2对竖2 完成对应页的横竖切换
if(getPageType() == ActivityPort.PORT_PAGE_1 || getPageType() == LAND_PAGE_1) {
setPageType(ActivityPort.PORT_PAGE_1);
mCurentFragment = fragment1;
} elseif(getPageType() == ActivityPort.PORT_PAGE_2 || getPageType() == LAND_PAGE_2) {
setPageType(ActivityPort.PORT_PAGE_2);
mCurentFragment = fragment2;
}
mFragmentTransaction = mfragmentManager.beginTransaction();
mFragmentTransaction.add(R.id.ll_content, mCurentFragment);
mFragmentTransaction.commit();
}
/**
* 横屏界面切换
* @author Wilson
*/
classTheOnSwitchBtnClickListener implementsOnClickListener {
@Override
publicvoidonClick(View v) {
if(mCurentFragment instanceofFragment1) {//横1切到横2
mCurentFragment = fragment2;
setPageType(LAND_PAGE_2);
mFragmentTransaction = mfragmentManager.beginTransaction();
mFragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.ll_content, fragment2);
mFragmentTransaction.commit();
} elseif(mCurentFragment instanceofFragment2) {//横2切到横1
mCurentFragment = fragment1;
setPageType(LAND_PAGE_1);
mFragmentTransaction = mfragmentManager.beginTransaction();
mFragmentTransaction.replace(R.id.ll_content, fragment1);
mFragmentTransaction.commit();
}
}
}
@Override
publicvoidonConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {
super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);
ActivityPort.showActivityPort(this);
finish();
}
@Override
protectedvoidonDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
}
@Override
publicbooleanonKeyDown(intkeyCode, KeyEvent event) {
if(keyCode == KeyEvent.KEYCODE_BACK) {
finish();
}
returntrue;
}
/**记录当前页面类型**/
privatevoidsetPageType(intchartPageType) {
DataCache.instance().setmChartPageType(chartPageType);
}
/**获取当前页面类型 **/
privateintgetPageType() {
returnDataCache.instance().getmChartPageType();
}
}