MySQL分布式集群-5.Mycat的初体验

2019-07-16 本文已影响160人笨鸡

1.mycat的准备环境

安装JDK
mycat 下载地址 http://www.mycat.io/
cd到bin目录下执行mycat.bat console 默认初始密码：123456

连接mycat.png

2.mycat的相关概念

mycat是一个数据库中间件
用户登录信息 server.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- - - Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); 
    - you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. - You 
    may obtain a copy of the License at - - http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 
    - - Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software - 
    distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, - WITHOUT 
    WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. - See the 
    License for the specific language governing permissions and - limitations 
    under the License. -->
<!DOCTYPE mycat:server SYSTEM "server.dtd">
<mycat:server xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
    <system>
    <property name="nonePasswordLogin">0</property> <!-- 0为需要密码登陆、1为不需要密码登陆 ,默认为0，设置为1则需要指定默认账户-->
    <property name="useHandshakeV10">1</property>
    <property name="useSqlStat">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启实时统计、0为关闭 -->
    <property name="useGlobleTableCheck">0</property>  <!-- 1为开启全加班一致性检测、0为关闭 -->

        <property name="sequnceHandlerType">2</property>
        <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerPattern">(?:(\s*next\s+value\s+for\s*MYCATSEQ_(\w+))(,|\)|\s)*)+</property>-->
        <!--必须带有MYCATSEQ_或者 mycatseq_进入序列匹配流程 注意MYCATSEQ_有空格的情况-->
        <property name="sequnceHandlerPattern">(?:(\s*next\s+value\s+for\s*MYCATSEQ_(\w+))(,|\)|\s)*)+</property>
    <property name="subqueryRelationshipCheck">false</property> <!-- 子查询中存在关联查询的情况下,检查关联字段中是否有分片字段 .默认 false -->
      <!--  <property name="useCompression">1</property>--> <!--1为开启mysql压缩协议-->
        <!--  <property name="fakeMySQLVersion">5.6.20</property>--> <!--设置模拟的MySQL版本号-->
    <!-- <property name="processorBufferChunk">40960</property> -->
    <!-- 
    <property name="processors">1</property> 
    <property name="processorExecutor">32</property> 
     -->
        <!--默认为type 0: DirectByteBufferPool | type 1 ByteBufferArena | type 2 NettyBufferPool -->
        <property name="processorBufferPoolType">0</property>
        <!--默认是65535 64K 用于sql解析时最大文本长度 -->
        <!--<property name="maxStringLiteralLength">65535</property>-->
        <!--<property name="sequnceHandlerType">0</property>-->
        <!--<property name="backSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="frontSocketNoDelay">1</property>-->
        <!--<property name="processorExecutor">16</property>-->
        <!--
            <property name="serverPort">8066</property> <property name="managerPort">9066</property> 
            <property name="idleTimeout">300000</property> <property name="bindIp">0.0.0.0</property> 
            <property name="frontWriteQueueSize">4096</property> <property name="processors">32</property> -->
        <!--分布式事务开关，0为不过滤分布式事务，1为过滤分布式事务（如果分布式事务内只涉及全局表，则不过滤），2为不过滤分布式事务,但是记录分布式事务日志-->
        <property name="handleDistributedTransactions">0</property>
        
            <!--
            off heap for merge/order/group/limit      1开启   0关闭
        -->
        <property name="useOffHeapForMerge">0</property>

        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="memoryPageSize">64k</property>

        <!--
            单位为k
        -->
        <property name="spillsFileBufferSize">1k</property>

        <property name="useStreamOutput">0</property>

        <!--
            单位为m
        -->
        <property name="systemReserveMemorySize">384m</property>


        <!--是否采用zookeeper协调切换  -->
        <property name="useZKSwitch">false</property>

        <!-- XA Recovery Log日志路径 -->
        <!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseDir">./</property>-->

        <!-- XA Recovery Log日志名称 -->
        <!--<property name="XARecoveryLogBaseName">tmlog</property>-->
        <!--如果为 true的话 严格遵守隔离级别,不会在仅仅只有select语句的时候在事务中切换连接-->
        <property name="strictTxIsolation">false</property>
        
        <property name="useZKSwitch">true</property>
        
    </system>
    
    <!-- 全局SQL防火墙设置 -->
    <!--白名单可以使用通配符%或着*-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.0.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.0.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="127.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--例如<host host="1*7.*" user="root"/>-->
    <!--这些配置情况下对于127.0.0.1都能以root账户登录-->
    <!--
    <firewall>
       <whitehost>
          <host host="1*7.0.0.*" user="root"/>
       </whitehost>
       <blacklist check="false">
       </blacklist>
    </firewall>
    -->

    <user name="root" defaultAccount="true">
        <property name="password">123456</property>
        <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
        
        <!-- 表级 DML 权限设置 -->
        <!--        
        <privileges check="false">
            <schema name="TESTDB" dml="0110" >
                <table name="tb01" dml="0000"></table>
                <table name="tb02" dml="1111"></table>
            </schema>
        </privileges>       
         -->
    </user>

    <user name="user">
        <property name="password">user</property>
        <property name="schemas">TESTDB</property>
        <property name="readOnly">true</property>
    </user>

</mycat:server>

配置数据库映射文件 schema.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">

    <schema name="TESTDB" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100">
        <!-- auto sharding by id (long) -->
        <table name="travelrecord" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" rule="auto-sharding-long" />

        <!-- global table is auto cloned to all defined data nodes ,so can join
            with any table whose sharding node is in the same data node -->
        <table name="company" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3" />
        <table name="goods" primaryKey="ID" type="global" dataNode="dn1,dn2" />
        <!-- random sharding using mod sharind rule -->
        <table name="hotnews" primaryKey="ID" autoIncrement="true" dataNode="dn1,dn2,dn3"
               rule="mod-long" />
        <!-- <table name="dual" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dnx,dnoracle2" type="global"
            needAddLimit="false"/> <table name="worker" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="jdbc_dn1,jdbc_dn2,jdbc_dn3"
            rule="mod-long" /> -->
        <table name="employee" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2"
               rule="sharding-by-intfile" />
        <table name="customer" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1,dn2"
               rule="sharding-by-intfile">
            <childTable name="orders" primaryKey="ID" joinKey="customer_id"
                        parentKey="id">
                <childTable name="order_items" joinKey="order_id"
                            parentKey="id" />
            </childTable>
            <childTable name="customer_addr" primaryKey="ID" joinKey="customer_id"
                        parentKey="id" />
        </table>
        <!-- <table name="oc_call" primaryKey="ID" dataNode="dn1$0-743" rule="latest-month-calldate"
            /> -->
    </schema>
    <!-- <dataNode name="dn1$0-743" dataHost="localhost1" database="db$0-743"
        /> -->
    <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="localhost1" database="db1" />
    <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="localhost1" database="db2" />
    <dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="localhost1" database="db3" />
    <!--<dataNode name="dn4" dataHost="sequoiadb1" database="SAMPLE" />
     <dataNode name="jdbc_dn1" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db1" />
    <dataNode   name="jdbc_dn2" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db2" />
    <dataNode name="jdbc_dn3"   dataHost="jdbchost" database="db3" /> -->
    <dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
              writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
        <writeHost host="hostM1" url="localhost:3306" user="root"
                   password="123456">
            <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
            <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.1.200:3306" user="root" password="xxx" />
        </writeHost>
        <writeHost host="hostS1" url="localhost:3316" user="root"
                   password="123456" />
        <!-- <writeHost host="hostM2" url="localhost:3316" user="root" password="123456"/> -->
    </dataHost>
    <!--
        <dataHost name="sequoiadb1" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" dbType="sequoiadb" dbDriver="jdbc">
        <heartbeat>         </heartbeat>
         <writeHost host="hostM1" url="sequoiadb://1426587161.dbaas.sequoialab.net:11920/SAMPLE" user="jifeng"  password="jifeng"></writeHost>
         </dataHost>

      <dataHost name="oracle1" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" writeType="0"   dbType="oracle" dbDriver="jdbc"> <heartbeat>select 1 from dual</heartbeat>
        <connectionInitSql>alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'</connectionInitSql>
        <writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:nange" user="base"   password="123456" > </writeHost> </dataHost>

        <dataHost name="jdbchost" maxCon="1000"     minCon="1" balance="0" writeType="0" dbType="mongodb" dbDriver="jdbc">
        <heartbeat>select   user()</heartbeat>
        <writeHost host="hostM" url="mongodb://192.168.0.99/test" user="admin" password="123456" ></writeHost> </dataHost>

        <dataHost name="sparksql" maxCon="1000" minCon="1" balance="0" dbType="spark" dbDriver="jdbc">
        <heartbeat> </heartbeat>
         <writeHost host="hostM1" url="jdbc:hive2://feng01:10000" user="jifeng"     password="jifeng"></writeHost> </dataHost> -->

    <!-- <dataHost name="jdbchost" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0" dbType="mysql"
        dbDriver="jdbc"> <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat> <writeHost host="hostM1"
        url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306" user="root" password="123456"> </writeHost>
        </dataHost> -->
</mycat:schema>

3.运行mycat

./mycat console

IP:192.168.1.15 Port:8066

[root@master-mysql ~]# mysql -u root -p123456 -h192.168.1.15 -P8066
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.6.29-mycat-1.6.7.1-release-20190627191042 MyCat Server (OpenCloudDB)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| TESTDB   |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use TESTDB
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+------------------+
| Tables in TESTDB |
+------------------+
| company          |
| customer         |
| customer_addr    |
| employee         |
| goods            |
| hotnews          |
| orders           |
| order_items      |
| travelrecord     |
+------------------+
9 rows in set (0.00 sec)

4.配置mycat数据库映射

create user 'test'@'%' identified by 'test';
grant all privileges on *.* to 'test';
vim schema.xml

<dataHost name="localhost1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="0"
              writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
        <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
        <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
        <writeHost host="hostM1" url="192.168.1.12:3306" user="test"
                   password="test">
            <!-- can have multi read hosts -->
            <readHost host="hostS2" url="192.168.1.12:3306" user="test" password="test" />
        </writeHost>
    </dataHost>

mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database db2;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database db3;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

[root@master-mysql ~]# mysql -u root -p123456 -h192.168.1.15 -P8066
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 5.6.29-mycat-1.6.7.1-release-20190627191042 MyCat Server (OpenCloudDB)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| TESTDB   |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use TESTDB
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> create table employee(id int primary key,name varchar(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.19 sec)

最后映射在db1,db2,db3中生成了3个employee的表。

navicat-mycat-employee.png

5.通过mycat操作数据库

mysql> mysql> insert into employee (id, name) values (1,'hello');
ERROR 1064 (HY000): bad insert sql (sharding column:SHARDING_ID not provided,INSERT INTO employee (id, name) VALUES (1, 'hello')

mysql> alter table employee add column sharding_id int not null;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.26 sec)
Records: 0  Duplicates: 0  Warnings: 0

mysql> desc employee;
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field       | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id          | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| name        | varchar(10) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| sharding_id | int(11)     | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
+-------------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.03 sec)

mysql> insert into employee(id, name, sharding_id) values (1,'hello',100);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): can't find any valid datanode :EMPLOYEE -> SHARDING_ID -> 100

mysql> insert into employee(id, name, sharding_id) values (1,'hello',1000);
ERROR 1064 (HY000): can't find any valid datanode :EMPLOYEE -> SHARDING_ID -> 1000

mysql> insert into employee(id, name, sharding_id) values (1,'hello',10000);
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.05 sec)

mysql> select * from employee;
+----+-------+-------------+
| id | name  | sharding_id |
+----+-------+-------------+
|  1 | hello |       10000 |
+----+-------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.04 sec)


mysql> use db1
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> select * from employee;
+----+-------+-------------+
| id | name  | sharding_id |
+----+-------+-------------+
|  1 | hello |       10000 |
+----+-------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create table company(id int primary key, name varchar(10));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)

mysql> insert into company(id,name) values (1,'A');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

mysql> explain insert into company(id,name) values (1,'A');
+-----------+---------------------------------------------+
| DATA_NODE | SQL                                         |
+-----------+---------------------------------------------+
| dn1       | insert into company(id,name) values (1,'A') |
| dn2       | insert into company(id,name) values (1,'A') |
| dn3       | insert into company(id,name) values (1,'A') |
+-----------+---------------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MySQL分布式集群-5.Mycat的初体验

1.mycat的准备环境

2.mycat的相关概念

3.运行mycat

4.配置mycat数据库映射

5.通过mycat操作数据库

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