英语语法笔记整理 第二期
引导词省略的情况:
1.宾从的引导词that，经常省略
2.定从的先行词如果在从句里做宾，引导词常省略
I think this idea is available.
Are you available?
You are the last man I will marry.(两个名词是句子之间的天然隔断)(肯定形式，否定含义)
n.性从句
把完整的句子当n.使用在句中充当主，宾，表或同时，就被称为主从，宾从，表从或同从
引导词
1.that无词义，在从句中不做任何成分，只起连接作用
2.whether if 是否，有词义，不做成分，连接作用
3.who/whom…有词义，充当从句中成分
(what, which, whose, when, where, why)
It is no doubt that constant/continuous stress is detrimental to human body.
It is no question that…
形式宾语
英语语法笔记整理 第二期
表从
Whether可引导表从，但if不可以
because可以引导表从
The question is if✘(whether✔) the God really exists.
That/It was because he was ashamed of himself.
The tools that /scientists have/ to describe nature/ is limited.
The chief value of money lies in the fact that we live in a world in which it is overestimated.
The fact that the apple fell down toward the earth and not up into the tree answered the question/ he(天然屏障) had been asking himself about.
同从写作应用
1.The change in A largedly results from the fact that B
A——society, ideology…
result from—— due to, derive from
B——完整陈述句
这个灾难的损失主要是因为相关部门(高层)没有重视设备的安全性。
The loss of this disaster largely results from the fact that the authority concerned(后置定语) pays little attention(fail to/attach little importance to) to the safety of equipment.
2. It reveals the unquestionable fact that…
It reveals the unquestionable fact that the shortest answer is doing things.(海明威)
长短结合(长——精确描述，短——语言力量)
定语
修饰，限定，说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。定语与中心语之间是修饰与被修饰，限制与被限制的关系
定语的位置
前置:单词(n，adj，分词，动名词)
后置:短语和从句(定从)——尾重原则
中文没有后置定语
中英思维转换
英文后置定语居多
He gave me a basket full of eggs.
It was a conference fruitful of results.
尾重原则
The principle of End-Weight
石之铿然有声者，所在皆是也。
居庙堂之高则忧其民，处江湖之远则忧其君。
We hold these truth to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalineable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
(The Declaration of Independence)
我们认为(hold)下述真理是不言而喻(self-evident)的:所有的人生而平等，这是造物主赋予人们的不可剥夺的权利，其中包括(that among those are)生存权，自由权和追求幸福的权利。
Happyness
There is no why(y)in happniess, it's I.
An easy-going non-self-denying life will never be one of power.
If be life you were deceived,
Don't be dismal, don't be wild!
In the day of grief, be mild,
Merry days will come, believe.
假如生活欺骗了你
不要忧郁，不要愤慨
悲伤的日子需要沉静
坚信吧，愉快的日子即将来临
句子变长的四大原则
University can provide us with the professional knowledge, cherished opportunity, coupled with unavoidable challenge.
1.并列无处不在
2.(精准描述)修辞无处不在 adj修n
The plane saves precious time, enormous energy as well as limited money.
English is important, useful and indispensable.
effeective and efficient (adj的并列，押韵)
投诉信的万能句型
1.I am writing to express my concern✔(complain, dissatisfaction/disappointment✘) about the service of your restaurant.
2.We would like to draw the attention of (sb)the authorities concerned to(sth) something they (代词，寻找指称根源)obviously failed to notice.
3. I sincerely hope that the authorities concerned will consider my suggestion and implore the situation as best as they can.
4.We trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this problem.
