英语语法笔记整理 第九期

虚拟的本质:假

1.与事实相反  2.时态退一步

if were是错误语法——假

用谓语动词原本时态的上一个时间来表示现实中假的现象

I wish I am a bird.是鸟

I wish I were a bird.不是鸟

I wish I saw the film yesterday.( saw——had seen)

if条件句的虚拟语气结构

条件从句虚拟，主句通常搭配would/should/ could/might

1.与现在事实相反

If I were a bird I would fly out of the world.

从句用过去时

实义动词用Ved, be动词用were，情态动词用对应过去式

If I could, I would.

You are the last man I will marry.

If you were the last man, I would marry.

We could never learn to be brave and patient, if there were only joy in the world. (Hellen keller)

If there is only joy in the world, we can never learn to be brave.

#虚拟与将来事实相反(主将从现)

If he comes tomorrows, I will talk to him.

If he would come here tomorrow, I would talk to him.

从句时态:过去将来时  were to do/should do

虚拟与过去事实相反

If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played.

从句时态:过去完成时+过去时间

can原——could 过——could have done 过完的推测

作文:If it were not for our self-confidence, we would be deprived of the chance to make further progress.

if的条件虚拟——倒装

1.去掉if  2.提前had， were， should

Were it not for our self-confidence, we would be deprived of the chance to make further progress.

Were it not for…,we would…, and our society would…

Were it not for the coexistence of diverse culture, we would not be smart, farsighted, coupled with sociable and our society would not go further on the way of harmony, development and prosperity.

背词:先背v，再adj(adj是精确描述)