16.5-《超越感觉》-选择议题-样品问题-青少年犯罪

16.5-Selecting an Issue-Simple Issue-Juvenlie Crime

样品问题-青少年犯罪

For much of this century, juvenile criminals hava been accorded special threatment in the courts. Because the emphasis was on rehabilitating rather than punishing them.
（在本世纪的大部分时间里，青少年犯罪在法院里被寄予特殊对待。因为重点是修正而不是惩罚他们。）

one phenomenon - In recent years, however, the public has become dissatisfied with that system. Many people are demanding that juveniles who have committed criminal acts be treated as criminals, regradless of their age.
（一个现象 - 然而，近年来，公众对这个系统变得不满意了，很多人强烈要求实施犯罪行为的青少年应该被当做罪犯对待，不管他们的年龄。*）

qustion - THe broad issue is usually expressed in these terms: Should juvenile criminals be treated the same as adult criminals? This broad issue has a number of aspects:
（问题-广泛的问题常常被表现在以下几个方面：青少年罪犯应该受到和成人罪犯一样的对待吗？ 这些广泛的问题有以下几个方面：）

• Causes of juvenile crime - Are juvenile delinguents alone responsible for their criminality? Are parents and others in society(makers of violent films, for example) also responsible? If other are responsible, should the law get tough with them? How?
  青少年犯罪的原因 - 青少年对他们的犯罪行为单独负责吗？他们的父母或社会中的其他人（例如暴力电影的制造者）也要负责？如果其他人需要负责，法律应该严厉对待他们吗？如何对待呢？

• The age of responsibility - Is it reasonable or fair to hold people responsible for their actions before they are old enough to understand the moral and legal quality of these actions? At waht age does a person reach such understanding?
  年龄的责任 - 在他们还没到足够年龄去了解这些犯罪行为的道德和法律性质之前，让他们对这些行为负责是合理的或者公平的吗？

• Similarities or differences betweens juveniles and adults - Is it reasonable to hold a fourteen-year-old( or a sixteen - or eighteen-year-old) as accountable as a twenty-one-or thirty-year-old?
  在青少年和成人之间相同点或不同点 - 让一个十四岁（或十六岁、十八岁）和一个二十一岁或三十岁负有同样责任，合理吗？

• Effects of publicity on juvenilt crime - Will publicizing young people's crimes deter juvenile crime? Will it assist in the process of rehabilitation?
  宣传对青少年犯罪的影响 - 宣传青年犯罪会扼制青少年犯罪吗？它会协助康复的过程吗？

• Effects of imprisonment on juveniles - What effects will imprisonment have on teenagers? On preteens?
  监禁对青少年的影响 - 监禁会对青少年有什么影响？对十三岁一下的呢？

• Differences in crimes - Should all juvenile crimes be handled alike? That is, should the criminal's age be considered in certain crimes(vandalism and shoplifting, for example) but not in others(rape and murder, for example)?
  不同的犯罪 - 所有的青少年犯罪都应该以相同的方式处理吗？就是说，犯罪的年龄是否在某些罪（如故意破坏公物和入店行窃）考虑，而在其他罪中（如强奸和谋杀）不考虑？

• Repeat offenders - Should chronic juvenile offenders be treated differently from first time offenders? If so, in what way?
  惯犯 - 惯犯是否应该与初犯区别对待呢？如果是，以什么方式呢？

• Prisons - If juvenile offenders are sent to prison(say, for crimes of violence),should they be housed in the same institutions as adult crimianls?
  监狱 - 如果青少年罪犯送进监狱（比如因为暴力犯罪），他们应该和成年人罪犯关在同一个机构吗？