搭建编译环境，并安装相关关联库

[compiler] sudo apt-get install build-essential
[required] sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
[optional] sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev

下载opencv并且编译

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv
mkdir release
cd release
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
sudo make
sudo make install
sudo /bin/bash -c 'echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/opencv.conf'  
sudo ldconfig

测试安装

切换到samples目录下面，并编译samples程序

cd ../samples/  
sudo cmake .  
sudo make -j $(nproc)

然后切换到cpp目录下运行测试程序

cd cpp/  
./cpp-example-facedetect XX (图片路径)

显示图像，测试成功