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iOS之基于MVP架构实现view的复用

2022-04-17  本文已影响0人  江湖闹士

场景：如果一个包含头像、名字、自我介绍文案的自定义view在不同的列表cell的contentView中都存在，那么我们每个cell里都要去依赖这个view，但是可能不同列表的数据源模型model是不同的，那么我们需要cell.model = model赋值时，对于这个view而言，就有多个model对象，这样的代码就有点让人受不了，同一个给子控件赋值的操作因为model不同就要做多遍，怎么处理？

由于MVP架构中的P，可以实现V和M的解耦，原理是：protocal是针对于view渲染所需要的数据来设置的协议，也就是说view子控件所需要的直接数据都可以在protocal中找到，那协议中的数据从哪里来呢？这个就要从遵守这个协议的model类中获取，在model类的.m文件中，去给协议里的这些字段赋值，当然赋值的依据来自于model的数据（直接赋值或者经过计算后赋值）。
这样看来对于view来说没有依赖model，依赖的是遵循了协议的model，不管是哪个model，只要遵循了协议实现了协议中属性的赋值就可以，此时view中是不需要引入哪个model的头文件的，说明实现了V和M的解耦

整个项目结构

protocal协议

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@protocol SJTableBaseModelProtocol <NSObject>
//这里都是view中可以直接赋值的一些属性
@required
@property (nonatomic,copy,readonly) NSString *name;
///对于个人的描述
@property (nonatomic,copy,readonly) NSString *content;
@property (nonatomic,copy,readonly) NSString *ageStr;
@property (nonatomic,assign,readonly) BOOL isShow;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

一个基础的view类，用于设置公用属性

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>
#import "SJTableBaseModelProtocol.h"
NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN
static CGFloat kBaseCellSubViewLeftMargin = 12.0; //cell内容统一的左边距


@interface SJCellBaseView : UIView

- (void)configWithData:(id <SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model;
+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id <SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model;

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "SJCellBaseView.h"

@implementation SJCellBaseView

- (void)configWithData:(id <SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model {
}

+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id <SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model {
    return 0;
}
@end

继承与SJCellBaseView的子类

@interface SJCellDiyContentView : SJCellBaseView
//点击事件由外部处理
@property (nonatomic, copy) dispatch_block_t clickSeeMoreBlock;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

@interface SJCellDiyContentView ()

@property (nonatomic, strong) YYLabel *contentLabel;

@end

@implementation SJCellDiyContentView

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if (self) {
        [self configViews];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)configViews {
    [self addSubview:self.contentLabel];
}

- (void)configWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model {
  //赋值渲染操作
      ...
//赋值的时候直接计算一下自己的高度，供外层控件布局使用
  self.height = [[self class] fetchHeightWithData:model];
}

+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model {
//根据model赋值完，计算控件的高度
    return 40;
}

#pragma mark - Getter
- (YYLabel *)contentLabel {
    if (!_contentLabel) {
        _contentLabel = [[YYLabel alloc] init];
        _contentLabel.textVerticalAlignment = YYTextVerticalAlignmentTop;
        _contentLabel.displaysAsynchronously = YES;
        _contentLabel.ignoreCommonProperties = YES;
        _contentLabel.fadeOnAsynchronouslyDisplay = NO;
        _contentLabel.fadeOnHighlight = NO;
        @weakify(self)
        _contentLabel.highlightTapAction = ^(UIView * _Nonnull containerView, NSAttributedString * _Nonnull text, NSRange range, CGRect rect) {
            @strongify(self);
            [self clickNicknameWithText:text range:range];
        };
    }
    return _contentLabel;
}

@end

后续还有多个可复用view的开发，都继承与SJCellBaseView，这样就可以使用父类- (void)configWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model {}和+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model {}赋值和获取高度方法
假如我们后续又添加了两个自定义viewSJCellDiyContentView_two SJCellDiyContentView_three

基础的UITableViewCell类

@interface SJBaseTableViewCell : UITableViewCell

- (void)configWithData:(id <SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model;

+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model;

// 子类重写此方法，配置好所有模块，按照从上到下的顺序
+ (NSArray *)myComponents;

#pragma mark - 业务交互方法，Cell子类实现
- (void)didClickHead;
- (void)didClickCancleAdvertising;
...

@interface SJBaseTableViewCell ()
@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray *cellComponents;

//将相似tableviewcell中的控件都放在基础cell中，根据子类的cellComponents方法中添加子控件种类来添加子控件
@property (nonatomic, strong) SJCellDiyContentView *cellDiyContentView;
@property (nonatomic, strong) SJCellDiyContentView_two * cellDiyContentView_two;
@property (nonatomic, strong) SJCellDiyContentView_three * cellDiyContentView_three;
@property (nonatomic, strong) UIView *bottomView;

@end

@implementation SJBaseTableViewCell
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]){
        self.cellComponents = [[self class] myComponents];
        [self configViews];
    }
    return self;
}

- (void)configViews {
//子类中通过myComponents方法中添加枚举值得方式，添加子视图，在父视图这里择情况从上往下添加子视图
//继承与该cell的子类可以包含多种组合方式
    for (int i = 0; i < [self.cellComponents count]; i++) {
        NSNumber *num = [self.cellComponents objectAtIndex:i];
        
        switch (num.integerValue) {
            //自定义view的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView:
                [self.contentView addSubview:self.cellDiyContentView];
                break;
            //自定义view2的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView_two:
                [self.contentView addSubview:self.cellDiyContentView_two];
                break;
            //自定义view3的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView_three:
                [self.contentView addSubview:self.cellDiyContentView_three];
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    
//self.bottomView用于封底
    [self.contentView addSubview:self.bottomView];
    [self.bottomView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {
        make.left.right.bottom.equalTo(self.contentView);
        make.height.equalTo(@(10));
    }];
}

- (void)configWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model {
    CGFloat bottom = 0;
    
    for (int i = 0; i < [self.cellComponents count]; i++) {
        NSNumber *num = [self.cellComponents objectAtIndex:i];
        switch (num.integerValue) {
            //自定义view的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView:
                [self.cellDiyContentView configWithData:model];
                self.cellDiyContentView.frame = CGRectMake(0, bottom, kScreenWidth, self.cellRecommendHeadView.height);
                bottom = bottom + self.cellDiyContentView.height;
                break;
            //自定义view2的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView_two:
                [self.cellDiyContentView_two configWithData:model];
                self.cellDiyContentView_two.frame = CGRectMake(0, bottom, kScreenWidth, self.cellDiyContentView_two.height);
                bottom = bottom + self.cellDiyContentView_two.height;
                break;
            //自定义view3的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView_three:
                [self.cellDiyContentView_three configWithData:model];
                self.cellDiyContentView_three.frame = CGRectMake(0, bottom, kScreenWidth, self.cellDiyContentView_three.height);
                bottom = bottom + self.cellDiyContentView_three.height;
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
}

+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model {
    CGFloat height = 0;
    
    for (int i = 0; i < [[[self class] myComponents] count]; i++) {
        NSNumber *num = [[[self class] myComponents] objectAtIndex:i];
        
        switch (num.integerValue) {
            //自定义view的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView:
                height = height + [SJCellDiyContentView fetchHeightWithData:model];
                break;
            //自定义view2的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView_two:
                height = height + [SJCellDiyContentView_two fetchHeightWithData:model];
                break;
            //自定义view3的枚举值
            case kSJCellDiyContentView_three:
                height = height + [SJCellDiyContentView_three fetchHeightWithData:model];
                break;
            default:
                break;
        }
    }
    height = height + 10 + 15; // 10 为self.bottomView 高度,15 为距离self.bottom 顶部的间距
    return height;
}

#pragma mark - lazyload
子控件的懒加载区域

#pragma mark - 交互方法，子类实现
+ (NSArray *)myComponents {
    return @[];
}
//view中的点击事件在本类中先不实现，对外提供接口，让子类实现
- (void)didClickHead {}
- (void)didClickCancleAdvertising {}

使用 :我们有一个cell样式是由SJCellDiyContentView_two和SJCellDiyContentView_three组合的

新建一个cell类，比如customTableviewCell继承自SJBaseTableViewCell 

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface customTableviewCell : SJBaseTableViewCell

@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

@implementation customTableviewCell
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {
        [self setupData];
    }
    return self;
}

#pragma mark - 本cell包含的所有模块
+ (NSArray *)myComponents {
    //对于父类的所有子控件来说，本cell只包含了这两种view，所以只加这两种枚举，从上往下加
    return @[@(kSJCellDiyContentView_two),
             @(kSJCellDiyContentView_three),];
}

- (void)configWithData:(id<SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model {
    //调用父类的赋值方法
    [super configWithData:model];
}

+ (CGFloat)fetchHeightWithData:(id < SJTableBaseModelProtocol >)model{
    return [super fetchHeightWithData:model];
}

//这里就可以实现父类中在本cell中的具体触发到的点击事件了
- (void)didClickHead{
    //具体实现。。。
}

model类的操作

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
#import "SJTableBaseModelProtocol.h"

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_BEGIN

@interface DiyModel : NSObject< SJTableBaseModelProtocol >

@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic,copy) NSString *content;
@property (nonatomic,assign) NSInteger age;
@end

NS_ASSUME_NONNULL_END

#import "DiyModel.h"

@implementation DiyModel
//在类中遵循了代理，就要实现协议里那些属性的赋值，给到协议的值是view可以直接用的
- (NSString *)name{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"我的名字叫：%@",_name];
}


- (NSString *)ageStr{
    return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%ld",self.age];
}

//如果不用处理直接赋值的，注意嵌套循环造成死循环，比如这里就不能return self.content，会造成自身一直在嵌套循环
- (NSString *)content{
    return _content;
}

- (BOOL)isShow{
    if (self.age > 18) {
        return YES;
    }else{
        return NO;
    }
}
@end

其他cell的使用

其他列表cell的数据源不同，只要也遵循协议，并把协议的属性通过自己model的属性经过处理赋值，那么就还是可以用户我们的view渲染试图方法- (void)configWithData:(id<SJTableBaseModelProtocol>)model因为我们要的只是遵循了SJTableBaseModelProtocol的东西，不关系他是什么

总结:用这种方式，就像堆积木一样，首先cell的子控件是通用的，我基础cell组建里包含了所有种子控件，使用的时候只要通过枚举去添加我们所需要的控件就OK了，然后网络请求好的数据封装model后传值给cell即可

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