2021-11-27
哈佛大学研究：能活过90岁的人的28大特征！
28 Characteristics of People who Live past 90, according to A Harvard study.
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品读时刻 These moments
2021-11-26 13:13 The 2021-11-26"
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近来，美国与欧洲几个不同的研究机构对生活在各地的长寿者进行了跟踪调查。综合他们的研究结果，发现90岁以上的老人有以下29项共同特征：
1.看病：很少去医院。
2.吃药：一生中的用药总量（包括营养药）远低于平均水平。
3.病史：多数在中青年时不曾患有长期的严重疾病。
4.饭量：总体偏少，但不排斥适量的零食。
5.营养：饮食含蛋白质较高、脂肪较低，清淡，不偏食，注重多样性，乐于尝试新的食物。
6.饮酒：并非全不饮酒。有此习惯者，仅是小酌。均无长期酗酒史。
7.抽烟：绝大多数目前不吸烟，若抽也不多、不成瘾，且喜欢用烟斗。
8.喝茶：多数从年轻时即开始有了喝茶的习惯，并保持至今。
8. Drinking tea: Most people started drinking tea when they were young and have kept it up to this day.
9.作息：绝大多数有早睡早起的习惯。
9. Work and Rest: Most people have the habit of going to bed and getting up early.
10.睡时：平均在6至7.5个小时，且保持稳定，不时多时少。多数并无午间小憩。
10. Sleep: Average 6 to 7.5 hours, and remain stable, with more and less. Most do not have a lunch break.
11.运动：所从事类别的差异很大，但能持之以恒；并更乐于在户外活动。
11. Sports: There are great differences in the types you engage in, but you can persevere; And more likely to be outdoors.
12.生理：多数有以下5个特征：
12. Physiology: Most people have the following five characteristics:
身材：中等。平均身高：男：171厘米，女：157厘米。
Height: Medium. Average height: male: 171 cm, female: 157 cm.
体重：不过重或过轻，且随年龄变化的变动较小。
Weight: not overweight or underweight, with little change with age.
肌肉：舒张力佳；
Muscle: good tension;
皮膚：较有弹性；
Skin: more elastic;
握力：有力持久。
Grip strength: strong and durable.
13.神智：少有患老年痴呆症者。
13. Sanity: Few patients with senile dementia.
14.脑力：判别力、认知力、逻辑力、记忆力与表达力的衰退都比较慢，并且他们有意识地锻炼与强化自己的这些能力。
14. Brain power: Discrimination, cognition, logic, memory and expression all decline more slowly, and they exercise and strengthen these skills consciously.
15.退休：大多数人在65岁左右。过早退休者反而不长寿。
15. Retirement: Most people are around 65. People who retire early don't live long.
16.寄养：常年住养老院者较少。
16. Foster care: fewer people live in nursing homes all year round.
17.仪容：注重服饰、仪表、举止、个人装束与家居整洁，并非奢华，但自我欣赏。
17. Grooming: Pay attention to dress, appearance, manners, personal attire and household cleanliness, not luxury, but self-appreciation.
18.独立：多数倾向自立、自主、自为，主观上与客观上对环境与子女、亲朋好友的依赖性较小。
18. Independence: Most people tend to be independent, independent and self-reliant, and have less subjective and objective dependence on the environment, children, relatives and friends.
19.经历：在过往生活中，尤其是青壮年时代，大多数曾经历过冒险和困苦。
19. Experience: Most people have experienced adventure and hardship in their past lives, especially in their younger years.
20.抑郁：不少人在五六十岁时曾出现过情绪忧郁，但随后即能调整状态，迈向新的生活。
Depression: Many people in their 50s and 60s experience a bout of depression, but are able to adjust and move on.
21.怀旧：多数人对旧时有珍惜、感怀与美好的感觉，但对个人经历与社会环境并不感叹今不如昔，并不希望回到过去，而是更乐于生活在多变、多彩的现在。
21 nostalgia: most people cherish the old, sentimental and beautiful feeling, but the personal experience and social environment does not sigh today is not the past, do not want to go back to the past, but more willing to live in the changeable, colorful now.
22.社交：有稳定、适当、比较和谐、比较密切的伴侶、家庭和朋友圈。
22. Social: Having a stable, appropriate, harmonious and close circle of partners, family and friends.
23.闲谈：喜欢与熟人乃至生人交谈，甚至“八卦”，但一般不牢记在心，不搬弄是非。
23. Small talk: Like to talk with acquaintances and even strangers, even "gossip", but generally do not keep in mind, do not gossip.
24.辩证：能够在周围很多人认为不利的情形中，看到有利的与美好的一面。不钻牛角尖。
Dialectical: To be able to see the good and beautiful side of a situation that many people around think is not good. Don't poke your nose into it.
25.顺变：当环境发生变化时，能及时调整自己的态度与做法，适应能力比较强。
25. Natural change: When the environment changes, I can timely adjust my attitude and practice, and have strong adaptability.
26.求新：对于时事、新知、周围的事物有比较强的了解和参与的兴趣，并努力去做。
26. Novelty seeking: Have a strong understanding and interest in participating in current events, new knowledge and things around, and try to do it.
27.性格：乐观、开朗，有幽默感，常会放声大笑。平和，无忧，少有争吵。
27. Personality: Optimistic, cheerful, with a sense of humor, often laugh aloud. Peaceful, carefree, with few arguments.
28.务实：容易感到满足与充实，不与人攀比，懂得享受即在的与即有的快乐日子。
28. Pragmatic: easy to feel satisfied and fulfilled, do not compare with others, know how to enjoy the present and present happy days.
29.生死：不那么关注死亡的问题，并为此忧心忡忡。活一天，活好一天；活一年，活好一年。
29. Life and Death: Less concerned and worried about death. Live one day, live well; Live a year, live a good year.
点亮在看，祝你健康长寿，岁岁平安！
Lit in the look, I wish you longevity and health, peace!
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