随笔/0314——项目、项目管理、统筹等的辨析

什么是项目？

A project is any undertaking, carried out individually or collaboratively and possibly involving research or design, that is carefully planned to achieve a particular goal.

词根起源，是pro（before）- object，因而有了计划的含意：

The word project comes from the Latin word projectum from the Latin verb proicere, "before an action," which in turn comes from pro-, which denotes precedence, something that comes before something else in time (paralleling the Greek πρό) and iacere, "to do". The word "project" thus originally meant "before an action"..

When the English language initially adopted the word, it referred to a plan of something, not to the act of actually carrying this plan out. Something performed in accordance with a project became known as an "object". Every project has certain phases of development.

Based on the Project Management Institute, a project can be defined as a "temporary endeavor" aimed to drive changes in teams, organizations, or societies. The output of a project is normally a unique product, service, or result.

那么项目管理呢？不光是要计划，还要实现了：

Project management is the process of leading the work of a team to achieve all project goals within the given constraints. This information is usually described in project documentation, created at the beginning of the development process. The primary constraints are scope, time, and budget. The secondary challenge is to optimize the allocation of necessary inputs and apply them to meet pre-defined objectives.

项目管理这个学科的起源？

这都是fact，但是说项目管理这个学科起源于曼哈顿计划（Manhattan Project）—— 这可能是为了给自己的学科找一个好的起源吧，当然作为一个project，曼哈顿计划的实施成功肯定是应用了project management的方法了。

统筹方法，来自于华罗庚的著名文章，可能大家小学都学过，原文在这里，而《统筹方法》这本书起源于1965年，确实是在尝试不引起大家抵触的情况下，引入了项目管理的方法 —— 但那个时候估计还没有项目管理这个概念吧？1969年PMI才成立。

为啥强调好的起点很重要？有根有魂 —— 哪怕这个是个故事。相比我本科专业工业工程，而且也是魔都强校，但近些年期间居然还改过院系的名字，也许有缺少好的根基、灵魂的原因吧。