Linux LVM简明教程

2018-03-20  本文已影响0人  zhong

本文转自：Linux LVM简明教程

逻辑卷管理LVM是一个多才多艺的硬盘系统工具。无论在Linux或者其他类似的系统，都是非常的好用。传统分区使用固定大小分区，重新调整大小十分麻烦。但是，LVM可以创建和管理“逻辑”卷，而不是直接使用物理硬盘。可以让管理员弹性的管理逻辑卷的扩大缩小，操作简单，而不损坏已存储的数据。可以随意将新的硬盘添加到LVM，以直接扩展已经存在的逻辑卷。LVM并不需要重启就可以让内核知道分区的存在。

LVM使用分层结构，如下图所示。

image

图中顶部，首先是实际的物理磁盘及其划分的分区和其上的物理卷（PV）。一个或多个物理卷可以用来创建卷组（VG）。然后基于卷组可以创建逻辑卷（LV）。只要在卷组中有可用空间，就可以随心所欲的创建逻辑卷。文件系统就是在逻辑卷上创建的，然后可以在操作系统挂载和访问。

LVM测试说明

本文将介绍怎么在linux中创建和管理LVM卷。我们将会分成两个部分。第一个部分，我们首先要在一个硬盘上创建多个逻辑卷，然后将它们挂载在/lvm-mount目录。然后我们将要对创建好的卷调整大小。而第二部分，我们将会从另外一块硬盘增加额外的卷到LVM中。

准备磁盘分区

通过使用fdisk，创建磁盘分区。我们需要创建3个1G分区，注意，并不要求分区的大小一致。同样，分区需要使用‘8e’类型来使他们可用于LVM。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. fdisk /dev/sdb

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. Command (m for help): n ## 新建

  2. Command action

  3. e extended

  4. p primary partition (1-4)

  5. p ## 主分区

  6. Partition number (1-4): 1 ## 分区号

  7. First cylinder (1-1044, default 1): ## 回车用默认的1

  8. Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1044, default 1044): +1G ## 大小

  9. Command (m for help): t ## 改变类型

  10. Selected partition 1

  11. Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e ## LVM 的分区代码

  12. Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

</pre>

重复上面的操作来创建其他两个分区。分区创建完成后，我们应该有类似如下的输出：

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. fdisk -l

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
  2. /dev/sdb1 1 132 1060258+ 8e Linux LVM
  3. /dev/sdb2 133 264 1060290 8e Linux LVM
  4. /dev/sdb3 265 396 1060290 8e Linux LVM

</pre>

准备物理卷(PV)

刚创建的分区是用来储存物理卷的。LVM可以使用不同大小的物理卷。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. pvcreate /dev/sdb1

  2. pvcreate /dev/sdb2

  3. pvcreate /dev/sdb3

</pre>

使用下列命令检查物理卷的创建情况。下面截取部分输出。"/dev/sdb2"是一个新的"1.01 GiB"物理卷。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. pvdisplay

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. --- NEW Physical volume ---
  2. PV Name /dev/sdb2
  3. VG Name
  4. PV Size 1.01 GiB
  5. Allocatable NO
  6. PE Size 0
  7. Total PE 0
  8. Free PE 0
  9. Allocated PE 0
  10. PV UUID jszvzz-ENA2-g5Pd-irhV-T9wi-ZfA3-0xo092

</pre>

使用下列命令可以删除物理卷。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. pvremove /dev/sdb1

</pre>

准备卷组(VG)

下列命令用来创建名为'volume-group1'的卷组，使用/dev/sdb1, /dev/sdb2 和 /dev/sdb3创建。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. vgcreate volume-group1 /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 /dev/sdb3

</pre>

使用下列命令可以来验证卷组。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. vgdisplay

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. --- Volume group ---
  2. VG Name volume-group1
  3. System ID
  4. Format lvm2
  5. Metadata Areas 3
  6. Metadata Sequence No 1
  7. VG Access read/write
  8. VG Status resizable
  9. MAX LV 0
  10. Cur LV 0
  11. Open LV 0
  12. Max PV 0
  13. Cur PV 3
  14. Act PV 3
  15. VG Size 3.02 GiB
  16. PE Size 4.00 MiB
  17. Total PE 774
  18. Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
  19. Free PE / Size 774 / 3.02 GiB
  20. VG UUID bwd2pS-fkAz-lGVZ-qc7C-TaKv-fFUC-IzGNBK

</pre>

从输出中，我们可以看见卷组的使用量/总量。物理卷给卷组提供空间。只要在这个卷组中还有可用空间，我们就可以随意创建逻辑卷。

使用下列命令删除卷组。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. vgremove volume-group1

</pre>

创建逻辑卷(LV)

下列命令创建一个名为'1v1'、大小为100MB的逻辑卷。我们使用小分区减少执行时间。这个逻辑卷使用之前创建的卷组的空间。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. lvcreate -L 100M -n lv1 volume-group1

</pre>

逻辑卷可使用lvdisplay命令查看。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. lvdisplay

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. --- Logical volume ---
  2. LV Name /dev/volume-group1/lv1
  3. VG Name volume-group1
  4. LV UUID YNQ1aa-QVt1-hEj6-ArJX-I1Q4-y1h1-OFEtlW
  5. LV Write Access read/write
  6. LV Status available

  7. open 0

  8. LV Size 100.00 MiB
  9. Current LE 25
  10. Segments 1
  11. Allocation inherit
  12. Read ahead sectors auto
    • currently set to 256
  14. Block device 253:2

</pre>

现在逻辑卷已经准备好了，我们可以格式化和挂载逻辑卷，就像其它ext2/3/4分区一样！

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. mkfs.ext4 /dev/volume-group1/lv1

  2. mkdir /lvm-mount

  3. mount /dev/volume-group1/lv1 /lvm-mount/

</pre>

一旦逻辑卷挂载，我们就可以到挂载点 /lvm-mount/ 上读写了。要创建和挂载其它的逻辑卷，我们重复这个过程。

最后，使用lvremove我们可以删除逻辑卷。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. umount /lvm-mount/

  2. lvremove /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

扩展一个LVM卷

调整逻辑卷大小的功能是LVM最有用的功能。这个部分会讨论我们怎么样扩展一个存在的逻辑卷。下面，我们将会扩展先前创建的逻辑卷‘lv1’扩大到200MB。

注意，调整逻辑卷大小之后，也需要对文件系统调整大小进行匹配。这个额外的步骤各不相同，取决于创建文件系统的类型。在本文中，我们使用'lv1'创建了ext4类型的文件系统，所以这里的操作是针对ext4文件系统的。（ext2/3文件系统也类同）。命令的执行顺序是很重要的。

首先，我们卸载掉lv1卷

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. umount /lvm-mount/

</pre>

然后，设置卷的大小为200M

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. lvresize -L 200M /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

接下来，检查磁盘错误

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. e2fsck -f /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

运行以下命令扩展文件系统以后，ext4信息就更新了。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. resize2fs /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

现在，这个逻辑卷应该已经扩展到200MB了。我们检查LV的状态来验证。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. lvdisplay

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. --- Logical volume ---
  2. LV Name /dev/volume-group1/lv1
  3. VG Name volume-group1
  4. LV UUID 9RtmMY-0RIZ-Dq40-ySjU-vmrj-f1es-7rXBwa
  5. LV Write Access read/write
  6. LV Status available

  7. open 0

  8. LV Size 200.00 MiB
  9. Current LE 50
  10. Segments 1
  11. Allocation inherit
  12. Read ahead sectors auto
    • currently set to 256
  14. Block device 253:2

</pre>

现在，这个逻辑卷可以再次挂载，同样这个方法也可用于其他分区。

缩减一个LVM卷

这章节介绍缩减LVM卷大小的方法。命令的顺序同样重要。并且，下列命令对ext2/3/4文件系统同样有效。

注意减少逻辑卷的大小值若小于储存的数据大小，存储在后面的数据会丢失。

首先，卸载掉卷。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. umount /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

然后，检测磁盘错误。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. e2fsck -f /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

接下来缩小文件系统，更新ext4信息。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. resize2fs /dev/volume-group1/lv1 100M

</pre>

完成以后，减少逻辑卷大小

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. lvresize -L 100M /dev/volume-group1/lv1

</pre>

WARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 100.00 MiB THIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.) Do you really want to reduce lv1? [y/n]: y Reducing logical volume lv1 to 100.00 MiB Logical volume lv1 successfully resized

最后，验证调整后的逻辑卷大小。

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. lvdisplay

</pre>

<pre class="prettyprint linenums prettyprinted" style="word-wrap: break-word; background-color: rgb(22, 27, 32); background-image: url("data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAAICAYAAAA4GpVBAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAAZiS0dEAP8A/wD/oL2nkwAAAAlwSFlzAAALEwAACxMBAJqcGAAAAAd0SU1FB90GBgMqHcZ0EYUAAAAZdEVYdENvbW1lbnQAQ3JlYXRlZCB3aXRoIEdJTVBXgQ4XAAAAF0lEQVQI12NgYGAwZsAECDEWBgYGBgYACpwAazfG694AAAAASUVORK5CYII="); font-size: 14px; box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) 0px 0px 5px; text-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 1px 1px; border-radius: 6px; color: rgb(184, 255, 184); margin: 10px; padding: 1em 1em 1em 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; border: 1px solid rgb(0, 0, 0); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">

  1. --- Logical volume ---
  2. LV Name /dev/volume-group1/lv1
  3. VG Name volume-group1
  4. LV UUID 9RtmMY-0RIZ-Dq40-ySjU-vmrj-f1es-7rXBwa
  5. LV Write Access read/write
  6. LV Status available

  7. open 0

  8. LV Size 100.00 MiB
  9. Current LE 25
  10. Segments 1
  11. Allocation inherit
  12. Read ahead sectors auto
    • currently set to 256
  14. Block device 253:2

</pre>

扩展一个卷组
本节将讨论扩展卷组的方法，将一个物理卷添加到卷组。让我们假设我们的卷组'volume-group1'已经满了，需要扩大。手上的硬盘（sdb）已经没有其他空闲分区，我们添加了另外一个硬盘（sdc）。我们将看到如何把sdc的分区添加到卷组以扩展。

检测现在卷组状态

vgdisplay volume-group1

--- Volume group ---
VG Name volume-group1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 3
Metadata Sequence No 8
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 3
Act PV 3
VG Size 3.02 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 774
Alloc PE / Size 25 / 100.00 MiB
Free PE / Size 749 / 2.93 GiB
VG UUID bwd2pS-fkAz-lGVZ-qc7C-TaKv-fFUC-IzGNBK
首先，我们创建一个2GB分区sdc1，类型为LVM（8e），如教程前所述。

fdisk /dev/sdc

Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-1044, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-1044, default 1044): +2G

Command (m for help): t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): 8e
Changed system type of partition 1 to 8e (Linux LVM)

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
然后，我们创建一个物理卷 /dev/sdc1

pvcreate /dev/sdc1

现在，物理卷已经准备好了，我们可以简单地将它增加到已存在的卷组'volume-group1'上。

vgextend volume-group1 /dev/sdc1

使用vgdisplay来验证（可以看到卷组大小已经增大）。

vgdisplay

--- Volume group ---
VG Name volume-group1
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 4
Metadata Sequence No 9
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 1
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 4
Act PV 4
VG Size 5.03 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 1287
Alloc PE / Size 25 / 100.00 MiB
Free PE / Size 1262 / 4.93 GiB
VG UUID bwd2pS-fkAz-lGVZ-qc7C-TaKv-fFUC-IzGNBK
注意，尽管我们使用一个单独的磁盘做示范，其实只要是‘8e’类型的磁盘分区都可以用来扩展卷组。

总结一下，LVM是一个非常给力的工具，用来创建和管理可变大小的分区。本文中，我们已经介绍了动态分区如何在LVM中创建和使用。我们也介绍了扩展/缩小逻辑卷和卷组的方法，和如何增加一个新的磁盘到LVM。

希望对你有帮助。

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