2018.11CATTI二、三级笔译实务真题汇总和出处！

完整版2018.11CATTI二、三级笔译实务真题汇总和出处！

Joy高斋翻译 

2018.11CATTI二笔实务真题

英译汉

passage 1

ABC 新闻

来源：https://abcnews.go.com/US/drone-footage-terrifying-glimpse-hawaiian-volcano-damage/story?id=54987152

New drone footage gives a glimpse of the damage that Hawaii's Big Island sustained in the wake of volcanic explosions in recent days. Smoke can be seen billowing off the lava as it creeps down roads and through wooded areas toward homes. Fires are visible with terrifying streams of brightness breaking through the surrounding areas of black. After a day of relative calm, Kilauea（基拉韦厄火山） roared back in full force on Sunday, spewing lava 300 feet in the air, encroaching on a half mile of new ground and bringing the total number of destroyed structures to 35. There have been 1,800 residents evacuated from their neighborhoods where cracks have been opening and spilling lava. In evacuated areas with relatively low sulfur dioxide levels, residents were allowed to return home for a few hours to collect belongings on Sunday and Monday. Officials said those residents - a little more than half of the evacuees -- were allowed to return briefly, and they would continue to allow residents in if it could be done safely.

"Things got pretty active," an official said at a Saturday press conference. "The eight volcanoes were pretty active, to the point where lava was spewing and the flow started spreading so we got additional damage out there. I'm not sure what the count is, but we thought it was just continuing to go. Fortunately, seismicity has laid down and the volcanoes have gone quiet now." But officials had cautioned that while the lava flow was quiet, it wouldn't be for long. "More volcanoes could open up, the existing ones could get active again. "There's a lot of lava under the ground so eventually it's going to come up." The island was also rocked by a 6.9-magnitude earthquake on Friday, which caused landslides near the coast, but minimal structural damage. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) said Sunday the island had experienced more than 500 earthquakes - 13 with a magnitude greater than 4.0 -- in the 24 hours following the 6.9-magnitude quake. But, the concern for residents continues to be the lava and gas emitted from volcanoes. "The lava is definitely destroying people's homes -- we don't have an exact count - but it is a devastating situation.” Hawaii County head said Saturday. "There's no way we could've predicted this."

英译汉

passage 2

Just as in America, in Britain too, the story told by official statistics does not always match people’s experience. That is especially true in places like Newcastle, a former shipbuilding city, which lost out to competition from Asia in the 1970s and has seen living standards stagnate ever since. The U.S. economy, we are told, is booming. In the past two quarters, gross domestic product has risen by more than 3%, the stock market is soaring and unemployment is down to a 17-year low of 4.1%. Many people, though, don’t feel that upside. The perception gap is huge. Unemployment, more broadly measured, is higher than the headline number suggests because many people have simply given up looking for work or are working in part-time jobs when they want a full-time job. One of the prime faults of GDP is that it deals in averages and aggregates. Aggregates hide the inequality. And averages don’t tell us very much at all. Barring a few recessions, the U.S. economy has been on a near relentless upward path since the 1950s. Yet according to a Pew Research Center(皮尤研究中心) report, the average hourly wage for nonmanagement private-sector work was $20.67 in 2014, just $1.49 higher than in 1964, adjusted for inflation.

Studies suggest that people care more about relative than absolute wealth. If that is true, then as a minority have become richer, the majority have grown more miserable. In a famous experiment carried out at Emory University（埃默里大学）, two monkeys were put side by side and given cucumbers as a reward for performing a task. When one of the monkeys was given better-tasting grapes instead, the monkey receiving cucumbers became distraught, flinging its now despised reward at its trainer. The problems with using GDP as a barometer go beyond masking inequality. Invented in the US in the 1930s, the figure is a child of the manufacturing age–good at measuring physical production but not the services that dominate modern economies. How would GDP measure the quality of mental-health care or the availability of day-care centers and parks in your area? Even the Belarusian economist who practically invented GDP not like the fact that it counted armaments and financial speculation as positive outputs. Above all, he said, GDP should never be confused with well-being. That suggests we need to find different ways of measuring our success. For the most part, we have become obsessed with a single measure that offers only limited information.

汉译英

passage 1

来源：http://www.chinaiprlaw.cn/index.php?id=3999

互联网是一个社会信息大平台，亿万网民在上面获得信息、交流信息，这会对他们的求知途径、思维方式、价值观念产生重要影响，特别是会对他们、对国家、对社会、对工作、对人生的看法产生重要影响。网民来自老百姓，老百姓上了网，民意也就上了网。各级党政机关和领导干部要学会通过网络与民众保持联系，经常上网，看看、聊聊天、发发声，了解公众所思所愿，收集好想法好建议，积极回应网民关切、解疑释惑。

网民大多数是普通群众，来各行各业，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定是五花八门的，不能要求他们对所有问题都看得那么准、说得那么对。要多一些包容和耐心，对建设性意见要及时吸纳，对有困难的人要及时帮助，对不了解情况的要及时宣介，对模糊认识要及时廓清，对怨气怨言要及时化解，对错误看法要及时引导和纠正。

汉译英

passage 2

当今，世界各国的实力较量涉及诸多因素，其中最重要的一个要素是市场规模。哪个国家的市场大，对其他国家的吸引力就越大，也越容易处于领先地位。中国有14亿人口，这就决定了它拥有世界上最大的消费市场。经济学家都认为，过去这些年，中国市场发展的速度是世界上最快的。

连续九年，中国是世界上最大的汽车市场。2016年，美国销售了1,700万辆汽车，同年中国则销售了2,400万辆，其中在中国的美国合资公司销售的汽车占比很大。中国还是世界上最大的智能手机市场，也是最大的服装、电商、国内旅游和农产品市场。中国市场展现了惊人的发展潜力。在中国，中产和富裕阶层人士迅速增长，年轻人有了全新的消费习惯，线上线下销售渠道覆盖了全国各地。随着医疗、养老产业不断发展，还将进一步提升中国人的消费能力。

2018.11CATTI三笔实务真题

英译汉

passage 1

来源：

18.1.6(TheGuardian)

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jun/06/antarctica-plastic-contamination-reaches-earths-last-wilderness

Traces of microplastics and hazardous chemicals found in majority of snow and ice samples taken earlier this year.

Plastic and traces of hazardous chemicals have been found in Antarctica, one of the world’s last great wildernesses, according to a new study.

Researchers spent three months taking water and snow samples from remote areas of the continent earlier this year.

These have now been analysed and researchers have confirmed the majority contained “persistent hazardous chemicals” or microplastics.

The findings come amid growing concern about the extent of the plastic pollution crisis which scientists have warned risks “permanent contamination” of the planet.

Earlier this week, the UN warned it is one of the world’s biggest environmental threats and said although 60 countries were taking urgent action more needed to be done.

The new report by researchers at Greenpeace is part of global campaign to create the world’s biggest ocean sanctuary in the seas around Antarctica to protect the fragile ecosystem from industrial fishing and climate change.

Frida Bengtsson, of Greenpeace’s Protect the Antarctic campaign, said the findings proved that even the most remote areas of the planet were not immune from the impact of manmade pollution.

“We need action at source, to stop these pollutants ending up in the Antarctic in the first place, and we need an Antarctic ocean sanctuary to give space for penguins, whales and the entire ecosystem to recover from the pressures they’re facing,” she said.

Seven of the eight sea-surface water samples tested contained microplastics such as microfibres. Seven of the nine snow samples tested contained detectable concentrations of the persistent hazardous chemicals.

Researchers said the chemicals are widely used in many industrial processes and consumer products and have been linked to reproductive and developmental issues in wildlife. They said the snow samples gathered included freshly fallen snow, suggesting the hazardous chemicals had come from contaminated rain or snowfall.

Prof Alex Rogers, a specialist in sustainable oceans at the Oxford Martin school, Oxford University, said the discovery of plastics and chemicals in Antarctica confirmed that manmade pollutants were now affecting ecosystems in every corner of the world.And he warned the consequences of this pervasive contamination remained largely unknown.

“The big question now is what are the actual consequences of finding this stuff here? Many of these chemicals are pretty nasty and as they move up the food chain they may be having serious consequences for the health of wildlife, and ultimately humans. The effects of microplastics on marine life, likewise, are largely not understood,” he said.

There is relatively little data on the extent of microplastics in Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would lead to a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemical pollutants.

Bengtsson said: “Plastic has now been found in all corners of our oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of the ocean, the Mariana trench. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plastic into our seas and we need large-scale marine reserves – like a huge Antarctic ocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine life and our oceans for future generations.”

passage 1

汉译英

来源：搜狐旅游板块河南省介绍

河南是中华民族和文明的重要发源地。中国四大发明中，指南针，造纸技术和火药都发明于河南。河南拥有厚重的文化历史，大量的历史文物，文物数量居全国首位。河南拥有大量的历史文物和文化遗迹，8处国家级风景名胜、358个国家重点文物保护单位、4个世界级地质公园、11个国家级自然保护区。

河南是中国重要的经济大省，2017国内生产总值稳居中国第5位。2017年河南生产总值44,988亿元，比上年增长7.8%，人均生产总值47130元，增长7.4%。粮食种植面积达10135千公顷，粮食产量5973.4万吨，比上年增加26.8万吨。全部工业增加值18,807亿元，增长7.4%，社会消费品零售总额19666亿元，增长11.6%。全民居民消费价格比上年上涨1.4%

河南是“一带一路”的重要中心。河南已经与200多个国家和地区建立贸易联系。河南要以其更有吸引力的政策，更友好的营商环境，广迎四海宾客，实现更高层次的互利共赢。

三笔英译汉参考译文取自世界播！

Antarctica: plastic contamination reaches Earth's last wilderness

南极洲：塑料污染“到达”地球最后一片荒野

Traces of microplastics and hazardous chemicals found in majority of snow and ice samples taken earlier this year.

在今年早些时候采集的大部分冰雪样本中发现了微量塑料和有害化学物质。

Thilo Maack takes snow samples on Greenwich Island in the Antarctic to test for environmental pollutants. Photograph: Paul Hilton/Paul Hilton / Greenpeace

Thilo Maack在南极的格林尼治岛采集雪样本，以检测环境污染物。摄影:保罗·希尔顿/保罗·希尔顿/绿色和平组织

Plastic and traces of hazardous chemicals have been found in Antarctica, one of the world’s last great wildernesses, according to a new study.

一项新的研究表明，研究人员在南极洲发现了塑料和有害化学物质，这是世界上最后的几片荒野之一。

Researchers spent three months taking water and snow samples from remote areas of the continent earlier this year.

今年早些时候，研究人员花了三个月的时间从大陆偏远地区采集了水和雪的样本。

These have now been analysed and researchers have confirmed the majority contained “persistent hazardous chemicals” or microplastics.

目前已经对这些物质进行了分析，研究人员证实，其中大部分都含有“持久性危险化学物质”或微塑料。

The findings come amid growing concern about the extent of the plastic pollution crisis which scientists have warned risks “permanent contamination” of the planet.

这一发现正值人们对塑料污染危机程度日益担忧之际。科学家们警告称，塑料污染危机可能给地球带来“永久性伤害”。

Earlier this week, the UN warned it is one of the world’s biggest environmental threats and said although 60 countries were taking urgent action more needed to be done.

本周早些时候，联合国说，尽管有60个国家正在采取更为迫切的行动，但其警告称，这是世界上最大的环境威胁之一。

The new report by researchers at Greenpeace is part of global campaign to create the world’s biggest ocean sanctuary in the seas around Antarctica to protect the fragile ecosystem from industrial fishing and climate change.

绿色和平组织研究人员的最新报告是全球保护行动的一部分，目的是在南极洲周围海域创建世界上最大的海洋保护区，以保护脆弱的生态系统免受捕捞业和气候变化的影响。

Frida Bengtsson, of Greenpeace’s Protect the Antarctic campaign, said the findings proved that even the most remote areas of the planet were not immune from the impact of manmade pollution.

绿色和平组织保护南极运动的Frida Bengtsson说，这些发现证明即使是地球上最偏远的地区也无法免受人为污染的影响。

“We need action at source, to stop these pollutants ending up in the Antarctic in the first place, and we need an Antarctic ocean sanctuary to give space for penguins, whales and the entire ecosystem to recover from the pressures they’re facing,” she said.

她说:“我们需要从源头上采取行动，首先阻止这些污染物进入南极。我们需要一个南极海洋保护区，为企鹅、鲸鱼和整个生态系统提供空间，让它们从海洋污染的压力中恢复过来。”

Seven of the eight sea-surface water samples tested contained microplastics such as microfibres. Seven of the nine snow samples tested contained detectable concentrations of the persistent hazardous chemicals – polyfluorinated alkylated substances, or PFAS.

在测试的8个海水样本中，有7个含有微塑料，如微纤维。在测试的9个雪样中，有7个样品含有可检测到的持久性有害化学物质——聚氟化烷基化物质(PFAS)。

Researchers said the chemicals are widely used in many industrial processes and consumer products and have been linked to reproductive and developmental issues in wildlife. They said the snow samples gathered included freshly fallen snow, suggesting the hazardous chemicals had come from contaminated rain or snowfall.

研究人员说，这些化学物质广泛应用于工业过程和消费品中，并与野生动物的生殖和发育问题密切相关。他们说，收集到的雪样本中包括刚刚下的雪，表明危险的化学物质来自受污染的雨或降雪。

Prof Alex Rogers, a specialist in sustainable oceans at the Oxford Martin school, Oxford University, said the discovery of plastics and chemicals in Antarctica confirmed that manmade pollutants were now affecting ecosystems in every corner of the world.

牛津大学牛津马丁学院可持续海洋专家亚历克斯•罗杰斯教授表示，南极洲塑料和化学物质的发现证实，人造污染物正在影响世界各地的生态系统。

And he warned the consequences of this pervasive contamination remained largely unknown.

他警告说，这种无孔不入污染的后果在很大程度上仍不为人知。

“The big question now is what are the actual consequences of finding this stuff here? Many of these chemicals are pretty nasty and as they move up the food chain they may be having serious consequences for the health of wildlife, and ultimately humans. The effects of microplastics on marine life, likewise, are largely not understood,” he said.

“现在的主要问题是，在这里发现这些污染物的实际后果是什么?”这些化学物质中有许多是非常有害的，当它们沿着食物链移动时，它们可能会对野生动物的健康造成严重影响，最终危及人类。同样地，微型塑料对海洋生物的影响在很大程度上是不为人知的。

The samples were collected during a three-month expedition to the Antarctic aboard the Greenpeace ship, Arctic Sunrise, from January to March 2018. Photograph: Christian Åslund/Christian Åslund / Greenpeac

这是2018年1月至3月为期三个月的南极考察中，绿色和平组织的“北极日出”号船所采集的样本。照片:克里斯蒂安·阿斯伦德/克里斯蒂安·阿斯伦德/格林佩克

There is relatively little data on the extent of microplastics in Antarctic waters, and researchers said they hoped this new study would lead to a greater understanding of the global extent of plastic and chemical pollutants.

目前还没有相关数据表明南极水域塑料微粒的范围。研究人员表示，他们希望这项新研究能让人们对遍及全球的塑料和化学污染物有更深入的了解。

Bengtsson said: “Plastic has now been found in all corners of our oceans, from the Antarctic to the Arctic and at the deepest point of the ocean, the Mariana trench. We need urgent action to reduce the flow of plastic into our seas and we need large-scale marine reserves – like a huge Antarctic ocean sanctuary which over 1.6m people are calling for – to protect marine life and our oceans for future generations.”

本特松说:“从南极到北极，再到海洋最深处的马里亚纳海沟，我们在海洋的各个角落都发现了塑料。我们需要采取紧急行动，减少塑料流入我们的海洋，我们需要大规模的海洋设施——比如超过160万人呼吁建立的巨大南极海洋保护区——目的是为子孙后代保护海洋生物和海洋。