Android 常用组件中 Service 的启动过程分析？阅读

2022-07-07 本文已影响0人程序老秃子

前言

这几天分析了一下Activity的启动过程和Service的启动过程，于是乎，今天写一下Service是如何启动的； 给我的感觉是这些启动过程并不复杂，千万不要被一坨一坨的代码吓住了，虽然弯弯绕绕不少，重载函数一个接着一个，就向走迷宫一样，但只要抓住主线阅读，很快就能找到出口

强调一下阅读系统源码，起码要对进程间通信要了解，对binder机制非常非常清楚，binder就是指南针，要不然你会晕头转向；强行阅读，就容易睡着

Service启动流程图：

这张图能够说明一个大致的流程，但是服务的启动肯定不是这么简单，但是我们先简单的总结一下，逐渐深入

服务的启动形式有两种：

startService()和 binderService()，我们看startService()这一种；startService是ContextWrapper里面的方法

ContextWrapper.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1239" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n793" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> @Override
 public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
 return mBase.startService(service);//mBase这里指的是ContextImpl类
 }</pre></pre>

ContextImpl.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1241" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n803" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> @Override
 public ComponentName startService(Intent service) {
 warnIfCallingFromSystemProcess();
 return startServiceCommon(service, mUser);
 }</pre></pre>

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1242" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n806" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> private ComponentName startServiceCommon(Intent service, UserHandle user) {
 try {
 //检验Intent
 validateServiceIntent(service);
 ......
 ComponentName cn = ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().startService(
 mMainThread.getApplicationThread(), service, service.resolveTypeIfNeeded(
 getContentResolver()), getOpPackageName(), user.getIdentifier());
 ......
 return cn;
 } catch (RemoteException e) {
 throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
 }
 }</pre></pre>

校验完Intent后，就调用ActivityManagerNative.getDefault()，获取一个IActivityManager对象，将启动Service这件事情交给了IActivityManager

我们看一下ActivityManagerNative的类定义

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1245" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n819" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">public abstract class ActivityManagerNative extends Binder implements IActivityManager</pre></pre>

这种模式是不是非常熟悉啊？ 继承了Binder，实现了一个IActivityManager接口，这个跟我们生成了远程服务通信生成的AIDL的java文件怎么那么像，现在告诉你，这就是为了远程服务通信做准备的，只是一般这种类我们都是自动生成的，ActivityManagerNative 是谷歌的人自己写

一个完整的AID L有两部分，一个是个跟服务端通信的Stub,一个是跟客户端通信的Proxy； ActivityManagerNative就是Stub,阅读源码发现在ActivityManagerNative 文件中还有个ActivityManagerProxy，那么跟客户端通信的Proxy也有了；先看IActivityManager怎么获取的

ActivityManagerNative.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1249" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n828" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> static public IActivityManager getDefault() {
 return gDefault.get();
 }</pre></pre>

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1250" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n832" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> private static final Singleton<IActivityManager> gDefault = new Singleton<IActivityManager>() {
 protected IActivityManager create() {
 //获取名为"activity"的服务，服务都注册到ServiceManager来统一管理
 IBinder b = ServiceManager.getService("activity");
 if (false) {
 Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service binder = " + b);
 }
 IActivityManager am = asInterface(b);
 if (false) {
 Log.v("ActivityManager", "default service = " + am);
 }
 return am;
 }
 };</pre></pre>

就是一个单例设计模式，获取到服务对象IBinder，把这个IBinder转换成IActivityManager返回了；现在由IActivityManager启动服务

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1252" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n837" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> public ComponentName startService(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service,
 String resolvedType, String callingPackage, int userId) throws RemoteException
 {
 Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
 Parcel reply = Parcel.obtain();
 data.writeInterfaceToken(IActivityManager.descriptor);
 data.writeStrongBinder(caller != null ? caller.asBinder() : null);
 service.writeToParcel(data, 0);
 data.writeString(resolvedType);
 data.writeString(callingPackage);
 data.writeInt(userId);

 mRemote.transact(START_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, reply, 0);

 reply.readException();
 ComponentName res = ComponentName.readFromParcel(reply);
 data.recycle();
 reply.recycle();
 return res;
 }</pre></pre>

上面说了ActivityManagerProxy作为binder通信的客户端，ActivityManagerNative 作为binder通信的服务端； mRemote.transact()是binder通信的客户端发起方法，经过binder驱动，最后回到binder服务端ActivityManagerNative的onTransact()方法

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1254" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n845" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> @Override
 public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags)
 throws RemoteException {
 .......
 switch (code) {
 case START_SERVICE_TRANSACTION: {
 data.enforceInterface(IActivityManager.descriptor);
 IBinder b = data.readStrongBinder();
 IApplicationThread app = ApplicationThreadNative.asInterface(b);
 Intent service = Intent.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
 String resolvedType = data.readString();
 String callingPackage = data.readString();
 int userId = data.readInt();
 ComponentName cn = startService(app, service, resolvedType, callingPackage, userId);
 reply.writeNoException();
 ComponentName.writeToParcel(cn, reply);
 return true;
 }
 }
 .......
 }</pre></pre>

ActivityManagerNative的真正实现是ActivityManagerService； 所以binder通信的服务端的ActivityManagerService，ActivityManagerProxy.startService()最终调用ActivityManagerService.startService()

注意这就跨进程了，ActivityManagerService是一个服务端的进程

看ActivityManagerService中的startService方法

ActivityManagerService.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1259" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n853" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> public ComponentName startService(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service,
 String resolvedType, String callingPackage, int userId)
 throws TransactionTooLargeException {
 ......
 synchronized(this) {
 .......
 ComponentName res = mServices.startServiceLocked(caller, service,
 resolvedType, callingPid, callingUid, callingPackage, userId);
 Binder.restoreCallingIdentity(origId);
 return res;
 }
 }</pre></pre>

ActivityManagerService没有直接干这个活，而是把这个任务交给了mService, mService 是一个 ActiveServices 对象； 在早期的安卓版本中并没有这个类，后来重构时抽出这个类专门用来管理Service.

ActiveServices.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1262" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n862" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> ComponentName startServiceLocked(IApplicationThread caller, Intent service, String resolvedType,
 int callingPid, int callingUid, String callingPackage, int userId)
 throws TransactionTooLargeException {
 ........
 return startServiceInnerLocked(smap, service, r, callerFg, addToStarting);
 }</pre></pre>

startServiceInnerLocked调用了 bringUpServiceLocked(),bringUpServiceLocked()内部调用了realStartServiceLocked()，我们看realStartServiceLocked()方法

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1264" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n869" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">private final void realStartServiceLocked(ServiceRecord r,
 ProcessRecord app, boolean execInFg) throws RemoteException {
 .......
 try {
 .......
 app.thread.scheduleCreateService(r, r.serviceInfo,
 mAm.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(r.serviceInfo.applicationInfo),
 app.repProcState);
 r.postNotification();
 created = true;
 } catch (DeadObjectException e) {
 ....
 } finally {
 ....
 }

 requestServiceBindingsLocked(r, execInFg);

 updateServiceClientActivitiesLocked(app, null, true);

 // If the service is in the started state, and there are no
 // pending arguments, then fake up one so its onStartCommand() will
 // be called.
 if (r.startRequested && r.callStart && r.pendingStarts.size() == 0) {
 r.pendingStarts.add(new ServiceRecord.StartItem(r, false, r.makeNextStartId(),
 null, null));
 }
 // 进入onStartCommand()
 sendServiceArgsLocked(r, execInFg, true);

 ....
 }</pre></pre>

这里的关键是

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1266" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n875" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> app.thread.scheduleCreateService(r, r.serviceInfo,
 mAm.compatibilityInfoForPackageLocked(r.serviceInfo.applicationInfo),</pre></pre>

app 是要运行 Service 的进程对应的 ProcessRecord 对象； 代表一个应用进程。要区分一下，一般我们都是单方向通信，客户端将处理请求发送给服务端，服务端处理后返回，如果要服务端向客户端发送一个“请求”呢？

这里的thread 是一个 ApplicationThreadProxy 对象； 它是应用进程的 ApplicatonThread 对象在 AMS 端的代理，AMS 靠它来和应用进程进行通信；所以AMS和应用进程可以双向通信了

ApplicationThreadProxy.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1271" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n887" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">public final void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token, ServiceInfo info,
 CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, int processState) throws RemoteException {
 Parcel data = Parcel.obtain();
 data.writeInterfaceToken(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
 data.writeStrongBinder(token);
 info.writeToParcel(data, 0);
 compatInfo.writeToParcel(data, 0);
 data.writeInt(processState);
 try {
 mRemote.transact(SCHEDULE_CREATE_SERVICE_TRANSACTION, data, null, IBinder.FLAG_ONEWAY);
 } catch (TransactionTooLargeException e) {
 throw e;
 }
 data.recycle();
}</pre></pre>

执行mRemote.transact后，就会回调ApplicationThreadNative的onTransact,这是Binder的套路

ApplicationThreadNative.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1274" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n894" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">public boolean onTransact(int code, Parcel data, Parcel reply, int flags)
 throws RemoteException {
 switch (code) {
 case SCHEDULE_CREATE_SERVICE_TRANSACTION: {
 data.enforceInterface(IApplicationThread.descriptor);
 IBinder token = data.readStrongBinder();
 ServiceInfo info = ServiceInfo.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
 CompatibilityInfo compatInfo = CompatibilityInfo.CREATOR.createFromParcel(data);
 int processState = data.readInt();
 scheduleCreateService(token, info, compatInfo, processState);
 return true;
 }
 ...
}</pre></pre>

内部调用scheduleCreateService，看上面的图，可以知道，scheduleCreateService是属于ApplicatonThread的

ApplicatonThread.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1277" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n902" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> public final void scheduleCreateService(IBinder token,
 ServiceInfo info, CompatibilityInfo compatInfo, int processState) {
 updateProcessState(processState, false);
 CreateServiceData s = new CreateServiceData();
 s.token = token;
 s.info = info;
 s.compatInfo = compatInfo;

 sendMessage(H.CREATE_SERVICE, s);
 }</pre></pre>

发送一个消息，这个消息都是由H类处理的，H类就是系统Hander,专门处理系统请求的；比如一些Activity的生命周期等全在这里面； 这个 H对象是在应用进程的主线程中创建的，所以最终的结果是把创建 Service 的消息传到了主线程,因此Service是运行在主线程中的

H.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1280" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n911" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">private class H extends Handler {
 .........
 public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

 if (DEBUG_MESSAGES) Slog.v(TAG, ">>> handling: " + codeToString(msg.what));
 switch (msg.what) {

 case CREATE_SERVICE:
 Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER, "serviceCreate");
 handleCreateService((CreateServiceData)msg.obj);
 Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_ACTIVITY_MANAGER);
 }
 }</pre></pre>

ActivityThread.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1282" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n918" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"> private void handleCreateService(CreateServiceData data) {

 .......
 LoadedApk packageInfo = getPackageInfoNoCheck(
 data.info.applicationInfo, data.compatInfo);
 Service service = null;
 try {
 // 反射加载Service
 java.lang.ClassLoader cl = packageInfo.getClassLoader();
 service = (Service) cl.loadClass(data.info.name).newInstance();
 } catch (Exception e) {
 .......
 }

 try {
 if (localLOGV) Slog.v(TAG, "Creating service " + data.info.name);
 //创建ContextImpl对象
 ContextImpl context = ContextImpl.createAppContext(this, packageInfo);
 context.setOuterContext(service);
 //创建Application对象
 Application app = packageInfo.makeApplication(false, mInstrumentation);
 service.attach(context, this, data.info.name, data.token, app,
 ActivityManagerNative.getDefault());
 //回调onCreate方法
 service.onCreate();
 mServices.put(data.token, service);
 try {
 //调用服务创建完成
 ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().serviceDoneExecuting(
 data.token, SERVICE_DONE_EXECUTING_ANON, 0, 0);
 } catch (RemoteException e) {
 // nothing to do.
 }
 } catch (Exception e) {
 .......
 }
 }</pre></pre>

到此Service的onCreate就回调了；那么onStartCommand()何时回调呢？

在realStartServiceLocked中调用了sendServiceArgsLocked(r, execInFg, true),sendServiceArgsLocked与上面类似，最终也是发送了一个（SERVICE_ARGS）消息

ApplicationThread.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1286" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n927" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">public final void scheduleServiceArgs(IBinder token, boolean taskRemoved, int startId,
 int flags ,Intent args) {
 ServiceArgsData s = new ServiceArgsData();
 s.token = token;
 s.taskRemoved = taskRemoved;
 s.startId = startId;
 s.flags = flags;
 s.args = args;

 sendMessage(H.SERVICE_ARGS, s);
 }</pre></pre>

ActivityThread.java

<pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n1288" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><pre spellcheck="false" class="md-fences md-end-block ty-contain-cm modeLoaded" lang="" cid="n934" mdtype="fences" style="box-sizing: border-box; overflow: visible; font-family: var(--monospace); font-size: 0.9em; display: block; break-inside: avoid; text-align: left; white-space: normal; background-image: inherit; background-position: inherit; background-size: inherit; background-repeat: inherit; background-attachment: inherit; background-origin: inherit; background-clip: inherit; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248); position: relative !important; border: 1px solid rgb(231, 234, 237); border-radius: 3px; padding: 8px 4px 6px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 15px; width: inherit; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">private void handleServiceArgs(ServiceArgsData data) {
 Service s = mServices.get(data.token);
 if (s != null) {
 try {
 if (data.args != null) {
 data.args.setExtrasClassLoader(s.getClassLoader());
 data.args.prepareToEnterProcess();
 }
 int res;
 if (!data.taskRemoved) {
 //onStartCommand回调
 res = s.onStartCommand(data.args, data.flags, data.startId);
 } else {
 s.onTaskRemoved(data.args);
 res = Service.START_TASK_REMOVED_COMPLETE;
 }

 QueuedWork.waitToFinish();

 try {
 ActivityManagerNative.getDefault().serviceDoneExecuting(
 data.token, SERVICE_DONE_EXECUTING_START, data.startId, res);
 } catch (RemoteException e) {
 // nothing to do.
 }
 ensureJitEnabled();
 } catch (Exception e) {
 ......
 }
 }
 }</pre></pre>

Service的onCreate的回调和onStartCommand的回调套路是完全一样的； 朋友们可以自己体会，onCreate的回调先执行scheduleCreateService()方法，最终回调Service.onCreate(); onStartCommand的回调先执行scheduleServiceArgs()方法，最终回调Service.onStartCommand()

小结一下：

IActivityManager接口中定义了AMS向应用程序（本例中即Service）提供的多种API，Activity通过ActivityManagerProxy就可以使用这些API，向AMS发出请求

所以是通过ActivityManagerProxy，调用ActivityManagerProxy的startService方法，在内部调用transact，然后会调用ActivityManagerNative中的onTransact()方法

在该方法中，将会r完成AMS与Activity的连接并调用AMS的startService()方法，那么AMS是如何Service所在的应用程序呢？比如scheduleCreateService

原来ApplicationThreadProxy 是应用进程的 ApplicatonThread 对象在 AMS 端的代理，AMS 靠它来和应用进程进行通信。这就是Activity与AMS之间的 双向Binder连接

Activity用IActivityManager提供的APIActivityManagerService提出执行某个动作的请求（本例中是启动RemoteService），ActivityManagerService通过IApplicationThread提供的API来控制Activity所在的应用程序

上面的分析省去了很多的内容，如果从进程角度看服务启动过程

Process A进程：

是指调用startService命令所在的进程，也就是启动服务的发起端进程

system_server进程：

系统进程，是java framework框架的核心载体，里面运行了大量的系统服务，比如这里提供ApplicationThreadProxy，ActivityManagerService，这个两个服务都运行在system_server进程的不同线程中

Zygote进程：

是由init进程孵化而来的，用于创建Java层进程的母体，所有的Java层进程都是由Zygote进程孵化而来

Remote Service进程：

远程服务所在进程，是由Zygote进程孵化而来的用于运行Remote服务的进程。主线程主要负责Activity/Service等组件的生命周期以及UI相关操作都运行在这个线程；另外，每个App进程中至少会有两个binder线程 ApplicationThread和ActivityManagerProxy

启动流程：

Process A进程采用Binder IPC向system_server进程发起startService请求；
system_server进程接收到请求后，向zygote进程发送创建进程的请求；
zygote进程fork出新的子进程Remote Service进程；
Remote Service进程，通过Binder IPC向sytem_server进程发起attachApplication请求；
system_server进程在收到请求后，进行一系列准备工作后，再通过binder IPC向remote Service进程发送scheduleCreateService请求；
Remote Service进程的binder线程在收到请求后，通过handler向主线程发送CREATE_SERVICE消息；
主线程在收到Message后，通过发射机制创建目标Service，并回调Service.onCreate()方法。到此，服务便正式启动完成。当创建的是本地服务或者服务所属进程已创建时，则无需经过上述步骤2、3，直接创建服务即可

好了，文章基本上就到这里，Service 的启动过程分析到此完毕了！，如有地方不对或者有不同理解的可以提出来

有需要文中完整代码的同学 可以点击 此处 即可免费获取

现在点击还可以获得更多《Android 学习笔记＋源码解析＋面试视频》

最后我想说：

对于程序员来说，要学习的知识内容、技术有太多太多，要想不被环境淘汰就只有不断提升自己，从来都是我们去适应环境，而不是环境来适应我们

技术是无止境的，你需要对自己提交的每一行代码、使用的每一个工具负责，不断挖掘其底层原理，才能使自己的技术升华到更高的层面

Android 架构师之路还很漫长，与君共勉