笔记36 | android通讯之实现一个Messenger通讯
地址:
http://www.jianshu.com/p/2ecff86f277d
前言:
Android进程间的通信方式常见有Intent,Broadcast,aidl,SharedPreferences,ContentProvider,Messenger,Socket。
本节要学习的就是Messenger!
目录
- Messenger介绍
- 实现
Messenger介绍
/**
* Reference to a Handler, which others can use to send messages to it(引用一个Handler,其他人可以用来向它发送消息).
* This allows for the implementation of message-based communication across
* processes(这允许实现基于消息的通信的实现), by creating a Messenger pointing to a Handler in one process(通过在一个进程中创建一个指向处理程序的Messenger),
* and handing that Messenger to another process(将Messenger交给另一个进程).
*/
public final class Messenger implements Parcelable {
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i8967864/bd735dcfb5b77d13.png)
服务端提供一个Service来处理客户端连接,维护一个Handler来创建Messenger,在onBind时返回Messenger的binder。
双方用Messenger来发送数据,用Handler来处理数据。Messenger处理数据依靠Handler,所以是串行的,也就是说,Handler接到多个message时,就要排队依次处理。
实现
A.Service端:
服务端就一个Service,先去声明一个Messenger对象,然后onBind方法返回mMessenger.getBinder();
然后坐等客户端将消息发送到handleMessage想法,根据message.what去判断进行什么操作,然后做对应的操作,最终将结果通过 msgfromClient.replyTo.send(msgToClient);返回。
这里主要是取出客户端传来的两个数字,然后求和返回,这里我有意添加了sleep(1500)模拟耗时,注意在实际使用过程中,可以换成在独立开辟的线程中完成耗时操作,比如和HandlerThread结合使用。
/*
* Service端,负责接收并处理Messenger数据并返回结果给Client端
* evan by 20171117
*/
public class mService extends Service{
@Override
public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
return messenger.getBinder();
}
private static final int MSG_SUM = 0x110;
private Messenger messenger = new Messenger(new Handler(){//声明一个messenger对象
public void handleMessage(Message frommsg) {
Message tomessage = Message.obtain(frommsg);
switch (frommsg.what) {//判断做什么操作
case MSG_SUM:
tomessage.what=MSG_SUM;
try {
Thread.sleep(1500);
tomessage.arg1 = frommsg.arg1+frommsg.arg2;
frommsg.replyTo.send(tomessage);//返回数据
Log.i("md", "收到aig1:"+frommsg.arg1+", aig2:"+frommsg.arg2+", what:"+frommsg.what+", 并返回了:"+tomessage.arg1);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Toast.makeText(getApplication(), "e.InterruptedException()", 1).show();
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
Toast.makeText(getApplication(), "e.RemoteException()", 1).show();
}
break;
}
super.handleMessage(frommsg);
};
});
}
B.AndroidManifest中注册service
<service
android:name=".mService"
android:enabled="true"
android:exported="true">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="com.evan.messer"></action>
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT"/>
</intent-filter>
</service>
C.Client端:
首先建立连接:写一个bindService的方法bindServiceInvoike(),在onServiceConnected中拿到回调的service(IBinder)对象,通过service对象去构造一个mService =new Messenger(service);
建立连接后,就可以使用mService.send(msg)给服务端了。
发送后,在写一个接受service返回的方法messenger,service收到消息后,处理完成会将结果返回,就可以传到Client端的messenger中的Handler的handleMessage方法中了。
/*
* Client端,负责通过Messenger发送与接受数据
* evan by 20171117
*/
public class MainActivity extends ActionBarActivity implements OnClickListener{
private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
private static final int MSG_SUM = 0x110;
private Button mBtnAdd;
private LinearLayout mLyContainer;
//显示连接状态
private TextView mTvState,mTvInfo;
private Messenger mService;
private boolean isConn;
private int mA;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
bindServiceInvoike();
initView();
}
private void initView() {
mTvState=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView1);
mLyContainer=(LinearLayout)findViewById(R.id.mLyContainer);
mBtnAdd=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button1);
mBtnAdd.setOnClickListener(this);
}
/*
* 建立连接
*/
private void bindServiceInvoike() {
Intent intent = new Intent();
intent.setAction("com.evan.messer");
bindService(intent, mConn, Context.BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
/*
* 拿到ServiceConnection连接数据
*/
private ServiceConnection mConn = new ServiceConnection() {
@Override
public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {
mService = null;
isConn = false;
mTvState.setText("disconnected!");
}
@Override
public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {
mService = new Messenger(service);
isConn = true;
mTvState.setText("connected!");
}
};
/*
* 发送消息
*/
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
try {
int a = mA++;
int b = (int)(Math.random()*100);
TextView tv = new TextView(MainActivity.this);
tv.setText(a+"+"+b+" = 服务器返回的结果: ");
tv.setId(b);
mLyContainer.addView(tv);
Message msgFromClient = Message.obtain(null,MSG_SUM,a,b);
msgFromClient.replyTo = messenger;
if (isConn) {
mService.send(msgFromClient);//往服务里发信息
Log.i("md", "发送aig1:"+a+", aig2:"+b+",what:"+MSG_SUM+",给services!");
}
} catch (RemoteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/*
* 接收service处理的数据
*/
private Messenger messenger = new Messenger(new Handler(){//服务端会收到消息,处理完成会将结果返回,
public void handleMessage(Message msgfrom) {
switch (msgfrom.what) {
case MSG_SUM:
TextView tv = (TextView) mLyContainer.findViewById(msgfrom.arg2);
tv.setText(tv.getText() + " = " + msgfrom.arg1);
Log.i("md", "收到service的Messenger数据:"+msgfrom.arg1);
break;
}
super.handleMessage(msgfrom);
};
});
/*
*断开与服务器的连接
*/
protected void onDestroy() {
super.onDestroy();
unbindService(mConn);
};
}
D.XML:
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:id="@+id/mLyContainer"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
tools:context="com.example.messenger_client.MainActivity"
tools:ignore="MergeRootFrame"
android:orientation="vertical"
>
<TextView
android:id="@+id/textView1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="状态信息:"
/>
<Button
android:id="@+id/button1"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="发送"
/>
</LinearLayout>
E.运行:
![](https://img.haomeiwen.com/i8967864/e34a198d85b880f2.png)
打印:
01-01 00:08:35.045: I/md(1693): 收到service的Messenger数据:6
01-01 00:08:36.544: I/md(1740): 收到aig1:2, aig2:99, what:272, 并返回了:101
01-01 00:08:36.545: I/md(1693): 收到service的Messenger数据:101