RabbitMQ初探(三):PHP发送和接收消息

今天小编来讲解一下如何通过PHP来实现RabbitMQ的消息发送与接收。本文代码不采用任何类库，后续会写一篇文章来讲解php-amqplib的使用

1.消息发布rabbit_publisher.php

<?php
//connect的配置信息 
$conn_args = [
    'host' => '127.0.0.1',  
    'port' => '5672',  
    'login' => 'guest',  
    'password' => 'guest', 
    'vhost'=>'/' 
];   
$ex_name = 'e_linvo'; //交换机名 
$k_route = 'key_1'; //路由key 
 
//创建连接和channel 
$conn = new AMQPConnection($conn_args);   
if (!$conn->connect()) {   
    die("Cannot connect to the broker!\n");   
}   
$channel = new AMQPChannel($conn);   
 
//创建交换机对象    
$ex = new AMQPExchange($channel);   
$ex->setName($ex_name);   
date_default_timezone_set("Asia/Shanghai");
//发送消息  
for($i=0; $i<5; ++$i){ 
    sleep(1);//休眠1秒
    //消息内容 
    $message = "TEST MESSAGE!" . date("h:i:sa");   
    echo "Send Message:" . $ex->publish($message, $k_route) . PHP_EOL;  
} 
 
$conn->disconnect();

2.消息消费rabbit_consumer.php

<?php 
//配置信息 
$conn_args = array( 
    'host' => '127.0.0.1',  
    'port' => '5672',  
    'login' => 'guest',  
    'password' => 'guest', 
    'vhost'=>'/' 
);   
$ex_name = 'e_linvo'; //交换机名 
$queue_name = 'q_linvo'; //队列名 
$k_route = 'key_1'; //路由key 
 
//创建连接和channel 
$conn = new AMQPConnection($conn_args);   
if (!$conn->connect()) {   
    die("Cannot connect to the broker!" . PHP_EOL);   
}   
$channel = new AMQPChannel($conn);   
 
//创建交换机    
$ex = new AMQPExchange($channel);   
$ex->setName($ex_name); 
$ex->setType(AMQP_EX_TYPE_DIRECT); //direct类型   如果 routing key 匹配，那么 Message 就会被传递到相应的 queue
$ex->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE); //持久化 
echo "Exchange Status:" . $ex->declareExchange() . PHP_EOL;   
   
//创建队列    
$q = new AMQPQueue($channel); 
$q->setName($queue_name);   
$q->setFlags(AMQP_DURABLE); //持久化  
echo "Message Total:".$q->declareQueue() . PHP_EOL;   
 
//绑定交换机与队列，并指定路由键 
echo 'Queue Bind: '.$q->bind($ex_name, $k_route) . PHP_EOL; 
 
//阻塞模式接收消息 
echo "Message:" . PHP_EOL;   
while(True){ 
    $q->consume('processMessage');   
    //$q->consume('processMessage', AMQP_AUTOACK); //自动ACK应答  
} 
$conn->disconnect();   
 
/**
 * 消费回调函数
 * 处理消息
 */ 
function processMessage($envelope, $queue) { 
    $msg = $envelope->getBody(); 
    echo $msg . PHP_EOL; //处理消息 
    $queue->ack($envelope->getDeliveryTag()); //手动发送ACK应答 
}

processMessage中的$envelope是一个对象

AMQPEnvelope Object
(
    [content_type:AMQPBasicProperties:private] => text/plain
    [content_encoding:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [headers:AMQPBasicProperties:private] => Array
        (
        )

    [delivery_mode:AMQPBasicProperties:private] => 1
    [priority:AMQPBasicProperties:private] => 0
    [correlation_id:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [reply_to:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [expiration:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [message_id:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [timestamp:AMQPBasicProperties:private] => 0
    [type:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [user_id:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [app_id:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [cluster_id:AMQPBasicProperties:private] =>
    [body:AMQPEnvelope:private] => TEST MESSAGE!10:11:57am
    [consumer_tag:AMQPEnvelope:private] => amq.ctag-6OFjCh0xTtUGPBE3sgp7Tw
    [delivery_tag:AMQPEnvelope:private] => 1
    [is_redelivery:AMQPEnvelope:private] => 1
    [exchange_name:AMQPEnvelope:private] => e_linvo
    [routing_key:AMQPEnvelope:private] => key_1
)

具体的说明可以查看php.net的官方文档AMQPQueue::consume

3.打开2个终端分别执行消费和发布文件

php rabbit_consumer.php
php rabbit_publisher.php

你将看到

发布端显示

Send Message:1
Send Message:1
Send Message:1
Send Message:1
Send Message:1

消费端显示

Exchange Status:1
Message Total:5
Queue Bind: 1
Message:
TEST MESSAGE!10:27:34
TEST MESSAGE!10:27:35
TEST MESSAGE!10:27:36
TEST MESSAGE!10:27:37
TEST MESSAGE!10:27:38