docker学习笔记-基础理论、环境搭建、常用命令（一）
2019-11-28 本文已影响0人
Sandra_liu
1、docker作用
a、搭建测试环境 再也不用抢分支了
b、搭建测试执行环境
c、搭建各类服务
2、docker和虚拟机的区别
docker无虚拟化内核，使用宿主机的内核
3、docker的关键技术
namespace:linux命名空间，隔离网络
Cgroups:限制和隔离进程资源（cpu、内存）
联合文件系统：隔离文件视图
4、docker安装
参考官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/
下面是 centos 上安装 docker 的命令示例过程
安装依赖
$ yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
添加 docker 的yum镜像源，如果在国内，添加阿里云的镜像源
安装 docker 官方的镜像源
$ yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
如果在国内，安装阿里云的镜像
$ yum-config-manager --add-repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
安装指定版本的 docker 并且启动服务
安装 docker
$ yum install -y docker-ce
安装指定版本号的 docker，以下是 k8s 官方推荐的 docker 版本号 (此时，k8s 的版本号在 v1.16)
$ yum install -y docker-ce-18.06.2.ce
$ systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
$ systemctl start docker
docker 安装成功后，可以使用以下命令查看版本号
$ docker --version
Docker version 18.06.2-ce, build 6d37f41
查看更详细的版本号信息
$ docker version
查看docker的详细配置信息
$ docker info
5、镜像管理命令（举个🌰：jenkins）
docker镜像的下载地址：https://hub.docker.com/
- 1.docker pull {image_name} (拉取镜像)
docker pull jenkins/jenkins:lts
- docker push {image_name} (推送镜像)--需要先加个版本号 然后才能将镜像推送到私有仓库（ps:目前不清楚怎么创建私有仓库 todo...）
docker push jenkins/jenkins:1.0
- docker images (查看当前机器的所有镜像)
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/jenkins/jenkins 1.0 22b8b9a84dbe 9 days ago 568 MB
- REPOSITORY:仓库 docker.io/jenkins/jenkins：镜像存放地址/镜像名称
- TAG:镜像版本号 不加版本号默认会加最新的版本号 latest
- IMAGE ID：镜像ID 全球唯一
- CREATED：镜像制作时间
- SIZE：镜像所占的磁盘时间
- docker rmi {image_name} (删除当前机器的一个镜像)
- docker tag {source_images_name:tag your_image_name:tag} 为一个镜像打tag
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker tag docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:lts docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:1.0
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/jenkins/jenkins 1.0 22b8b9a84dbe 9 days ago 568 MB
docker.io/jenkins/jenkins lts 22b8b9a84dbe 9 days ago 568 MB
- docker save jenkins > jenkins.tar (将当前机器上镜像保存到tar包) 没有网络的情况下会使用到
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker save docker.io/jenkins/jenkins > jenkins.tar
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# ll
总用量 565880
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 579456512 11月 30 10:24 jenkins.tar
- docker load < jenkins.tar （将镜像下载到另外的机器）没有网络的情况下会使用到
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker load < jenkins.tar
Loaded image: docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:lts
- docker 修改镜像名称
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker tag docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:lts sandrajenkins
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
sandrajenkins latest 22b8b9a84dbe 9 days ago 568 MB
docker.io/jenkins/jenkins 1.0 22b8b9a84dbe 9 days ago 568 MB
docker.io/jenkins/jenkins lts 22b8b9a84dbe 9 days ago 568 MB
- 踩坑：删除镜像 需要先删除tag
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker rmi 22b8b9a84dbe
Error response from daemon: conflict: unable to delete 22b8b9a84dbe (must be forced) - image is referenced in multiple repositories
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker rmi docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:1.0
Untagged: docker.io/jenkins/jenkins:1.0
6、容器的管理命令
- docker run --name={your_name} --d {image_name} (运行容器)
参数：- --name 指定容器名称 sandrajenkins
- -d 后台运行
- -port 指定端口映射规则 -p 8080（本机端口）:8080（容器端口） -p 50000:50000
- --network 指定容器运行的网络模式 待补充
- -v 指定需要挂载的数据卷 容器不会持久化数据所以需要挂载（文件映射，宿主机的目录发送变化则容器的目录会发生变化）
- -env 指定需要传递给容器的环境变量 待补充
- 镜像名称 sandrajenkins
- docker run --name={your_name} --d {image_name} (运行容器)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker run --name sandrajenkins -d -p 8080:8080 -p 50000:50000 sandrajenkins
9a0fa36a1857b75d4bdfe7e28f986d055b7b63c4a676ae0820e9eeb772dd6e71
- docker ps -s -a {查看当前所有容器}
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9a0fa36a1857 sandrajenkins "/sbin/tini -- /us..." 7 minutes ago Up 7 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50000->50000/tcp sandrajenkins
CONTAINER ID:容器的唯一标识
IMAGE :容器是通过哪个镜像启动的
COMMAND:启动名称
CREATED :容器创建时间
STATUS :当前状态
PORTS :端口号
NAMES:容器的名称
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker ps -s
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES SIZE
9a0fa36a1857 sandrajenkins "/sbin/tini -- /us..." 10 minutes ago Up 10 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50000->50000/tcp sandrajenkins 2.42 MB (virtual 570 MB)
SIZE:容器所占的磁盘空间 2.42 MB (virtual 570 MB-> 镜像大小)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
9a0fa36a1857 sandrajenkins "/sbin/tini -- /us..." 13 minutes ago Up 13 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp, 0.0.0.0:50000->50000/tcp sandrajenkins
- docker stop {container_name} (停止容器)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker stop 9a0fa36a1857
9a0fa36a1857
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker stop sandrajenkins
sandrajenkins
- docker kill (container_name) {杀死容器}
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker kill 9a0fa36a1857
9a0fa36a1857
- docker rm -f {container_name} (删除容器) 需要先停止才能删除
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker rm -f sandrajenkins
sandrajenkins
- docker restart {container_name} (重启容器)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker restart 9a0fa36a1857
9a0fa36a1857
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker restart sandrajenkins
sandrajenkins
7、查询信息相关命令
- docker logs -f {容器名称} (查看容器日志)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker logs -f sandrajenkins
Running from: /usr/share/jenkins/jenkins.war
webroot: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2019-11-30 04:01:28.690+0000 [id=1] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Log#initialized: Logging initialized @618ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.JavaUtilLog
2019-11-30 04:01:28.875+0000 [id=1] INFO winstone.Logger#logInternal: Beginning extraction from war file
2019-11-30 04:01:30.285+0000 [id=1] WARNING o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#setContextPath: Empty contextPath
2019-11-30 04:01:30.380+0000 [id=1] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: jetty-9.4.z-SNAPSHOT; built: 2019-05-02T00:04:53.875Z; git: e1bc35120a6617ee3df052294e433f3a25ce7097; jvm 1.8.0_232-b09
2019-11-30 04:01:30.716+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.w.StandardDescriptorProcessor#visitServlet: NO JSP Support for /, did not find org.eclipse.jetty.jsp.JettyJspServlet
2019-11-30 04:01:30.786+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
2019-11-30 04:01:30.786+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.s.s.DefaultSessionIdManager#doStart: No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
2019-11-30 04:01:30.792+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.server.session.HouseKeeper#startScavenging: node0 Scavenging every 600000ms
Jenkins home directory: /var/jenkins_home found at: EnvVars.masterEnvVars.get("JENKINS_HOME")
2019-11-30 04:01:31.471+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.s.handler.ContextHandler#doStart: Started w.@53499d85{Jenkins v2.190.3,/,file:///var/jenkins_home/war/,AVAILABLE}{/var/jenkins_home/war}
2019-11-30 04:01:31.514+0000 [id=1] INFO o.e.j.server.AbstractConnector#doStart: Started ServerConnector@302c971f{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
2019-11-30 04:01:31.514+0000 [id=1] INFO org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server#doStart: Started @3443ms
2019-11-30 04:01:31.516+0000 [id=20] INFO winstone.Logger#logInternal: Winstone Servlet Engine v4.0 running: controlPort=disabled
2019-11-30 04:01:32.974+0000 [id=27] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started initialization
2019-11-30 04:01:33.043+0000 [id=25] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Listed all plugins
2019-11-30 04:01:34.813+0000 [id=26] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Prepared all plugins
2019-11-30 04:01:34.824+0000 [id=26] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Started all plugins
2019-11-30 04:01:34.871+0000 [id=26] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Augmented all extensions
2019-11-30 04:01:35.878+0000 [id=28] INFO jenkins.InitReactorRunner$1#onAttained: Loaded all jobs
2019-11-30 04:01:35.937+0000 [id=41] INFO hudson.model.AsyncPeriodicWork$1#run: Started Download metadata
2019-11-30 04:01:35.978+0000 [id=41] INFO hudson.util.Retrier#start: Attempt #1 to do the action check updates server
2019-11-30 04:01:37.199+0000 [id=25] INFO o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@16869b76: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Sat Nov 30 04:01:37 UTC 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-11-30 04:01:37.199+0000 [id=25] INFO o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@16869b76]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1ce688fd
2019-11-30 04:01:37.215+0000 [id=25] INFO o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1ce688fd: defining beans [authenticationManager]; root of factory hierarchy
2019-11-30 04:01:37.452+0000 [id=25] INFO o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#prepareRefresh: Refreshing org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@512cef0f: display name [Root WebApplicationContext]; startup date [Sat Nov 30 04:01:37 UTC 2019]; root of context hierarchy
2019-11-30 04:01:37.453+0000 [id=25] INFO o.s.c.s.AbstractApplicationContext#obtainFreshBeanFactory: Bean factory for application context [org.springframework.web.context.support.StaticWebApplicationContext@512cef0f]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1b6cd3c6
2019-11-30 04:01:37.453+0000 [id=25] INFO o.s.b.f.s.DefaultListableBeanFactory#preInstantiateSingletons: Pre-instantiating singletons in org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@1b6cd3c6: defining beans [filter,legacy]; root of factory hierarchy
2019-11-30 04:01:37.825+0000 [id=25] INFO jenkins.install.SetupWizard#init:
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
Jenkins initial setup is required. An admin user has been created and a password generated.
Please use the following password to proceed to installation:
a10041557c8a40e3bf41f44988799d43
This may also be found at: /var/jenkins_home/secrets/initialAdminPassword
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
*************************************************************
- docker info (查看docker服务的信息)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker info
Containers: 1
Running: 1
Paused: 0
Stopped: 0
Images: 3
Server Version: 1.13.1
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: extfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: journald
Cgroup Driver: systemd
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host macvlan null overlay
Swarm: inactive
Runtimes: docker-runc runc
Default Runtime: docker-runc
Init Binary: /usr/libexec/docker/docker-init-current
containerd version: (expected: aa8187dbd3b7ad67d8e5e3a15115d3eef43a7ed1)
runc version: 9c3c5f853ebf0ffac0d087e94daef462133b69c7 (expected: 9df8b306d01f59d3a8029be411de015b7304dd8f)
init version: fec3683b971d9c3ef73f284f176672c44b448662 (expected: 949e6facb77383876aeff8a6944dde66b3089574)
Security Options:
seccomp
WARNING: You're not using the default seccomp profile
Profile: /etc/docker/seccomp.json
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-957.21.3.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
Number of Docker Hooks: 3
CPUs: 2
Total Memory: 3.701 GiB
Name: VM_0_4_centos
ID: X5DL:YS5M:QDPL:H665:FPT7:PAOU:N7ZK:RR25:IHH4:3THZ:2S52:MXS2
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Experimental: false
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Live Restore Enabled: false
Registries: docker.io (secure)
- docker inspect {容器名称} (查看容器的元数据)
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker inspect sandrajenkins
[
{
"Id": "6181f0aab75e39107e6e1e35093b265bb22141966d5dac795255a1c8e5218b1b",
"Created": "2019-11-30T04:01:27.718420678Z",
"Path": "/sbin/tini",
"Args": [
"--",
"/usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh"
],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 30012,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2019-11-30T04:01:28.042010247Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:22b8b9a84dbe855962512a090bd80087584626b645f77e0cfd69398f10ad6eda",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6181f0aab75e39107e6e1e35093b265bb22141966d5dac795255a1c8e5218b1b/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6181f0aab75e39107e6e1e35093b265bb22141966d5dac795255a1c8e5218b1b/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/6181f0aab75e39107e6e1e35093b265bb22141966d5dac795255a1c8e5218b1b/hosts",
"LogPath": "",
"Name": "/sandrajenkins",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "journald",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {
"50000/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "50000"
}
],
"8080/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "",
"HostPort": "8080"
}
]
},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "docker-runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DiskQuota": 0,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": -1,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": 0,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Name": "overlay2",
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4915f385b4296250f062e6fc4c8f5d810481d42d73ceedbec12a62ec5a0e6ba3-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/24b281d90ad227bea57249fdf1825777f91172c4e898c8fa97c42390555b21de/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/b543fabb295340447dd4c8e7cd5eed7ec94206f612cb8885082f700089f91464/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/26c4a625a359fb0d7ee8767dd818eb9245865f275ff273f3324d8ecccd014951/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/0b9600575fea72430e46e695d2a322b0c386eae29c6f982d6b19a8c861ceb570/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/dad8df63591123025fa6f4c45b8a554f5424c6a7668d5266f47b37de9221682a/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/88b5275e82a7daacfc89ad0648737fab235f3cd0d65669c11ee610901c8857ef/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/960eafffcafbd912a2f1b7def238b8c48e1de914c65ea1ad9900e798e506b77b/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3bfb23cbe887cadbe4f899f88eeb453c7a94bea6f7edb7d926c2e16d3b41a359/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/ed85098f0c828e26e4a45eb762c9c3ec408d70e608cfaf96f5308dbccd35f6b2/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/81d46f1b7cec18bd1fd17308ee6c5a5fb390f0e14211b23c6136ff89a59d4113/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/3792b5e076cb2cd3fbe82e08235e013b89be08f5fe0057de8ce87422cbaeb802/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/a178f65f381fa9436a1746d478a31f9d0e48fb929d5246e02c46d23b5de00336/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/40d54e01a114fc28544c627829e52de1e42cd1af0ed452293dce133703dc6726/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/6462b53ff17e6db9ba16337fc3ff51ba0007388a42d2000e497420cf7948af1b/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/07694669566b1224fa9016dcf5a0c8b1ac48f082cf81c97ccd0dbb8051d9d777/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/9190d964377768e482b100aa710e540a7c1b6c14ebc912b31db43d726b453dcc/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/d12b3fb262dff96089f6b15a5678493f006ac7f3acc06cf4e1424d1429a9f1d2/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/5ff3d3f513bb2ae2cef660ee426d62ac984b1a7b79d0a7543c46f8d7a4800e8d/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4915f385b4296250f062e6fc4c8f5d810481d42d73ceedbec12a62ec5a0e6ba3/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4915f385b4296250f062e6fc4c8f5d810481d42d73ceedbec12a62ec5a0e6ba3/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/4915f385b4296250f062e6fc4c8f5d810481d42d73ceedbec12a62ec5a0e6ba3/work"
}
},
"Mounts": [
{
"Type": "volume",
"Name": "e98649401bdba44a16c1075ab876433962afa8502e40a16f0c9e11d7c7576d01",
"Source": "/var/lib/docker/volumes/e98649401bdba44a16c1075ab876433962afa8502e40a16f0c9e11d7c7576d01/_data",
"Destination": "/var/jenkins_home",
"Driver": "local",
"Mode": "",
"RW": true,
"Propagation": ""
}
],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "6181f0aab75e",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "jenkins",
"AttachStdin": false,
"AttachStdout": false,
"AttachStderr": false,
"ExposedPorts": {
"50000/tcp": {},
"8080/tcp": {}
},
"Tty": false,
"OpenStdin": false,
"StdinOnce": false,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/openjdk-8/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin",
"LANG=C.UTF-8",
"JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/openjdk-8",
"JAVA_VERSION=8u232",
"JAVA_BASE_URL=https://github.com/AdoptOpenJDK/openjdk8-upstream-binaries/releases/download/jdk8u232-b09/OpenJDK8U-jdk_",
"JAVA_URL_VERSION=8u232b09",
"JENKINS_HOME=/var/jenkins_home",
"JENKINS_SLAVE_AGENT_PORT=50000",
"REF=/usr/share/jenkins/ref",
"JENKINS_VERSION=2.190.3",
"JENKINS_UC=https://updates.jenkins.io",
"JENKINS_UC_EXPERIMENTAL=https://updates.jenkins.io/experimental",
"JENKINS_INCREMENTALS_REPO_MIRROR=https://repo.jenkins-ci.org/incrementals",
"COPY_REFERENCE_FILE_LOG=/var/jenkins_home/copy_reference_file.log"
],
"Cmd": null,
"Image": "sandrajenkins",
"Volumes": {
"/var/jenkins_home": {}
},
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": [
"/sbin/tini",
"--",
"/usr/local/bin/jenkins.sh"
],
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "8920f8d25472111fdb7b2f4d7d482ee06bc06075b8a48afc86fce201d4b717a4",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {
"50000/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "50000"
}
],
"8080/tcp": [
{
"HostIp": "0.0.0.0",
"HostPort": "8080"
}
]
},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/8920f8d25472",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "50743c3b65849410316f64bf7584b0a267056bada59c66d6e663b24fe2670ccd",
"Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.18.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "4852b86324ccb7d865d991bae4480fc9509e909e063c782efbc279ab0cc23781",
"EndpointID": "50743c3b65849410316f64bf7584b0a267056bada59c66d6e663b24fe2670ccd",
"Gateway": "172.18.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.18.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42:ac:12:00:02"
}
}
}
}
]
7、与docker容器的交互命令
- docker exec -it {容器名称} bash 进入容器，exec的意思是在容器中运行一个命令。 如果是bash 并且指定了-it 就会打开容器的shell 交互
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins]# docker exec -it sandrajenkins bash
jenkins@6181f0aab75e:/$ ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt proc run srv tmp var
boot etc lib media opt root sbin sys usr
- docker cp {host_path} /{host_file_name} {container name}:{container_path} 把宿主机上的一个文件copy到容器中
[root@VM_0_4_centos jenkins_home]# docker cp start.sh sandrajenkins:/var/jenkins_home
- 3、容器内操作
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker exec sandrajenkins echo "hi"
hi
[root@VM_0_4_centos ~]# docker exec sandrajenkins ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (180.101.49.12) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from 180.101.49.12 (180.101.49.12): icmp_seq=1 ttl=47 time=9.30 ms
64 bytes from 180.101.49.12 (180.101.49.12): icmp_seq=2 ttl=47 time=9.28 ms
踩坑1：docker挂了怎么解决？
image.png
踩坑2: docker容器删不掉怎么办？
参考：https://cloud.tencent.com/developer/article/1386135
