英美日学习中每天写1000字每周500字

巧记语法(8)|超简单,关系代词所有格及关系副词

2017-04-17  本文已影响833人  注销123456

上一节介绍了关系代词,现在来接着讲关系代词所有格以及关系副词,内容不多,快来学吧~


A:关系代词所有格

先来一个例子感受一下:

This is Mr.wang, his son is my teacher.

同学们这句话对吗?明显不对,因为两个句子应该是关联的,而在这里是独立的成分。那么有三种处理方式:

1.分号:This is Mr.wang,;his son is my teacher.

2.逗号,连词:This is Mr.wang, and his son is my teacher.

3.用关系代词所有格,变成:This is Mr.Wang, whose son is my teacher。

是不是有点感觉了,来仔细学关系代词所有格!


一.关系代词所有格的功能

关系带子所有格是人称代词所有格变化而成(人称代词所有格his、your、their、our、its…),和关系代词一样,引导定语从句,修饰前面的名词。


二.关系代词所有格使用三原则(和关系代词三原则基本相同!)

1.之前要有先行词。

2.该关系代词所有格之后的名词要做定语从句中的主语或宾语。

3.不做主语或宾语的话,该关系代词所有格之前一定要有借此,该介词可移至从句句尾。

三.取代whose结构。

whose除了可替代人以外,亦可以代替物,但是代替物的时候,“whose+n”可被以下结构取代:

“whose+n.”

=the+n.+of which

=of which +the+n.

例如:

I just bought a book, its content is interesting(发现了吗这句明显不对,那怎么改呢?)

改为:

I just bought a book, whose content is interesting.

=I just bought a book, the content of which is interesting.

=I just bought a book, of which the content is interesting.


四、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句

与关系代词一样,关系代词所有格之前若无逗号,为限制性定语从句;若有逗号,即为非限制性定语从句,很好理解的吧?


B. 关系副词:

一、关系副词有四种,均有“介词+关系代词which”变化而成。

where(=in which, on which,at which)

when(=inwhich,on which,at which)

why(=for which)

how(=in which)


二、关系副词的功能:

where:修饰表提防的名词

when:修饰表时间的名词

why:修饰the reason

how:和the way 只能用其中一个

注意:how只用来修饰the way ,是有in which变化而成,但是how和the way不能并存,例如

I don’t like the way in which she talks.

=I don‘t like how she talks.

=I don't like the way she talks.

三、关系副词使用要点:

1.在限定修饰的定语从句中,除了where以外,when及why均可省略,而how则一定予以省略。

That’s the town I was born.(错)

=That‘s the town where I was born.(对)

2.I shall never forget the day when I graduated.

=I shall never forget the day I graduated.

3.I don’t know the reason why he left.

=I don’t know the reason  he left.

4.I don’t like the way how she talks.(错,the way 和how不能并存 how一定省略)

=I don’t like the way  she talks

2.where、when、why、how所修饰的名词置于be动词之后作表语,可以省略该名词,而保留关系副词。例如:

That is the town where I was born.

=That is where I was born.

that is the reason  he left.

=that is why he left.

3.where、when、why、how还可视为疑问代词,引导名词性从句,此时可做及物动词的宾语。

记不记得之前讲过的名词从句——戴慧怡?不记得的话动动小手翻翻前面的哈。

4.the moment(when)=the instant (when)=the minute(when)一……就

以上三个短语,均视为副词连词,之后的when予以省略,等于as soon as的意思,引导状语从句,修饰主句。


今天的内容不多,你学会了吗?

本文为学习笔记,整理的内容来自赖世雄老师的《赖氏经典英语语法》,欢迎共同讨论学习~

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