IOS中NSUserDefaults的用法（轻量级本地数据存储
NSUserDefaults适合存储轻量级的本地数据，比如要保存一个登陆界面的数据，用户名、密码之类的，个人觉得使用NSUserDefaults是首选。下次再登陆的时候就可以直接从NSUserDefaults里面读取上次登陆的信息咯。
因为如果使用自己建立的plist文件什么的，还得自己显示创建文件，读取文件，很麻烦，而是用NSUserDefaults则不用管这些东西，就像读字符串一样，直接读取就可以了。
NSUserDefaults支持的数据格式有：NSNumber（Integer、Float、Double），NSString，NSDate，NSArray，NSDictionary，BOOL类型。很实用吧
NSUserDefaults很方便，读取也很容易。下面给出一个示例看看如何使用：（PS：更详细的也可以参考官方文档哈）
ViewController.h文件中主要是放几个控件，用于显示存储的数据：
#import@interface ViewController : UIViewController
{
IBOutlet UILabel *txtInteger;
IBOutlet UILabel *txtFloat;
IBOutlet UILabel *txtDouble;
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSString;
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSDate;
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSArray;
IBOutlet UILabel *txtNSDictionary;
}
@end
ViewController.m文件中最重要的是两个方法：
saveNSUserDefaults：用于将各种类型数据保存到NSUserDefaults中
readNSUserDefautls：用于从NSUserDefaults中读取各种类型的数据。在viewDidLoad中调用这两个方法就可以看出结果咯
#import "ViewController.h"
@interface ViewController ()
@end
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
[self saveNSUserDefaults]; //调用此方法将各种数据存储到NSUserDefautls中，在下面定义
[self readNSUserDefaults]; //调用此方法从NSUserDefautls中读取各种数据，在下面定义
}
- (void)viewDidUnload
{
[txtNSString release];
txtNSString = nil;
[txtNSDate release];
txtNSDate = nil;
[txtNSArray release];
txtNSArray = nil;
[txtNSDictionary release];
txtNSDictionary = nil;
[txtInteger release];
txtInteger = nil;
[txtFloat release];
txtFloat = nil;
[txtDouble release];
txtDouble = nil;
[super viewDidUnload];
// Release any retained subviews of the main view.
}
- (BOOL)shouldAutorotateToInterfaceOrientation:(UIInterfaceOrientation)interfaceOrientation
{
return (interfaceOrientation != UIInterfaceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown);
}
- (void)dealloc {
[txtNSString release];
[txtNSDate release];
[txtNSArray release];
[txtNSDictionary release];
[txtInteger release];
[txtFloat release];
[txtDouble release];
[super dealloc];
}
//保存数据到NSUserDefaults
-(void)saveNSUserDefaults
{
NSString *myString = @"enuola";
int myInteger = 100;
float myFloat = 50.0f;
double myDouble = 20.0;
NSDate *myDate = [NSDate date];
NSArray *myArray = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"hello", @"world", nil];
NSDictionary *myDictionary = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjects:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"enuo", @"20", nil] forKeys:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"name", @"age", nil]];
//将上述数据全部存储到NSUserDefaults中
NSUserDefaults *userDefaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
//存储时，除NSNumber类型使用对应的类型意外，其他的都是使用setObject:forKey:
[userDefaults setInteger:myInteger forKey:@"myInteger"];
[userDefaults setFloat:myFloat forKey:@"myFloat"];
[userDefaults setDouble:myDouble forKey:@"myDouble"];
[userDefaults setObject:myString forKey:@"myString"];
[userDefaults setObject:myDate forKey:@"myDate"];
[userDefaults setObject:myArray forKey:@"myArray"];
[userDefaults setObject:myDictionary forKey:@"myDictionary"];
//这里建议同步存储到磁盘中，但是不是必须的
[userDefaults synchronize];
}
//从NSUserDefaults中读取数据
-(void)readNSUserDefaults
{
NSUserDefaults *userDefaultes = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];
//读取数据到各个label中
//读取整型int类型的数据
NSInteger myInteger = [userDefaultes integerForKey:@"myInteger"];
txtInteger.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",myInteger];
//读取浮点型float类型的数据
float myFloat = [userDefaultes floatForKey:@"myFloat"];
txtFloat.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f",myFloat];
//读取double类型的数据
double myDouble = [userDefaultes doubleForKey:@"myDouble"];
txtDouble.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%f",myDouble];
//读取NSString类型的数据
NSString *myString = [userDefaultes stringForKey:@"myString"];
txtNSString.text = myString;
//读取NSDate日期类型的数据
NSDate *myDate = [userDefaultes valueForKey:@"myDate"];
NSDateFormatter *df = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[df setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"];
txtNSDate.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",[df stringFromDate:myDate]];
//读取数组NSArray类型的数据
NSArray *myArray = [userDefaultes arrayForKey:@"myArray"];
NSString *myArrayString = [[NSString alloc] init];
for(NSString *str in myArray)
{
NSLog(@"str= %@",str);
myArrayString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@", myArrayString, str];
[myArrayString stringByAppendingString:str];
// [myArrayString stringByAppendingFormat:@"%@",str];
NSLog(@"myArrayString=%@",myArrayString);
}
txtNSArray.text = myArrayString;
//读取字典类型NSDictionary类型的数据
NSDictionary *myDictionary = [userDefaultes dictionaryForKey:@"myDictionary"];
NSString *myDicString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name:%@, age:%d",[myDictionary valueForKey:@"name"], [[myDictionary valueForKey:@"age"] integerValue]];
txtNSDictionary.text = myDicString;
}
@end
