gtest

配置

• 下载gtest源码，解压后用VS打开...\googletest-master\googletest\msvc\2010\gtest-md.sln，打开后可以看到包含的4个项目

• 打开生成 - 批生成（快捷键Alt+B+T），勾选所有64位的选项，点击生成
• ...\googletest-master\googletest\msvc\2010\gtest-md\x64-Debug中将生成gtestd.lib和gtest_maind.lib
• ...\googletest-master\googletest\msvc\2010\gtest-md\x64-Release中将生成gtest.lib和gtest_main.lib
• 头文件的库目录位于...\googletest-master\googletest\include，复制库目录和.lib文件到环境中，然后在VS中添加库目录和.lib文件即可使用

示例

• 打开VS新建一个空项目，添加以下源码

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

int f(int n)
{
    return n + 1;
}

TEST(testCase, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, f(0));
    ASSERT_EQ(2, f(1));
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}

• 如果运行出现如下报错：

error LNK2038: 检测到“RuntimeLibrary”的不匹配项: 值“MTd_StaticDebug”不匹配值“MDd_DynamicDebug”

• 将 配置属性 - C/C++ - 代码生成 - 运行库由多线程调试 DLL (/MDd)修改为多线程调试 (/MTd)即可。原因是编译的是gtest.sln而不是gtest-md.sln，gtest.sln的配置是多线程调试 (/MTd)，而gtest-md.sln的与VS的默认配置相同，是多线程调试 DLL (/MDd)
• 如果运行成功，将在控制台窗口中显示测试通过的结果

• 如果添加一个不能通过的测试用例

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

int f(int n)
{
    return n + 1;
}

TEST(testCase, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, f(0));
    EXPECT_EQ(2, f(1));
}

TEST(testCase, case1)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(11, f(0));
    EXPECT_EQ(22, f(1));
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}

• 运行将显示未通过测试的代码行数以及错误原因

常用宏

ASSERT_TRUE(condition);
ASSERT_FALSE(condition);
ASSERT_EQ(expected, actual);
ASSERT_NE(expected, actual);
ASSERT_GT(expected, actual);
ASSERT_LT(expected, actual);
ASSERT_GE(expected, actual);
ASSERT_LE(expected, actual);
ASSERT_STREQ(expected, actual);
ASSERT_STRNE(expected, actual);
ASSERT_FLOAT_EQ(expected, actual);
ASSERT_DOUBLE_EQ(expected, actual);
ASSERT_NEAR(val1, val2, abs_error);
ASSERT_DEATH(statement, regex);

EXPECT_* // 同上

• ASSERT和EXPECT的区别是，若ASSERT失败，则不会执行下一条语句，而EXPECT会

值参数化测试

• 多次使用仅参数不同的同一判断条件，可以使用值参数化来简化代码

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

bool isOdd(int n)
{
    return n % 2;
}

class ParamTest : public ::testing::TestWithParam<int> {};

TEST_P(ParamTest, case0)
{
    EXPECT_TRUE(isOdd(GetParam())); // 多次EXPECT_TRUE
}

INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(TestSuite, ParamTest, ::testing::Values(1, 3, 5, 7, 9));

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}

全局事件

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

class GlobalEnv : public ::testing::Environment
{
public:
    virtual void SetUp() override
    {
        std::cout << "GlobalEnv::SetUp()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void TearDown() override
    {
        std::cout << "GlobalEnv::TearDown()" << std::endl;
    }
};

TEST(TestCase, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 2);
}

TEST(TestCase, case1)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 3);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    ::testing::Environment* env = new GlobalEnv();
    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(env);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}

fixture

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

class TestSuite : public ::testing::Test
{
public:
    static void SetUpTestCase()
    {
        std::cout << "SetUpTestCase()" << std::endl;
    }
    static void TearDownTestCase()
    {
        std::cout << "TearDownTestCase()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void SetUp() override
    {
        std::cout << "TestSuite::SetUp()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void TearDown() override
    {
        std::cout << "TestSuite::TearDown()" << std::endl;
    }
};

TEST_F(TestSuite, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 2);
}

TEST_F(TestSuite, case1)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 3);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}

class TestSuite : public ::testing::Test
{
public:
    static void SetUpTestCase()
    {
        std::cout << "SetUpTestCase()" << std::endl;
    }
    static void TearDownTestCase()
    {
        std::cout << "TearDownTestCase()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void SetUp() override
    { // 这里还可以构造对象，比如auto p = new Widget;
        std::cout << "TestSuite::SetUp()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void TearDown() override
    { // 这里还可以析构对象，比如delete p;
        std::cout << "TestSuite::TearDown()" << std::endl;
    }
};

TEST_F(TestSuite, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 2);
}

TEST_F(TestSuite, case1)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 3);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}

结合使用

#include <iostream>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>

class GlobalEnv : public ::testing::Environment
{
public:
    virtual void SetUp() override
    {
        std::cout << "GlobalEnv::SetUp()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void TearDown() override
    {
        std::cout << "GlobalEnv::TearDown()" << std::endl;
    }
};

class TestSuite : public ::testing::Test
{
public:
    static void SetUpTestCase()
    {
        std::cout << "SetUpTestCase()" << std::endl;
    }
    static void TearDownTestCase()
    {
        std::cout << "TearDownTestCase()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void SetUp() override
    {
        std::cout << "TestSuite::SetUp()" << std::endl;
    }
    virtual void TearDown() override
    {
        std::cout << "TestSuite::TearDown()" << std::endl;
    }
};

TEST(TestCase, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 2);
}

TEST(TestCase, case1)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 3);
}

TEST_F(TestSuite, case0)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 2);
}

TEST_F(TestSuite, case1)
{
    EXPECT_EQ(1, 3);
}

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    ::testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
    ::testing::Environment* env = new GlobalEnv();
    ::testing::AddGlobalTestEnvironment(env);
    RUN_ALL_TESTS();
    std::cin.get();
}