Oracle表空间的创建与监控（持续更新）
2017-05-23 本文已影响0人
Theodore_Sun
系统自带表空间说明
SYSTEM #系统表空间，是永久系统表空间，用于存储SYS用户的表、视图、存储过程对象。
UNDOTBS1 #存储撤销信息的undo表空间
SYSAUX #辅助表空间
TEMP #临时表空间，用户存储SQL语句处理的表示索引信息
USERS #永久表空间，存储数据库用户创建的数据库对象
创建表空间并且指定给用户使用
--创建表空间
create tablespace SDA DATAFILE 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' SIZE 10M;
--修改
alter database datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' autoextend on;
--创建用户
create user c##SDA identified by SDA default tablespace SDA;
--修改权限
grant dba to c##SDA;
grant connect to c##SDA;
grant resource to c##SDA;
--删除用户
--drop user c##SDA cascade;
--删除表空间
--drop tablespace SDA including contents and datafiles;
查看表空间的使用情况
select a.tablespace_name,
a.bytes / 1024 / 1024 "Sum MB",
(a.bytes - b.bytes) / 1024 / 1024 "used MB",
b.bytes / 1024 / 1024 "free MB",
round(((a.bytes - b.bytes) / a.bytes) * 100, 2) "percent_used"
from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name) a,
(select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes, max(bytes) largest
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
order by ((a.bytes - b.bytes) / a.bytes) desc
--考虑到自增长
SELECT UPPER(F.TABLESPACE_NAME) AS "表空间名称",
ROUND(D.AVAILB_BYTES, 2) AS "表空间大小(G)",
ROUND(D.MAX_BYTES, 2) AS "最终表空间大小(G)",
ROUND((D.AVAILB_BYTES - F.USED_BYTES), 2) AS "已使用空间(G)",
TO_CHAR(ROUND((D.AVAILB_BYTES - F.USED_BYTES) / D.AVAILB_BYTES * 100,
2),
'999.99') AS "使用比",
ROUND(F.USED_BYTES, 6) AS "空闲空间(G)",
F.MAX_BYTES AS "最大块(M)"
FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) USED_BYTES,
ROUND(MAX(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) MAX_BYTES
FROM SYS.DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,
(SELECT DD.TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(DD.BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) AVAILB_BYTES,
ROUND(SUM(DECODE(DD.MAXBYTES, 0, DD.BYTES, DD.MAXBYTES)) /
(1024 * 1024 * 1024),
6) MAX_BYTES
FROM SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES DD
GROUP BY DD.TABLESPACE_NAME) D
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME
ORDER BY 4 DESC;
--简单sql
SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME AS TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(A.BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 2) AS "TOTAL(G)",
ROUND(B.BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 2) AS "USED(G)",
ROUND(C.BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 2) AS "FREE(G)",
ROUND((B.BYTES * 100) / A.BYTES, 2) AS "% USED",
ROUND((C.BYTES * 100) / A.BYTES, 2) AS "% FREE"
FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A, SYS.SM$TS_USED B, SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME = B.TABLESPACE_NAME
AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME = C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
查看表空间对应数据文件的相关信息
select file_name,
tablespace_name,
bytes / 1024 / 1024 "bytes MB",
maxbytes / 1024 / 1024 "maxbytes MB",
autoextensible,
increment_by
from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name = 'SDA';
查询创建表空间的相关SQL
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLESPACE', 'SDA') from dual;
返回一个clob字段，参考信息如下：
CREATE TABLESPACE "SDA" DATAFILE
'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' SIZE 10485760
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767M
LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT
NOCOMPRESS SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE
'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' RESIZE 17571184640
在磁盘空间充足的情况下增加数据文件
--增加数据文件
alter tablespace SDA add
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
size 10M;
--增加数据文件，并且自增长
alter tablespace SDA add
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
size 10M autoextend on next 5M maxsize 1G;
--使原来的数据文件自增长
alter DATABASE
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
autoextend on next 5M maxsize 1G;
--调整原来数据文件的大小
alter DATABASE
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
RESIZE 1G;
注意：ORACLE支持的数据文件大小是由它的db_block_size和db_block的数量决定的。
其中db_block(ORACLE块)的数量是一个定值2**22-1(4194303).
数据文件大小容量=块数量*块大小
验证是否正确增加
select file_name,
tablespace_name,
bytes / 1024 / 1024 "bytes MB",
maxbytes / 1024 / 1024 "maxbytes MB",
autoextensible,
increment_by
from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name = 'SDA';
删除表空间的数据文件
alter tablespace SDA drop datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
