Docker的使用(1)

2018-11-13  本文已影响10人  5号船长
开篇

Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎,基于 Go 语言 并遵从Apache2.0协议开源。

Docker 可以让开发者打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个轻量级、可移植的容器中,然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上,也可以实现虚拟化。

容器是完全使用沙箱机制,相互之间不会有任何接口(类似 iPhone 的 app),更重要的是容器性能开销极低。

Docker的优点

1、简化程序:
Docker 让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的容器中,然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上,便可以实现虚拟化。Docker改变了虚拟化的方式,使开发者可以直接将自己的成果放入Docker中进行管理。方便快捷已经是 Docker的最大优势,过去需要用数天乃至数周的 任务,在Docker容器的处理下,只需要数秒就能完成。
2、避免选择恐惧症:
如果你有选择恐惧症,还是资深患者。Docker 帮你 打包你的纠结!比如 Docker 镜像;Docker 镜像中包含了运行环境和配置,所以 Docker 可以简化部署多种应用实例工作。比如 Web 应用、后台应用、数据库应用、大数据应用比如 Hadoop 集群、消息队列等等都可以打包成一个镜像部署。
3、节省开支:
一方面,云计算时代到来,使开发者不必为了追求效果而配置高额的硬件,Docker 改变了高性能必然高价格的思维定势。Docker 与云的结合,让云空间得到更充分的利用。不仅解决了硬件管理的问题,也改变了虚拟化的方式。

Docker的安装

docker下载网址:https://www.docker.com/get-started

Docker下载.png
可以根据自己的系统下载对应的版本进行安装即可。
Docker使用

我们可以直接输入 docker 命令来查看到 Docker 客户端的所有命令选项:

lssdeMacBook-Pro:~ lss$ docker

Usage:  docker [OPTIONS] COMMAND

A self-sufficient runtime for containers

Options:
      --config string      Location of client config files (default
                           "/Users/lss/.docker")
  -D, --debug              Enable debug mode
  -H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to
  -l, --log-level string   Set the logging level
                           ("debug"|"info"|"warn"|"error"|"fatal")
                           (default "info")
      --tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify
      --tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default
                           "/Users/lss/.docker/ca.pem")
      --tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default
                           "/Users/lss/.docker/cert.pem")
      --tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default
                           "/Users/lss/.docker/key.pem")
      --tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote
  -v, --version            Print version information and quit

Management Commands:
  checkpoint  Manage checkpoints
  config      Manage Docker configs
  container   Manage containers
  image       Manage images
  network     Manage networks
  node        Manage Swarm nodes
  plugin      Manage plugins
  secret      Manage Docker secrets
  service     Manage services
  stack       Manage Docker stacks
  swarm       Manage Swarm
  system      Manage Docker
  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
  volume      Manage volumes

Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  deploy      Deploy a new stack or update an existing stack
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Run 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.
Docker常用命令:
docker image pull hello-world  下载一个镜像
docker images  查看已经安装的docker镜像

下一篇在接着更新吧!

Docker资源汇总

Docker官方英文资源
docker官网:http://www.docker.com
Docker windows入门:https://docs.docker.com/windows/
Docker Linux 入门:https://docs.docker.com/linux/
Docker mac 入门:https://docs.docker.com/mac/
Docker 用户指引:https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/
Docker 官方博客:http://blog.docker.com/
Docker Hub: https://hub.docker.com/
Docker开源: https://www.docker.com/open-source

Docker中文资源
Docker中文网站:http://www.docker.org.cn
Docker安装手册:http://www.docker.org.cn/book/install.html
一小时Docker教程 :https://blog.csphere.cn/archives/22
Docker 从入门到实践:http://dockerpool.com/static/books/docker_practice/index.html
Docker中文指南:http://www.widuu.com/chinese_docker/index.html

其它资源
https://segmentfault.com/t/docker
https://github.com/docker/docker
https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Docker
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Docker

总结

Dockerfile 文件


具体的详细内容下一篇在更吧,我瞌睡的不行了!

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