什么是独立主格结构?
Not long ago,with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak,the US workforce was derided as poorly educated and one of the primary causes of the poor US economic performance.
recession 萧条
pre-bubble 泡沫前
workforce 劳动力
deride 嘲笑
economic performance 经济效益
主干:Not long ago,the US workforce was derided as poorly educated 主语补语1 and 并列补语 one of the primary causes主语补语2
介词短语作后置定语: of the poor US economic performance
with 引导独立主格结构作伴随状语:with the country entering a recession and Japan at its pre-bubble peak
参考译文:不久以前,美国经济进入萧条时期,而日本经济当时也正在其泡沫破灭之前的顶峰时期。有人嘲笑美国劳动力队伍教育水平不高,(美国劳动力队伍)是美国经济表现差的主要原因之一。
句子解说:1.with 引导的是独立主格结构,当现在分词的逻辑主语不清楚的时候,必须添加逻辑主语,例如本句中的 the country 为 entering 的逻辑主语,这种结构就叫作独立主格结构。若不添加,就成了“悬垂分词”。
2.句中的 the country 意指“美国经济”,Japan(日本)意指“日本经济”。
3.句中 workforce was derided as (劳动力被嘲笑为)即 deride A as B 结构,A is B 关系成立,故 B 为 A 的补语。“嘲笑”的施动者是“人”,故译为“有人嘲笑”。